This book discusses the ethical and legal challenges related to innovations, with reference to both scientific research and emerging technologies. It analyzes scientific research with specific reference to experimentation, with a focus on vulnerable people (minors, women, people in developing countries), compassionate care, biobanks and ethical committees. In the context of emerging technologies, it examines the ethical and legal aspects of neuroscience, genomics, ICT, big data, biometrics, converging technologies, enhancement and robotics. The book provides conceptual tools and categories to help readers understand and acquire a critical awareness of the current debates in the field.
This book outlines a number of different perspectives on the relationship between science, technology, and innovation in emerging economies. In it, the authors explore the aforementioned relationship as a pillar of economic development, driving growth in emerging economies. Employing a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach, the authors work to determine the main related factors and outcomes of the relationship between science, technology, and innovation, ultimately seeking to guide public policies to enhance the welfare of the population of an emerging economy.
This volume covers many new trends and developments in food science, including preparation, characterization, morphology, properties, and recyclability. The volume considers food quality, shelf life, and manufacturing in conjunction with human nutrition, diet, and health as well as the ever-growing demand for the supply and production of healthier foods. Distinguished scientists specializing in various disciplines discuss basic studies, applications, recent advances, difficulties, and breakthroughs in the field. The volume includes informative discussions and new research on food formulations, manufacturing techniques, biodegradably flexible packaging, packaged foods, beverages, fruits and vegetable processing, fisheries, milk and milk products, frozen food and thermo processing, grain processing, meat and poultry processing, rheological characteristics of foods, heat exchangers in the food industry, food and health (including natural cures and food supplements), spice and spice processing, and more.
With the perpetual advancements of technology, library and information science professionals are tasked with understanding these technologies and providing accurate and comprehensive information to other potential users. These professionals must develop best practices for understanding these technologies in order to best serve other users. The Handbook of Research on Emerging Trends and Technologies in Library and Information Science is a critical research book that examines advancing technologies and new innovations and their influences on library and information sciences for improved best practices. Featuring an array of topics such as digital libraries, distance education, and information literacy, this publication is essential for librarians, knowledge managers, information retrieval specialists, library and information science professionals, information scientists, researchers, web librarians, academicians, educators, IT specialists, and managers.
Learn and innovate with the latest technologies in nursing and healthcare! The first text of its kind in nursing, this book provides up-to-date information on innovative, smart technologies that nurses can use in clinical and nonclinical settings to keep up with the changing face of healthcare. This compelling guide will provide you with information about exciting areas of technology that have great potential to improve patient care. Subjects include big data, artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented realities, connected technologies, and precision health. There is also discusson of the shift of healthcare delivery into the community, with an outlook on improving outcomes and enhancing practice. Each chapter focuses on developing competency in current and future real-world applications of emerging technologies. Early chapters describe how to utilize new tools, processes, models, and products to serve the quadruple aim of better managing populations, decreasing costs, and enhancing both the patient’s and the clinician’s experience. The culture of innovation coincides with the ever-changing politics of healthcare in later chapters, which then evolves into the entrepreneurial opportunities for nurses. This text is an essential introduction for all practicing nurses, nurse leaders, and nurses teaching health information technology or informatics courses. Key Features: Written by nurses for nurses The latest information on emerging health information technology and associated nursing implications Compelling cases show the dramatic effect of innovations on value-based care Learn how applying novel technologies can improve patient care Qualified instructors have access to supplementary materials, including PowerPoint slides and an Instructor’s Manual
Citizen science, the active participation of the public in scientific research projects, is a rapidly expanding field in open science and open innovation. It provides an integrated model of public knowledge production and engagement with science. As a growing worldwide phenomenon, it is invigorated by evolving new technologies that connect people easily and effectively with the scientific community. Catalysed by citizens’ wishes to be actively involved in scientific processes, as a result of recent societal trends, it also offers contributions to the rise in tertiary education. In addition, citizen science provides a valuable tool for citizens to play a more active role in sustainable development. This book identifies and explains the role of citizen science within innovation in science and society, and as a vibrant and productive science-policy interface. The scope of this volume is global, geared towards identifying solutions and lessons to be applied across science, practice and policy. The chapters consider the role of citizen science in the context of the wider agenda of open science and open innovation, and discuss progress towards responsible research and innovation, two of the most critical aspects of science today.
