In Vitro Mutagenesis
In Vitro Mutagenesis

Author: Andrew Reeves

Publisher: Humana

Published: 2016-10-06

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781493964703

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In vitro mutagenesis remains a critical experimental approach for investigating gene and protein function at the cellular level. This volume provides a wide variety of updated and novel approaches for performing in vitro mutagenesis using such methods as genome editing, transposon (Tn) mutagenesis, site-directed, and random mutagenesis. In Vitro Mutagenesis: Methods and Protocols guides readers through methods for gene and genome editing, practical bioinformatics approaches for identifying mutagenesis targets, and novel site-directed and random mutagenesis approaches aimed at gaining a better understanding of protein-protein and protein-cofactor interactions. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, In Vitro Mutagenesis: Methods and Protocols aims to provide a highly accessible and practical manual for current and future molecular biology researchers, from the beginner practitioner to the advanced investigator in fields such as molecular genetics, biochemistry, and biochemical and metabolic engineering.

Somaclonal Variation and Induced Mutations in Crop Improvement
Somaclonal Variation and Induced Mutations in Crop Improvement

Author: S.M. Jain

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-14

Total Pages: 615

ISBN-13: 9401591253

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Genetic variability is an important parameter for plant breeders in any con ventional crop improvement programme. Very often the desired variation is un available in the right combination, or simply does not exist at all. However, plant breeders have successfully recombined the desired genes from cultivated crop gerrnplasm and related wild species by sexual hybridization, and have been able to develop new cultivars with desirable agronomie traits, such as high yield, disease, pest, and drought resistance. So far, conventional breeding methods have managed to feed the world's ever-growing population. Continued population growth, no further scope of expanding arable land, soil degradation, environ mental pollution and global warrning are causes of concern to plant biologists and planners. Plant breeders are under continuous pressure to improve and develop new cultivars for sustainable food production. However, it takes several years to develop a new cultivar. Therefore, they have to look for new technologies, which could be combined with conventional methods to create more genetic variability, and reduce the time in developing new cultivars, with early-maturity, and improved yield. The first report on induced mutation of a gene by HJ. Muller in 1927 was a major mi1estone in enhancing variation, and also indicated the potential applica tions of mutagenesis in plant improvement. Radiation sources, such as X-rays, gamma rays and fast neutrons, and chemical mutagens (e. g. , ethyl methane sulphonate) have been widely used to induce mutations.

Protocols for Micropropagation of Woody Trees and Fruits
Protocols for Micropropagation of Woody Trees and Fruits

Author: S.Mohan Jain

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-09-18

Total Pages: 548

ISBN-13: 1402063520

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Micropropagation has become a reliable and routine approach for large-scale rapid plant multiplication, which is based on plant cell, tissue and organ culture on well defined tissue culture media under aseptic conditions. A lot of research efforts are being made to develop and refine micropropagation methods and culture media for large-scale plant multiplication of several number of plant species. However, many forest and fruit tree species still remain recalcitrant to in vitro culture and require highly specific culture conditions for plant growth and development. The recent challenges on plant cell cycle regulation and the presented potential molecular mechanisms of recalcitrance are providing excellent background for understanding on totipotency and what is more development of micropropagation protocols. For large-scale in vitro plant production the important attributes are the quality, cost effectiveness, maintenance of genetic fidelity, and long-term storage. The need for appropriate in vitro plant regeneration methods for woody plants, including both forest and fruit trees, is still overwhelming in order to overcome problems facing micropropagation such as somaclonal variation, recalcitrant rooting, hyperhydricity, polyphenols, loss of material during hardening and quality of plant material. Moreover, micropropagation may be utilized, in basic research, in production of virus-free planting material, cryopreservation of endangered and elite woody species, applications in tree breeding and reforestation.

In Vitro Mutagenesis Protocols
In Vitro Mutagenesis Protocols

Author: Michael K. Trower

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 412

ISBN-13:

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In In Vitro Mutagenesis Protocols leading experts from industrial and academic laboratories describe easily reproducible procedures for site-directed and random mutagenesis. Site-directed protocols include those based on strand-selection, PCR (including "splicing by overlap extension" and the "megaprimer" procedure), the ligase chain reaction, positive antibiotic selection, unique restriction site elimination, gapped heteroduplex formation, and solid-phase capture with the biotin/ strepavidin system. Many techniques can be used with virtually any double-stranded DNA plasmid. The random mutagenesis protocols include methods based on PCR, degenerate oligonucleotides, cassette mutagenesis, nested deletion mutagenesis, and a specialized E. coli mutator strain. These invaluable protocols facilitate the study of gene regulation and structure/function relationships in proteins and permit modification of DNA sequences for purposes such as vector construction.

