The WTO and India's Pharmaceuticals Industry
The WTO and India's Pharmaceuticals Industry

Author: Sudip Chaudhuri

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13:

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The establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 brought about significant changes in international economic relations between countries. To comply with the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement of the WTO, India introduced product patent protection in pharmaceuticals from January 2005. TRIPS has generated a huge controversy in India and abroad. India has emerged as a major source of low-cost, quality drugs for the entire world and thus plays an important role. While there are a large number of pharmaceutical manufacturers in the world, only a handful of multinationals dominate the industry. By using patent rights, multinational companies prevented developing countries like India from realizing their potential of industrial growth and drug prices were among the highest in the world.

India and the Patent Wars
India and the Patent Wars

Author: Murphy Halliburton

Publisher: Cornell University Press

Published: 2017-11-15

Total Pages: 241

ISBN-13: 1501713981

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India and the Patent Wars contributes to an international debate over the costs of medicine and restrictions on access under stringent patent laws showing how activists and drug companies in low-income countries seize agency and exert influence over these processes. Murphy Halliburton contributes to analyses of globalization within the fields of anthropology, sociology, law, and public health by drawing on interviews and ethnographic work with pharmaceutical producers in India and the United States. India has been at the center of emerging controversies around patent rights related to pharmaceutical production and local medical knowledge. Halliburton shows that Big Pharma is not all-powerful, and that local activists and practitioners of ayurveda, India’s largest indigenous medical system, have been able to undermine the aspirations of multinational companies and the WTO. Halliburton traces how key drug prices have gone down, not up, in low-income countries under the new patent regime through partnerships between US- and India-based companies, but warns us to be aware of access to essential medicines in low- and middle-income countries going forward.

Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade
Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade

Author: World Intellectual Property Organization

Publisher: WIPO

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 259

ISBN-13: 9280523082

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This study has emerged from an ongoing program of trilateral cooperation between WHO, WTO and WIPO. It responds to an increasing demand, particularly in developing countries, for strengthened capacity for informed policy-making in areas of intersection between health, trade and IP, focusing on access to and innovation of medicines and other medical technologies.

The Efficiency and Productivity of Indian Pharmaceutical Companies
The Efficiency and Productivity of Indian Pharmaceutical Companies

Author: Aas Mohammad

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2019-09-24

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 1527540391

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This book evaluates the performance of the Indian pharmaceutical industry, which plays an important role in economic development. It highlights the role the government has had in facilitating the growth of the industry from non-existence, before the 1970s, to being one of the largest pharmaceutical industries in the world today. The text employs various useful techniques to provide an understanding of productivity and efficiency, such as data envelopment analysis, stochastic frontier analysis, the Malmquist Productivity Index and the Hicks-Moorsteen Productivity Index. The book will be useful to health administrators, students of public policy, and health economists with an interest in the pharmaceutical sector.

Pharmaceutical Industry and Public Policy in Post-reform India
Pharmaceutical Industry and Public Policy in Post-reform India

Author: Reji K. Joseph

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-07-24

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 1317408837

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This book examines the impact of economic reforms in India on the pharmaceutical industry and access to medicines. It traces the changing production and trade pattern of the industry, research and development (R&D) preferences and strategies of Indian pharmaceutical firms, patent system alongside pricing policy measures and their shortcomings. It also analyses the public health financing system in India driven largely by out-of-pocket expenditure — about 60 per cent — and characterised by very high share of medicines in total health expenditure. A masterful insight into a topical area, the work will be indispensable to those working on pharmaceutical industry and public policy. It will be of interest to researchers, scholars, students, and policy-makers of economics, industrial policy, public policy, intellectual property rights and health financing.

Beyond the Transition Phase of WTO
Beyond the Transition Phase of WTO

Author: Dipankar Sengupta

Publisher: Academic Foundation

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 702

ISBN-13: 9788171885107

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Contributed articles on commercial policy and trade regulation in India in light of WTO policy.

Innovation and Global Competitiveness
Innovation and Global Competitiveness

Author: N.S. Siddharthan

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-10-02

Total Pages: 155

ISBN-13: 1317383710

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In the post-liberalization period, India has slowly but steadily tried to foster innovation to improve competitive efficiency of Indian manufacturing and thus boost global competitiveness of the industrial sector. Foreign direct investment was looked upon as a major source of technology paradigm shift; in recent times, industrial firms have been investing overseas, even in countries to which they used to export, based on their technological capabilities. Firms in Indian manufacturing industries have also attempted to bring about technological upgrades through imports of design and drawings (disembodied technology) against lump sum, royalty and technical knowhow fees, and imports of capital machinery (embodied technology) where the technology is embodied in the capital good itself. This volume comprises empirical contributions on this emerging phenomenon, on a range of issues including the role of R&D; mergers, acquisitions and technological efforts; technological determinants of competitive advantages; the role of small and medium enterprises and regional patterns; technological efforts and global operations; and the role of industrial clusters in promoting innovation and competitiveness. This book was originally published as a special issue of Innovation and Development.

The WTO at the Crossroads
The WTO at the Crossroads

Author: Paramita Dasgupta

Publisher: Concept Publishing Company

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 9788180694431

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Dealing with key issues that have assumed importance in India's international trade scenario in recent years; papers presented at a workshop held at Hyderabad, India.

Performance of Pharmaceutical Companies in India
Performance of Pharmaceutical Companies in India

Author: Mainak Mazumdar

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-10-19

Total Pages: 215

ISBN-13: 3790828750

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This book explains how government support and institutional set up facilitated the evolution of the Indian pharmaceutical industry and provides an economic analysis of firm strategies due to recent policy changes. The book is useful for researchers interested in understanding the transition of a lifeline sector for an emerging economy like India. Students of public policy, health administrators and health economists who are interested in the functioning of the pharmaceutical sector that produces life saving drugs in developing nations will find this book useful. The book also provides good coverage on data envelopment analysis (DEA), a useful technique for understanding productivity and efficiency. It can provide guidance to the research students on the applicability of DEA technique to address various research questions for analysis. The book will be a valuable addition to libraries in colleges of pharmacy and medicine as well as to all other academic and research centers.