Providing a comprehensive interdisciplinary assessment, and with a particular focus on expressions of tension and anxiety about modernity, this collection examines visual culture in nineteenth-century Europe as it attempted to redefine itself in the face of social change and new technologies. Contributing scholars from the fields of history, art, literature and the history of science investigate the role of visual representation and the dominance of the image by looking at changing ideas expressed in representations of science, technology, politics, and culture in advertising, art, periodicals, and novels. They investigate how, during the period, new emphasis was placed on the visual with emerging forms of mass communication?photography, lithography, newspapers, advertising, and cinema?while older forms as varied as poetry, the novel, painting, interior decoration, and architecture became transformed. The volume includes investigations into new innovations and scientific development such as the steam engine, transportation and engineering, the microscope, "spirit photography," and the orrery, as well as how this new technology is reproduced in illustrated periodicals. The essays also look at more traditional forms of creative expression to show that the same concerns and anxieties about science, technology and the changing perceptions of the natural world can be seen in the art of Armand Guillaumin, Auguste Rodin, Gustave Caillebotte, and Camille Pissarro, in colonial nineteenth-century novels, in design manuals, in museums, and in the decorations of domestic interior spaces. Visions of the Industrial Age, 1830-1914 offers a thorough exploration of both the nature of modernity, and the nature of the visual.
The Mass Image situates the creation of the first photographically illustrated magazines within the social relations of the emerging popular culture of late Victorian London. It demonstrates how photomechanical reproduction allowed the illustrated press to envisage modern life on a much more intense scale than ever before.
How important were Sioux authors such as Charles Eastman in the opinion of the writer responsible for Black Elk Speaks? What will be the legacy of modern poetry according to the poet behind The Cycle of the West? Knowledge and Opinion offers an unparalleled glimpse into the social and literary thought of John G. Neihardt (1881?1973), one of America's most celebrated poets and authors. A wealth of little-known essays and reviews deepen and round out our appreciation for the accomplishments of Neihardt by revealing his no-nonsense opinions about noted literary figures and trends, events, and social issues of his day. Featured in these pages are Neihardt's views of such literary giants as F. Scott Fitzgerald, Robert Frost, H. G. Wells, e. e. Cummings, Dorothy Parker, Ernest Hemingway, Ezra Pound, Eugene O'Neill, and Upton Sinclair. The contributions of Sigmund Freud, anthropologist Paul Radin, and modern philosophers like Bertrand Russell do not escape his sweeping gaze. In their entirety, these essays showcase Neihardt's perspectives and opinions on a wide range of subjects and issues, including modern poetry, the qualities of great literature, twentieth-century trends in writing and literary criticism, the defining characteristics of Western civilization, the literatures and cultures of Native Americans, the lost world of the Old West, economic turmoil in the Great Depression, and the enduring power of classical thought. This rich archive of essays and reviews will surprise, delight, and provoke those who thought they already knew John G. Neihardt.
Bruce Hastie, a young, naive Scottish engineer, comes to live in a London flat while he works as a graduate apprentice in a turbine factory. It is 1958. He has two contrasting flat-mates, selected by a special agency, a disillusioned actor, Benjamin Garrick, and a rough, crude washing machine salesman, Edward Flunk, also known as Skunk. Bruce starts work at General Turbines Limited in the smoke, grime and heat of the foundry. One lunch-break he finds his chargehand boss, a huge, strong, Yorkshireman nicknamed Heavy, reading and enjoying some Dylan Thomas poetry. This is a paradox that mystifies the class-conscious Bruce whom Heavy brands as an intellectual snob. Heavy expounds on his soapbox that the arts have been kept away from the working class, that they and society at large need saving from rampant materialism and its attendant viciousness by a good dose of the spiritual values that only poetry, art, theatre and classical music can offer. Then follows two chapters that develop the character of Skunk and Benjamin. Skunk, a self-appointed sexual conqueror of women, has the tables turned on him when he encounters an educated, beautiful but unbalanced seductress when called to fix her washing machine that supposedly has electrocuted her dog. Benjamin is sent home sick from rehearsal, accompanied