Deep Inelastic Positron-Proton Scattering in the High-Momentum-Transfer Regime of HERA
Deep Inelastic Positron-Proton Scattering in the High-Momentum-Transfer Regime of HERA

Author: Ulrich F. Katz

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2003-07-01

Total Pages: 243

ISBN-13: 354045019X

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About three decades after the first experiments on deep inelastic lepton hadron scattering began to investigate the structure of hadrons, the history of this fruitful field of particle physics continues in the broad spectrum of research performed at the electron and positron proton collider HERA at DESY, where the multipurpose detectors ZEUS and H1 access ep scattering at a center of mass energy of 300 GeV and explore as yet uncharted kinematic realms of deep inelastic scattering. After the first years of data taking at HERA, each of the experiments has collected a total of roughly 40 pb 1 of e+p data, yielding sensitivity to deep inelastic e+p interactions at high four momentum transfers, Q2, where typi cal cross sections drop into the subpicobarn regime. This kinematic domain is characterized by electroweak unification, manifesting itself most markedly in the neutral and charged current cross sections, which approach an equal order of magnitude as Q2 rises above the square of the W and Z masses. Consequently, HERA allows, for the first time, studies of both types of pro cesses simultaneously with the same initial state conditions and in the same detector, and thus we can investigate the interplay of electroweak and strong forces governing the respective cross sections.

Development of a Reference Database for Particle Induced Gamma Ray Emission (PIGE) Spectroscopy
Development of a Reference Database for Particle Induced Gamma Ray Emission (PIGE) Spectroscopy

Author: International Atomic Energy Agency

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789201063175

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Ion beam analysis techniques are non-destructive analytical techniques used to identify the composition and structure of surface layers of materials. The applications of these techniques span environmental control, cultural heritage and conservation, materials and fusion technologies. The particle-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE) spectroscopy technique in particular, is a powerful tool for detecting light elements in certain depths of surface layers. This publication describes the coordinated effort to measure and compile cross section data relevant to PIGE analysis and make these data available to the community of practice through a comprehensive online database.

Cryostat Design
Cryostat Design

Author: J.G. Weisend II

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-08-12

Total Pages: 293

ISBN-13: 3319311506

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This book enables the reader to learn the fundamental and applied aspects of practical cryostat design by examining previous design choices and resulting cryostat performance. Through a series of extended case studies the book presents an overview of existing cryostat design covering a wide range of cryostat types and applications, including the magnet cryostats that comprise the majority of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, space-borne cryostats containing sensors operating below 1 K, and large cryogenic liquid storage vessels. It starts with an introductory section on the principles of cryostat design including practical data and equations. This section is followed by a series of case studies on existing cryostats, describing the specific requirements of the cryostat, the challenges involved and the design choices made along with the resulting performance of the cryostat. The cryostat examples used in the studies are chosen to cover a broad range of cryostat applications and the authors of each case are leading experts in the field, most of whom participated in the design of the cryostats being described. The concluding chapter offers an overview of lessons learned and summarises some key hints and tips for practical cryostat design. The book will help the reader to expand their knowledge of many disciplines required for good cryostat design, including the cryogenic properties of materials, heat transfer and thermal insulation, instrumentation, safety, structures and seals.

Applications of Research Reactors
Applications of Research Reactors

Author: International Atomic Energy Agency

Publisher: International Atomic Energy Agency

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 108

ISBN-13: 9789201450104

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This publication is a comprehensive study that reviews the current situation in a great number of applications of research reactors. It revises the contents of IAEA TECDOC-1234, The Applications of Research Reactors, giving detailed updates on each field of research reactor uses worldwide. Reactors of all sizes and capabilities can benefit from the sharing of current practices and research enabled via this updated version, which describes the requirements for practicing methods as diverse as neutron activation analysis, education and training, neutron scattering and neutron imaging, silicon doping and radioisotope production, material/fuel irradiation and testing, and some others. Many underutilised research reactors can learn how to diversify their technical capabilities, staff and potential commercial partners and users seeking research reactor services and products. The content of the publication has also been strengthened in terms of current issues facing the vast majority of research reactors by including sections describing user and customer relations as well as strategic planning considerations.

Deep Inelastic Scattering
Deep Inelastic Scattering

Author: Robin Devenish

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2011-04-28

Total Pages: 418

ISBN-13: 0191621951

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This book provides an up-to-date, self-contained account of deep inelastic scattering in high-energy physics, intended for graduate students and physicists new to the subject. It covers the classic results which led to the quark-parton model of hadrons and the establishment of quantum chromodynamics as the theory of the strong nuclear force, in addition to new vistas in the subject opened up by the electron-proton collider HERA. The extraction of parton momentum distribution functions, a key input for physics at hadron colliders such as the Tevatron at Fermi Lab and the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, is described in detail. The challenges of the HERA data at 'low x' are described and possible explanations in terms of gluon dynamics and other models outlined. Other chapters cover: jet production at large momentum transfer and the determination of the strong coupling constant, electroweak interactions at very high momentum transfers, the extension of deep inelastic techniques to include hadronic probes, a summary of fully polarised inelastic scattering and the spin structure of the nucleon, and finally a brief account of methods in searching for signals 'beyond the standard model'.

Neutron Resonance Parameters
Neutron Resonance Parameters

Author: Herwig Schopper

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-09-14

Total Pages: 5078

ISBN-13: 3540878653

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Parameters of neutron resonances are finding increasing interest, not only for scientific problems like the understanding of astrophysical processes but even more so for applications. For the construction and the safety of conventional nuclear reactors such data are essential and for new developments like the thorium-uranium cycle or for nuclear waste transmutation they are indispensible. Since the last publication of neutron resonance parameters at Landolt-Börnstein in 2004, the quality and precision of the data has been considerably improved, partly by the operation of new neutron spectrometers, e.g., the CERN time-of-flight facility recently put into operation and also by the use of new carefully designed neutron capture detectors. Volume I/24 contains neutron resonance parameters for the nuclear levels of 356 nuclei with Z ranging from 1 to 98 compiled by two eminent experts in the field. Again a considerable effort was made in comparing data from different sources in order to solve some previous discrepancies and establish 'best values', one of the main characteristics of Landoldt- Börnstein publications. In order to compare the data from different sources a comparison of the various experimental installations has been given. In view of the large amount of data the parameters for only the most important resonances are given in the printed version. However, the data for all resonances are available online at www.springerlink.com (DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-87866-7). Neutron resonance parameters of many nuclei were previously published by Landolt-Börnstein in Volumes I/16B and I/16C.