International Law and the Antarctic Treaty System
International Law and the Antarctic Treaty System

Author: Arthur Watts

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1992-10

Total Pages: 490

ISBN-13: 9780521463119

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book provides an invaluable up-to-date survey of the legal framework for Antarctic activities, written by an author with direct practical experience of the Antarctic Treaty system. Reflecting the increase of activity in the area, the work examines the basic Antarctic Treaty of 1959 and the subsequent major additional treaties and regulatory measures to provide a clear and authoritative picture of the Antarctic legal system as a whole. The author demonstrates how these legal arrangements make an important contribution to international law generally notwithstanding the unique characteristics that set Antarctica apart.

International Law on Antarctic Mineral Resource Exploitation
International Law on Antarctic Mineral Resource Exploitation

Author: Runyu Wang

Publisher: PL Academic Research is

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783631724255

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The author introduces the Antarctic Treaty as well as the Antarctic Treaty System and elaborates on the Convention for the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities (CRAMRA). By comparing CRAMRA to the 1991 Protocol, she concludes that future discussions on Antarctic mineral exploration would learn from the experiences of CRAMRA.

The Arctic in International Law and Policy
The Arctic in International Law and Policy

Author: Kristina Schönfeldt

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2017-08-24

Total Pages: 1675

ISBN-13: 1509915796

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The Arctic is an increasingly important region faced with major challenges caused not only by the effects of climate change, but also by a growing interest in its living and non-living resources, its attraction as a new destination for tourism, and as a route for navigation. It is not only the eight Arctic States that have paid an increased level of attention to the region; several non-Arctic actors from Asia and Europe also seek to gain more influence in the High North. At the same time, the evolving law and policy architecture for the Arctic region has recently played a more prominent role in the political and academic debate. Unlike Antarctica, where the coherent Antarctic Treaty System governs international cooperation, the legal regime of Arctic affairs is based on public international law, domestic law, and 'soft law'. These three pillars intersect and interact making Arctic governance multi-faceted and highly complex. This book provides an analytical introduction, a chronology of legally relevant events, and a selection of essential materials covering a wide range of issues-eg delineation and delimitation of maritime boundaries, environmental protection, indigenous peoples' rights, shipping, and fisheries. Included are multilateral and bilateral treaties, UN documents, official statements, informal instruments, domestic laws, and diplomatic correspondence.

Antarctic Security in the Twenty-First Century
Antarctic Security in the Twenty-First Century

Author: Alan D. Hemmings

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2012-11-27

Total Pages: 370

ISBN-13: 1136324755

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The Antarctic Treaty (1959) was adopted for the purpose of bringing peace and stability to Antarctica and to facilitate cooperation in scientific research conducted on and around the continent. It has now been over fifty years since the signing of the treaty, nevertheless security continues to drive and shape the laws and policy regime which governs the region. Antarctic Security in the Twenty-First Century: Legal and Policy Perspectives assess Antarctic security from multiple legal and policy perspectives. This book reviews the existing security construct in Antarctica, critically assesses its status in the early part of the Twenty-First century and considers how Antarctic security may be viewed in both the immediate and distant future. The book assesses emerging new security threats, including the impact of climate change and the issues arising from increased human traffic to Antarctica by scientists, tourists, and mariners. The authors call into question whether the existing Antarctic security construct framed around the Antarctic Treaty remains viable, or whether new Antarctic paradigms are necessary for the future governance of the region. The contributions to this volume engage with a security discourse which has expanded beyond the traditional military domain to include notions of security from the perspective of economics, the environment and bio-security. This book provides a contemporary and innovative approach to Antarctic issues which will be of interest to scholars of international law, international relations, security studies and political science as well as policy makers, lawyers and government officials with an interest in the region.

International Law for Antarctica
International Law for Antarctica

Author: Francesco Francioni

Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 710

ISBN-13: 9789041103642

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The volume is the result of an on-going research project on the Antarctic regime being carried out in various Italian universities and open to the participation of scholars and experts from different countries. Two concomitant factors led to the undertaking of the project: the increasing interest aroused by Antarctica in the scientific community, and the dynamic evolution of the Antarctic question in international law and politics. The result is something different from simply a second edition of a previous book, as it was clear that certain topics required entirely new treatment, especially environmental protection, liability, and institutional development. The editors tried to carefully co-ordinate the 21 individual contributions so as to properly cover the whole range of topics while at the same time preserving the pluralistic character of the book.