by fellow actor Sally Frinton-Jones. His malaise is psychological for he is disillusioned by the theatre and his performance in it. By this time, Heavy has Bruce believing in his ideas about the need to educate the common masses in the arts. Benjamin, also a convert to Heavy’s “renaissance” through Bruce’s dogmatism, cannot persuade Sally of the practicality of those ideas. Bruce goes into action by piping Beethoven’s 5th Symphony into the motor assembly shop at General Turbines where 300 women work. The music is well received but when his report on allowing the foundryworkers time off to listen to writers, actors and poets is read by the crass managing director, Mr. Crumhorn, Bruce is fired on the spot. Undaunted, Bruce, Benjamin and fifteen members of the arts world are smuggled into the factory and, along with Heavy, begin teaching the foundryworkers the elements and meaning of theatre, music and poetry. At a de-briefing after this first experiment it is deemed a total failure by all except Heavy who urges continuance and patience with what has been started. Bruce runs out of money and needs a job so he buys a taxi and pumps beer in a local pub. By now he is friendly with Sally, and one night, while driving her to rehearsal, they make a detour to track Skunk around Soho. He makes a subterranean disappearance into a strip joint. Bruce and Sally follow but only find Monique of the Louvre doing her erotic show. Bruce, as expected, registers his disgust but follows Monique to the dressing area and there finds Skunk who turns out to be the proprietor of the establishment. Bruce unbends a little and ends up taking Monique, real name Penelope Scragg, back to her seedy flat. As when he first found Heavy reading poetry in the foundry, he is surprised again when Monique plays him her favorite piece of music, Mozart’s Eine Kleine Nachtmusik. Bruce begins to see Penelope with different eyes and he and Heavy take her to a concert at the Royal Festival Hall. She learns of the Renaissance Group’s activities and is highly amused until Bruce wants her to join the group. He wants her and Skunk to soften the degrading aspects of the strip joint by requiring its customers to enter an adjoining room after the performance and receive “spiritual” renewal in the guise of poetry, music and art. Penelope laughs her head off but Skunk smells money in it and gives it a try. Love blooms between Sally and Benjamin, and they decide to get married. Bruce’s relationship with Penelope deepens, and all is going well with the artistic education of
V.1: Contains transcripts of certain House Foreign Affairs Committee executive session hearings. Transcribed hearings are. a. International peace-keeping agency participation by U.S. June 8, 11, 1943. p. 19-70. Includes discussions of views of British Prime Minister Winston S. Churchill and of U.S. public opinion on such participation. b. Briefing on U.N. Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) draft agreement. July 7, 1943. p. 75-99. Includes discussions of development of multi-national war relief planning by European governments-in-exile and use of lend-lease program funds for European economic war relief. c. Italy in UNRRA aid programs. July 10, 1945. p. 101-119. Includes discussions of possible Italian economic collapse and UNRRA funding. d. U.N. participation by U.S. Dec. 7, 10-12, 1945. p. 123-211. Includes consideration of invitation to locate U.N. headquarters in U.S. e. Procurement of supplies for U.N. and other international organizations by U.S. July 14, 1947. p. 215-242. f. U.N. headquarters agreement on future N.Y.C. location and granting of certain reciprocal diplomatic privileges. July 19, 1947. p. 243-268. g. Resolution welcoming Italy's WWII liberation. Oct. 19, 1943. p. 367-382. Includes discussion of impact of resolution on U.S. relations with other wartime adversaries of Italy. h. Diplomatic relations with Italy. June 13, 1944. p. 383-392. i. Italy invited to become a U.N. member. July 10, 1945. p. 393-400. v.2: Contains transcripts of certain House Foreign Affairs Committee executive session hearings. Transcribed hearings are. a. Discussion of rescue and relief of European Jews from Nazi persecution by an international organization. Nov. 19, 23, 24, 26, Dec. 2, 1943. p. 1-247. Includes discussions of Allies' policies on Nazi genocide program, role of neutral nations in assisting Jewish and other war refugees, U.S. quotas on European and Jewish immigration, British policies on Jewish immigration to Palestine, and Allied programs for war refugee relief. c. Discussion of Jewish homeland and unrestricted immigration rights in Palestine state. Dec. 17, 1945. p. 295-361. Includes discussions of British and U.S. commitment to Balfour Declaration principles, political activities and objectives of Zionist organizations in Palestine, and European Jewish war refugee problems. d. Lend-Lease military air program