The Little Typer

The Little Typer

Author: Daniel P. Friedman

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2018-09-18

Total Pages: 418

ISBN-13: 0262536439

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An introduction to dependent types, demonstrating the most beautiful aspects, one step at a time. A program's type describes its behavior. Dependent types are a first-class part of a language, and are much more powerful than other kinds of types; using just one language for types and programs allows program descriptions to be as powerful as the programs they describe. The Little Typer explains dependent types, beginning with a very small language that looks very much like Scheme and extending it to cover both programming with dependent types and using dependent types for mathematical reasoning. Readers should be familiar with the basics of a Lisp-like programming language, as presented in the first four chapters of The Little Schemer. The first five chapters of The Little Typer provide the needed tools to understand dependent types; the remaining chapters use these tools to build a bridge between mathematics and programming. Readers will learn that tools they know from programming—pairs, lists, functions, and recursion—can also capture patterns of reasoning. The Little Typer does not attempt to teach either practical programming skills or a fully rigorous approach to types. Instead, it demonstrates the most beautiful aspects as simply as possible, one step at a time.


A Gentle Introduction to Functional Programming in English [Third Edition]

A Gentle Introduction to Functional Programming in English [Third Edition]

Author: Antoine Bossard

Publisher: 株式会社 オーム社

Published: 2020-04-16

Total Pages: 212

ISBN-13: 4274804097

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英語とHaskellで学ぶ関数プログラミンの入門書、改訂3版登場! (日本名:関数プログラミング入門,in English![第3版]) 本書は、Haskellを用いて関数プログラミングの入門的な内容を英語で解説した書籍です。多くのプログラミング言語はもともと英語が母体であり、プログラミング自体を英語で学習することは、日本をはじめ特に非欧米語圏の人々にとって、きわめて重要かつ有用です。 なお本書では、日本の学生の英語での学習を支援するために、本文中の重要キーワードについては、適宜、日本語の訳や解説を加えています。本書を読み進めれば,英文の読解力と情報関係の専門用語の知識を自然に得ることができ,今後,英語論文や英文原書を読みこなすための確かな力が身につきます。 目次 1 About Functional Programming 関数プログラミングについて 2 Basic Syntax and Evaluation Model 基本文法と評価モデル 3 Variables 変数 4 Functions 関数 5 Lists and Tuples リストとタプル 6 Conditions 条件の表現 7 Recursion 再帰 8 Pattern Matching パターンマッチ 9 Advanced Typing さらに進んだ型付け 10 Selected Applications 応用例 11 Towards Logic Programming 論理プログラミングに向けて 12 Concluding Remarks おわりに APPENDIX A APPENDIX B APPENDIX C


Introduction to VHDL

Introduction to VHDL

Author: R.D. Hunter

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 9780412731303

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Covers all aspects of the VHDL language


Programming with Types

Programming with Types

Author: Vlad Riscutia

Publisher: Simon and Schuster

Published: 2019-10-31

Total Pages: 531

ISBN-13: 1638350264

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Summary Programming with Types teaches you to design safe, resilient, correct software that’s easy to maintain and understand by taking advantage of the power of strong type systems. Designed to provide practical, instantly useful techniques for working developers, this clearly written tutorial introduces you to using type systems to support everyday programming tasks. About the technology Common bugs often result from mismatched data types. By precisely naming and controlling which data are allowable in a calculation, a strong type system can eliminate whole classes of errors and ensure data integrity throughout an application. As a developer, skillfully using types in your everyday practice leads to better code and saves time tracking down tricky data-related errors. About the book Programming with Types teaches type-based techniques for writing software that’s safe, correct, easy to maintain, and practically self-documenting. Designed for working developers, this clearly written tutorial sticks with the practical benefits of type systems for everyday programming tasks. Following real-world examples coded in TypeScript, you’ll build your skills from primitive types up to more-advanced concepts like functors and monads. What's inside Building data structures with primitive types, arrays, and references How types affect functions, inheritance, and composition Object-oriented programming with types Applying generics and higher-kinded types About the reader You’ll need experience with a mainstream programming language like TypeScript, Java, JavaScript, C#, or C++. About the author Vlad Riscutia is a principal software engineer at Microsoft. He has headed up several major software projects and mentors up-and-coming software engineers.