Innovative and Emerging Technologies in the Bio-marine Food Sector: Applications, Regulations, and Prospects presents the use of technologies and recent advances in the emerging marine food industry. Written by renowned scientists in the field, the book focuses primarily on the principles of application and the main technological developments achieved in recent years. It includes technological design, equipment and applications of these technologies in multiple processes. Extraction, preservation, microbiology and processing of food are extensively covered in the wide context of marine food products, including fish, crustaceans, seafood processing waste, seaweed, microalgae and other derived by-products. This is an interdisciplinary resource that highlights the potential of technology for multiple purposes in the marine food industry as these technological approaches represent a future alternative to develop more efficient industrial processes. Researchers and scientists in the areas of food microbiology, food chemistry, new product development, food processing, food technology, bio-process engineers in marine based industries and scientists in marine related areas will all find this a novel resource. - Presents novel innovative technologies in the Bio-marine food sector, including principles, equipment, advantages, disadvantages, and future technological prospects - Explores multi-purpose uses of technologies for extraction, functional food generation, food preservation, food microbiology and food processing - Provides industrial applications tailored for the marine biological market to foster new innovative applications and regulatory requirements
For the past three-quarters of a century, the United States has led the world in technological innovation and development. The nation now risks falling behind its competitors, principally China. The United States needs to advance a national innovation strategy to ensure it remains the predominant power in a range of emerging technologies. Innovation and National Security: Keeping Our Edge outlines a strategy based on four pillars: restoring federal funding for research and development, attracting and educating a science and technology workforce, supporting technology adoption in the defense sector, and bolstering and scaling technology alliances and ecosystems. Failure could lead to a future in which rivals strengthen their militaries and threaten U.S. security interests, and new innovation centers replace the United States as the source of original ideas and inspiration for the world.
This volume explores the governance and management of science, technology, and innovation (STI) in relation to innovation policy and governance systems, highlighting its goal, challenges, and opportunities. Divided into two sections, it addresses the role of governments in promoting innovation in Latin-American contexts as well as barriers and opportunities for STI governance in the region. The chapters tackle the role of institutions, innovation funding, technological trajectories, regional innovation policies, innovation ecosystems, universities, knowledge appropriation, and markets. Researchers and scholars will find an opportunity to grasp a better understanding of innovation policies in emerging economies. This interdisciplinary work presents original research on science, technology and innovation policy and governance studies in an understudied region.
Explorations of science, technology, and innovation in Africa not as the product of “technology transfer” from elsewhere but as the working of African knowledge. In the STI literature, Africa has often been regarded as a recipient of science, technology, and innovation rather than a maker of them. In this book, scholars from a range of disciplines show that STI in Africa is not merely the product of “technology transfer” from elsewhere but the working of African knowledge. Their contributions focus on African ways of looking, meaning-making, and creating. The chapter authors see Africans as intellectual agents whose perspectives constitute authoritative knowledge and whose strategic deployment of both endogenous and inbound things represents an African-centered notion of STI. “Things do not (always) mean the same from everywhere,” observes Clapperton Chakanetsa Mavhunga, the volume's editor. Western, colonialist definitions of STI are not universalizable. The contributors discuss topics that include the trivialization of indigenous knowledge under colonialism; the creative labor of chimurenga, the transformation of everyday surroundings into military infrastructure; the role of enslaved Africans in America as innovators and synthesizers; the African ethos of “fixing”; the constitutive appropriation that makes mobile technologies African; and an African innovation strategy that builds on domestic capacities. The contributions describe an Africa that is creative, technological, and scientific, showing that African STI is the latest iteration of a long process of accumulative, multicultural knowledge production. Contributors Geri Augusto, Shadreck Chirikure, Chux Daniels, Ron Eglash, Ellen Foster, Garrick E. Louis, D. A. Masolo, Clapperton Chakanetsa Mavhunga, Neda Nazemi, Toluwalogo Odumosu, Katrien Pype, Scott Remer