extension. Feb. 8, 13, 1945. p. 383-391. Includes discussion of French and Soviet participation in the program. e. War criminals apprehension and punishment. Apr. 24, 1945. p. 413-428. Includes discussions of U.N. War Crimes Commission authority and jurisdiction, U.S. policies on apprehension of alleged war criminals in neutral countries, and the relationship between Congress and State Dept in war crime affairs. f. Eastern Europe, Soviet Union, and Middle East travel reports by Reps. Karl E. Mundt and Frances P. Bolton to U.S. military intelligence officers. Nov. 9, 1945. p. 437-463. Includes discussions of Soviet life, Soviet use of Allied Control Commission occupation authority in Eastern Europe, East European Jewish immigration to Palestine and anti-Semitism in Soviet Union and Poland, Arab anti-Zionism and Arab-Jewish tensions in Palestine; Yugoslav, Greek, and Turkish political affairs; British, French, and Soviet roles in Middle East, and the role of women in Saudi Arabia. g. German industrial plant dismantlement. Dec. 4, 16, 1947. p. 499-548. Includes discussion of German economic recovery and impact of industrial plant dismantlement and war reparations program, Inter-Allied Reparations Agency policies, and Soviet cooperation in war reparations and industrial plant dismantlement programs. v.5: Contains transcripts of House Foreign Affairs Committee and joint House-Senate conference committee executive sessions on the Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949. July 29, Aug. 3-5, 9-12, 15, Sept. 26, 27, 1949. v.6: Contains transcripts of House Foreign Affairs Committee executive session hearings. Transcribed hearings are. a. Mutual Defense Assistance Program of 1950. June 8, 9, 13, 14, 22, 1950. p. 7-179. Includes discussions of European mutual defense programs coordination and strategic production facilities aid requirements, Greek political affairs, and former WWII Axis powers rearmament. b. Testimony before a joint meeting with House Armed Services Committee by Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower on European defense and military strategy programs. June 2, 1951. p. 267-302. c. Aid to Greece and Turkey. Mar. 25, 26, Apr. 11, 1947. p. 317-415. Includes discussions of communist guerrilla and revolutionary activities in Greece; Yugoslavian, Bulgarian, Albanian, and Soviet support for Greek communist activities; British role in Greek affairs; Soviet demands on Turkey for certain border areas and military bases at the Dardanelles; and political stability of Turkish government. d. Latin American Military Assistance. June 18, July 10, 1947. p. 471-570. Includes discussion of Canadian-U.S. mutual defense programs. v.7: Contains transcripts of certain House Foreign Affairs Committee executive session hearings. Transcribed hearings are. a. Philippine military aid program. June 7, 1946. p. 11-33. b. Nationalist China military aid program. June 19, 26, 1946. p. 109-142. Includes discussions of support for Nationalist Chinese in civil war against Communist forces, possible conflict of aid program with U.N. Charter provisions, and repatriation of Japanese forces still in China. c. Nationalist China aid provisions for Foreign Assistance Act. Feb. 20, Mar. 5, 9, 10, 1948. p. 159-268. Includes discussions of extent of Nationalist Chinese economic and military aid requirements due to civil war against Communist forces, military competency of Nationalist Chinese Armed Forces, Soviet activities in China, parallels between Greek and Chinese aid and political affairs, and economic aid programs for Japan, Korea, and Ryukyu Islands. d. Nationalist China economic aid and rural development programs. Mar. 4, 14, 15, 25, 28, 1949. p. 343-468. Includes discussions of loss of Nationalist Chinese control over much of mainland China to Communist forces, effectiveness of proposed programs for non-Communist controlled areas in strengthening Nationalist Chinese military and political position, and possibility of a coalition Nationalist-Communist government being organized. e. Briefing on final loss of Nationalist Chinese control over mainland China to Communist forces. Apr. 6, 1949. p. 497-534. v.8: Contains transcripts of House Foreign Affairs Committee executive session hearings. Transcribed hearings are. a. Korea Assistance Acts. June 16, 17, 20-24, 30, 1949. p. 19-326. Includes discussion of communist control in China and U.S. aid policies impact on communist expansion in Asia, withdrawal of U.S. forces from South Korea and military threat from North Korea, Soviet and communist Chinese relations with North Korean government, and parallels between U.S. aid programs to Greece with those to Nationalist China and South Korea. Also includes briefing on a Paris conference of British, French, Soviet and U.S. Foreign Ministers on European affairs. b. Mutual Defense Assistance Programs, 1950. June 20, 1950. p. 462-515. Focuses on aid to Philippines and Taiwan.
