Preventing HIV Transmission
Preventing HIV Transmission

Author: National Research Council and Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1995-09-14

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 0309176212

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This volume addresses the interface of two major national problems: the epidemic of HIV-AIDS and the widespread use of illegal injection drugs. Should communities have the option of giving drug users sterile needles or bleach for cleaning needs in order to reduce the spread of HIV? Does needle distribution worsen the drug problem, as opponents of such programs argue? Do they reduce the spread of other serious diseases, such as hepatitis? Do they result in more used needles being carelessly discarded in the community? The panel takes a critical look at the available data on needle exchange and bleach distribution programs, reaches conclusions about their efficacy, and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. The book includes current knowledge about the epidemiologies of HIV/AIDS and injection drug use; characteristics of needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and views on those programs from diverse community groups; and a discussion of laws designed to control possession of needles, their impact on needle sharing among injection drug users, and their implications for needle exchange programs.

Model Programs for Adolescent Sexual Health
Model Programs for Adolescent Sexual Health

Author: Tabitha Benner, MPA

Publisher: Springer Publishing Company

Published: 2008-05-22

Total Pages: 409

ISBN-13: 0826197639

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Model Programs for Adolescent Sexual Health is a directory of the most promising and proven effective sexual education and prevention programs in the United States. The programs included in this volume were selected for their demonstrated positive impact on STI, pregnancy, and HIV/AIDS-related risk behaviors by a group of eminent HIV/AIDS expert scientists. The programs also show effective prevention strategies aimed at a variety of ages (children, adolescents, college students); a variety of ethnic and cultural orientations (Latino, African-American, GLBT, and more); and for use in a variety of settings (schools, community settings, medical clinics, and more). The following information is provided for each program listed in the directory: The Program Abstract summarizes the program, including its target clientele, site, approach, components, length, staffing requirements, program materials, and implementation costs The Program Rationale and History explains how the program was designed, and its underlying theoretical framework and assumptions Program Schedule explains the goals and activities of each program session Program Materials explains the necessary materials needed to implement the program (note that not all materials are included in this directory; however all can be ordered from Sociometrics) How to Implement the Program explains the ground rules and other necessary steps prior to implementation Evaluating the Program explains how the program was evaluated for its effectiveness

Drug Use in Prisoners
Drug Use in Prisoners

Author: Stuart Kinner

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 305

ISBN-13: 0199374848

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This edited volume provides the first ever comprehensive, international and multi-disciplinary review of the evidence regarding substance use and harms in people who cycle through prisons and jails. Grounded in solid evidence and a human rights framework, the text provides a roadmap for evidence-based reform

Integrating Responses at the Intersection of Opioid Use Disorder and Infectious Disease Epidemics
Integrating Responses at the Intersection of Opioid Use Disorder and Infectious Disease Epidemics

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2018-09-27

Total Pages: 175

ISBN-13: 0309477948

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According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 115 Americans die each day from an opioid overdose, which averages one death every 12.5 minutes. Between 1999 and 2016, the number of drug overdoses catapulted by 300 percent, with injection drug use increasing by 93 percent between 2004 and 2014 and opioid-related hospital admissions increasing by 58 percent over the past decade. And an inexorable sequela of the opioid epidemic is the spread of infectious diseases. To address these infectious disease consequences of the opioid crisis, a public workshop titled Integrating Infectious Disease Considerations with Response to the Opioid Epidemic was convened on March 12 and 13, 2018, by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Participants discussed strategies to prevent and treat infections in people who inject drugs, especially ways to work efficiently though the existing public health and medical systems. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Health in Prisons
Health in Prisons

Author: A. Gatherer

Publisher: WHO Regional Office Europe

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 198

ISBN-13: 9289072806

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Based on the experience of many countries in the WHO European Region and the advice of experts, this guide outlines some of the steps prison systems should take to reduce the public health risks from compulsory detention in often unhealthy situations, to care for prisoners in need and to promote the health of prisoners and prison staff. This requires that everyone working in prisons understand how imprisonment affects health, what prisoners' health needs are, and how evidence-based health services can be provided for everyone needing treatment, care and prevention in prison. Other essential elements are being aware of and accepting internationally recommended standards for prison health; providing professional care with the same adherence to professional ethics as in other health services; and, while seeing individual needs as the central feature of the care provided, promoting a whole-prison approach to care and promoting the health and well-being of people in custody.

Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic
Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-09-28

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 0309459575

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Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.

Emerging Issues in Prison Health
Emerging Issues in Prison Health

Author: Bernice S. Elger

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-08-05

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 9401775583

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This volume recognizes and addresses the health care issues of prisoners, to establish best practices and to learn about approaches to these challenges from around the world. It presents new evidence on several emerging and classical prison health issues. The first goal of this volume is to address emerging issues related to health in prison. Second, it presents the most recent research-based evidence and translates it to the practice. The third goal, is that it allows for sufficient diversity while also incorporating updates of some important already recognized prison health. The volume discusses prisons and the life and well-being of prisoners and staff, after growing problems as drug misuse (incl. tobacco smoking), infectious diseases (HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, STIs and TB), psychiatric problems, inadequate and unhealthy living conditions (incl. nutrition), overcrowding of prisons. These are addressed adequately in order to meet the international requirements of equivalence of health care. The scope of this volume is at the same type specific and diverse enough to cover the interests of a large audience that includes many types of practitioners involved in health-related issues in the field of prison health care, such as psychologists, nurses and prison administration officers responsible for health care, legal professionals and social workers.

Textbook of Addiction Treatment
Textbook of Addiction Treatment

Author: Nady el-Guebaly

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-11-03

Total Pages: 1512

ISBN-13: 3030363910

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Addiction is increasingly being recognized as a major global public health issue, and an ever-growing number of medical specialties, psychological and social science training programs, and professional associations are including addiction as part of their training and continuing education curricula. The first edition of this book presented an overview of the spectrum of addiction-related problems across different cultures around the globe. Sharing the experience and wisdom of more than 260 leading experts in the field, and promoted by the International Society of Addiction Medicine, it compared and contrasted clinical practices in the field of addiction medicine on the basis of neurobiological similarities as well as epidemiological and socio-cultural differences. Building on the success of this inaugural edition, and taking into account the formal and informal comments received as well as an assessment of current need, this textbook presents general updated information while retaining the most requested sections of the first edition as demonstrated by the number of chapter downloads. It also provides a basic text for those preparing for the ISAM annual certification exam. Written by some 220 international experts, it is a valuable reference resource for anyone interested in medicine, psychology, nursing, and social science.

Treating Substance Abusers in Correctional Contexts
Treating Substance Abusers in Correctional Contexts

Author: Nathaniel J. Pallone

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 248

ISBN-13: 078902277X

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The papers in this collection present an overview of new and emerging models for treatment of drug-involved offenders. They explore types of treatment that operate under the surveillance of courts and the criminal justice system, from in-prison programs to residential substance abuse treatment (RSAT) and substance abuse treatment (SAT) programs in the community. Topics covered include: outcome assessments, event-history analysis, relapse prevention, rehabilitation, diversion, and therapeutic justice.