Antarctica and the Law of the Sea
Antarctica and the Law of the Sea

Author: Christopher C. Joyner

Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers

Published: 1992-09-17

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 0792318234

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This survey of maritime law as it applies to the Antarctic continent and surrounding seas, includes biogeography, sovereignty, offshore jurisdiction, the continental shelf, environmental protection and conservation, and the legal status of ice shelves, sea ice, icebergs and ice islands.

Antarctica in International Law
Antarctica in International Law

Author: Ben Saul

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2015-04-30

Total Pages: 1136

ISBN-13: 178225885X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Antarctica, one of the world's last great wildernesses, presents special challenges for international law. Fears that Antarctica would become a front in the Cold War catalysed agreement on the 1959 Antarctic Treaty which neither legitimised nor challenged the existing sovereign claims to the continent. The unique Antarctic Treaty System has provided the foundation for peaceful, harmonious and effective governance. There are, however, new anxieties about the frozen continent and the Southern Ocean. Antarctica already feels the effects of climate change and ocean acidification. Claimant states assert rights to the Antarctic continental shelf and interest in Antarctic resources grows. Tourism brings new environmental and safety risks. China and other powers are increasing their activities, with some questioning the consensus of the 'Antarctic club'. Security concerns are increasingly discussed, despite Antarctica's dedication to peaceful purposes. This book brings together the main primary international materials concerning the regulation and governance of Antarctica, including multilateral and bilateral treaties, United Nations materials, 'soft laws' and judicial decisions. It covers the spectrum of Antarctic issues from environmental protection to scientific cooperation to tourism. As it shows, Antarctic law has constantly adapted to meet new challenges and is a sophisticated, inclusive, dynamic and responsive regime.

The Antarctic Treaty Regime
The Antarctic Treaty Regime

Author: Gillian D. Triggs

Publisher:

Published: 1987-07-16

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The Antarctic Treaty regime is a uniquely successful legal system which preserves Antarctica for peaceful purposes and guarantees freedom of scientific research. This volume based on an international conference, examines the legal, political and environmental issues that it raises. After setting the scene of the Antarctic environment, the early chapters discuss the legal issues involved in the Treaty. Later chapters consider protection of the marine environment and the regulation of mineral exploitation. The book concludes with a discussion of Antarctica and its development.

The Antarctic Treaty System
The Antarctic Treaty System

Author: Jeffrey D Myhre

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-07-11

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 1000314642

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Because negotiations for the Antarctic Treaty were kept secret, the issues that shaped the treaty system have been poorly understood. Dr. Myhre breaks new ground by examining the records of the first Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings and evaluating the events of the Special Consultative Meetings on Antarctic Mineral Resources. Introducing the reader to Antarctic politics, Dr. Myhre examines legal and political problems arising from some nations' claims to sovereignty in Antarctica, reviews initial efforts to create an international administration for the region, and studies in detail the terms of the treaty and the rules of procedure for the consultative meetings. Turning to the diplomatic events that molded the treaty system, he concentrates on the issues that emerged in the 1960s: conservation, the role of Meetings of Experts, the position of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research within the treaty system, the obligations of acceding states to uphold previous agreements, and the Consultative Powers' failure to establish an Antarctic Secretariat. Finally, he reviews the two main challenges to the system's survival—mineral extraction and Third World opposition to the present structure.

Governing the Antarctic
Governing the Antarctic

Author: Olav Schram Stokke

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 9780521572378

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

After thirty-five years the regime based on the Antarctic Treaty is more vigorous than ever. Here leading scholars of international law and international relations examine the effectiveness and legitimacy of this regime by asking two questions: are current changes affecting the regime's ability to cope with major problems in the region, and how do those changes affect its standing amongst parties to the Treaty and in the wider international community? Individual chapters deal with the Antarctic regimes for marine living resources, mineral activities, environmental protection, and tourism. Throughout, a keen eye is kept on how those components interact and reinforce each other. This analysis is supported by in-depth studies of compatibility and tension between the Antarctic Treaty System and the international community at large. It also draws upon case studies of how domestic concerns and decision-making in four selected countries affect international co-operation in the Antarctic.