Mutagenicity: Assays and Applications
Mutagenicity: Assays and Applications

Author: Ashutosh Kumar

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2017-09-26

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 0128092602

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Mutagenicity: Assays and Applications presents an extensive examination of the detection, assessment and future of mutagenicity, particularly as it concerns human health and the environment. Chapters focused on specific types of mutagens or testing methods for their detection collectively explore the current state of human and environmental mutagenesis, future perspectives and regulatory needs. The test procedures for measuring mutagenicity, their advantages and limitations are described with practical and procedural detail, along with their presentation and data processing aspects. It is an essential reference covering the breadth and depth of the field of mutagenicity studies and regulation. By providing both important introductory material and practical assays and applications, this book is useful to graduate students, academic and industry researchers and regulators at various stages of their careers, leading to improved risk assessment and regulation. - Presents an up-to-date and in-depth review of the current state of mutagenesis research - Draws upon the combined experience and expertise of an international group of highly respected editors and chapter authors - Provides an introduction to the concept of mutagenesis with particular consideration given to novel chemicals and materials

Biotechnologies for Plant Mutation Breeding
Biotechnologies for Plant Mutation Breeding

Author: Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-12-08

Total Pages: 343

ISBN-13: 3319450212

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This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. This book offers 19 detailed protocols on the use of induced mutations in crop breeding and functional genomics studies, which cover topics including chemical and physical mutagenesis, phenotypic screening methods, traditional TILLING and TILLING by sequencing, doubled haploidy, targeted genome editing, and low-cost methods for the molecular characterization of mutant plants that are suitable for laboratories in developing countries. The collection of protocols equips users with the techniques they need in order to start a program on mutation breeding or functional genomics using both forward and reverse-genetic approaches. Methods are provided for seed and vegetatively propagated crops (e.g. banana, barley, cassava, jatropha, rice) and can be adapted for use in other species.

Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods
Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2004-07-08

Total Pages: 254

ISBN-13: 0309166152

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Assists policymakers in evaluating the appropriate scientific methods for detecting unintended changes in food and assessing the potential for adverse health effects from genetically modified products. In this book, the committee recommended that greater scrutiny should be given to foods containing new compounds or unusual amounts of naturally occurring substances, regardless of the method used to create them. The book offers a framework to guide federal agencies in selecting the route of safety assessment. It identifies and recommends several pre- and post-market approaches to guide the assessment of unintended compositional changes that could result from genetically modified foods and research avenues to fill the knowledge gaps.

In Vitro Mutagenesis Protocols
In Vitro Mutagenesis Protocols

Author: Jeff Braman

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-02-05

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13: 1592591949

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Hands-on researchers with proven track records describe in stepwise fashion their advanced mutagenesis techniques. The contributors focus on improvements to conventional site-directed mutagenesis, including a chapter on chemical site-directed mutagenesis, PCR-based mutagenesis and the modifications that allow high throughput mutagenesis experiments, and mutagenesis based on gene disruption (both in vitro- and in situ-based). Additional methods are provided for in vitro gene evolution; for gene disruption based on recombination, transposon, and casette mutagenesis; and for facilitating the introduction of multiple mutations. Time-tested and highly practical, the protocols in In Vitro Mutagenesis Protocols, 2nd Edition offer today's molecular biologists reliable and powerful techniques with which to illuminate the proteome.

Manual on MUTATION BREEDING THIRD EDITION
Manual on MUTATION BREEDING THIRD EDITION

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2018-10-09

Total Pages: 319

ISBN-13: 9251305269

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This paper provides guidelines for new high-throughput screening methods – both phenotypic and genotypic – to enable the detection of rare mutant traits, and reviews techniques for increasing the efficiency of crop mutation breeding.

Mutagenesis
Mutagenesis

Author: N. B. Tomlekova

Publisher: Brill Wageningen Academic

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789086862443

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In the present era various international organizations, such as FAO, UNO, IAEA, FNCA, etc., have unanimously agreed that millions of people in both developing and developed countries are not only facing a shortage of food, but also non-availability of nutrients. The main reason put forward by these agencies is that there is less genetic diversity prevalent in the major crops, which has been further diminished since the inception of conventional plant breeding. Since the first decade of the last century the mutation breeding approach has been pivotal in enhancing the genetic diversity of crops, thereby enriching the genetic pool. `Mutagenesis: exploring genetic diversity of crops¿ describes the latest achievements in mutation breeding, with a particular focus on the development of novel mutant varieties and F1 hybrids of crops highly superior to the parental ones. The book details experimental as well as literary studies of induced mutagenesis and its role in developing the new potent varieties. The book will be useful for agricultural policy making authorities in countries of agricultural importance, scientific researchers, breeders, teachers and students keen to use mutation breeding and to explore its hidden potential to secure food and nutrient availability for the growing world population.