A Philosophical Introduction to Higher-order Logics

A Philosophical Introduction to Higher-order Logics

Author: Andrew Bacon

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-09-29

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 1000925757

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This is the first comprehensive textbook on higher-order logic that is written specifically to introduce the subject matter to graduate students in philosophy. The book covers both the formal aspects of higher-order languages—their model theory and proof theory, the theory of λ-abstraction and its generalizations—and their philosophical applications, especially to the topics of modality and propositional granularity. The book has a strong focus on non-extensional higher-order logics, making it more appropriate for foundational metaphysics than other introductions to the subject from computer science, mathematics, and linguistics. A Philosophical Introduction to Higher-order Logics assumes only that readers have a basic knowledge of first-order logic. With an emphasis on exercises, it can be used as a textbook though is also ideal for self-study. Author Andrew Bacon organizes the book's 18 chapters around four main parts: I. Typed Language II. Higher-Order Languages III. General Higher-Order Languages IV. Higher-Order Model Theory In addition, two appendices cover the Curry-Howard isomorphism and its applications for modeling propositional structure. Each chapter includes exercises that move from easier to more difficult, strategically placed throughout the chapter, and concludes with an annotated suggested reading list providing graduate students with most valuable additional resources. Key Features: Is the first comprehensive introduction to higher-order logic as a grounding for addressing problems in metaphysics Introduces the basic formal tools that are needed to theorize in, and model, higher-order languages Offers an abundance of - Simple exercises throughout the book, serving as comprehension checks on basic concepts and definitions - More difficult exercises designed to facilitate long-term learning Contains annotated sections on further reading, pointing the reader to related literature, learning resources, and historical context


Introduction to the Theory of Programming Languages

Introduction to the Theory of Programming Languages

Author: Gilles Dowek

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-12-09

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13: 0857290762

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The design and implementation of programming languages, from Fortran and Cobol to Caml and Java, has been one of the key developments in the management of ever more complex computerized systems. Introduction to the Theory of Programming Languages gives the reader the means to discover the tools to think, design, and implement these languages. It proposes a unified vision of the different formalisms that permit definition of a programming language: small steps operational semantics, big steps operational semantics, and denotational semantics, emphasising that all seek to define a relation between three objects: a program, an input value, and an output value. These formalisms are illustrated by presenting the semantics of some typical features of programming languages: functions, recursivity, assignments, records, objects, ... showing that the study of programming languages does not consist of studying languages one after another, but is organized around the features that are present in these various languages. The study of these features leads to the development of evaluators, interpreters and compilers, and also type inference algorithms, for small languages.


Type Theory and Formal Proof

Type Theory and Formal Proof

Author: Rob Nederpelt

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2014-11-06

Total Pages: 465

ISBN-13: 1316061086

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Type theory is a fast-evolving field at the crossroads of logic, computer science and mathematics. This gentle step-by-step introduction is ideal for graduate students and researchers who need to understand the ins and outs of the mathematical machinery, the role of logical rules therein, the essential contribution of definitions and the decisive nature of well-structured proofs. The authors begin with untyped lambda calculus and proceed to several fundamental type systems, including the well-known and powerful Calculus of Constructions. The book also covers the essence of proof checking and proof development, and the use of dependent type theory to formalise mathematics. The only prerequisite is a basic knowledge of undergraduate mathematics. Carefully chosen examples illustrate the theory throughout. Each chapter ends with a summary of the content, some historical context, suggestions for further reading and a selection of exercises to help readers familiarise themselves with the material.


Typing Skill

Typing Skill

Author: AMC College

Publisher: Advanced Micro Systems Sdn Bhd

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13: 9670241405

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Typing is the process of inputting text into a device, such as a typewriter, computer, or calculator, by pressing keys on keyboard. It can be distinguished from other means of input, such as the use of pointing devices like the computer mouse, touchscreen, pen devices, character recognition and voice recognition.