Provides a state-of-the-art treatment on SiC growth, material characterization, device processing, and device fabrication. Covers silicon carbide bulk crystal and epitaxial growth, characterization methods, devices, novel technologies, and expert views on future outlook and key challenges ahead. Addresses their applications in high-power and high-temperature devices, especially those used in power electronics and microelectronic systems. Includes contributions from major groups and national initiatives around the world. Intended for a broad audience, covering the fundamental science and state-of-the-art applications of SiC science and technology.
This handbook presents the key properties of silicon carbide (SiC), the power semiconductor for the 21st century. It describes related technologies, reports the rapid developments and achievements in recent years, and discusses the remaining challenging issues in the field. The book consists of 15 chapters, beginning with a chapter by Professor W. J. Choyke, the leading authority in the field, and is divided into four sections. The topics include presolar SiC history, vapor-liquid-solid growth, spectroscopic investigations of 3C-SiC/Si, developments and challenges in the 21st century; CVD principles and techniques, homoepitaxy of 4H-SiC, cubic SiC grown on 4H-SiC, SiC thermal oxidation processes and MOS interface, Raman scattering, NIR luminescent studies, Mueller matrix ellipsometry, Raman microscopy and imaging, 4H-SiC UV photodiodes, radiation detectors, and short wavelength and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. This comprehensive work provides a strong contribution to the engineering, materials, and basic science knowledge of the 21st century, and will be of interest to material growers, designers, engineers, scientists, postgraduate students, and entrepreneurs.
A comprehensive introduction and up-to-date reference to SiC power semiconductor devices covering topics from material properties to applications Based on a number of breakthroughs in SiC material science and fabrication technology in the 1980s and 1990s, the first SiC Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) were released as commercial products in 2001. The SiC SBD market has grown significantly since that time, and SBDs are now used in a variety of power systems, particularly switch-mode power supplies and motor controls. SiC power MOSFETs entered commercial production in 2011, providing rugged, high-efficiency switches for high-frequency power systems. In this wide-ranging book, the authors draw on their considerable experience to present both an introduction to SiC materials, devices, and applications and an in-depth reference for scientists and engineers working in this fast-moving field. Fundamentals of Silicon Carbide Technology covers basic properties of SiC materials, processing technology, theory and analysis of practical devices, and an overview of the most important systems applications. Specifically included are: A complete discussion of SiC material properties, bulk crystal growth, epitaxial growth, device fabrication technology, and characterization techniques. Device physics and operating equations for Schottky diodes, pin diodes, JBS/MPS diodes, JFETs, MOSFETs, BJTs, IGBTs, and thyristors. A survey of power electronics applications, including switch-mode power supplies, motor drives, power converters for electric vehicles, and converters for renewable energy sources. Coverage of special applications, including microwave devices, high-temperature electronics, and rugged sensors. Fully illustrated throughout, the text is written by recognized experts with over 45 years of combined experience in SiC research and development. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers in crystal growth, material science, and semiconductor device technology. The book is also useful for design engineers, application engineers, and product managers in areas such as power supplies, converter and inverter design, electric vehicle technology, high-temperature electronics, sensors, and smart grid technology.
Containing the most reliable parameter values for each of these semiconductor materials, along with applicable references, these data are organized in a structured, logical way for each semiconductor material. * Reviews traditional semiconductor materials as well as new, advanced semiconductors. * Essential authoritative handbook on the properties of semiconductor materials.
This unique book describes the science and technology of silicon carbide (SiC) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), from the creation of SiC material to the formation of final system, through various expert contributions by several leading key figures in the field. The book contains high-quality up-to-date scientific information concerning SiC MEMS for harsh environments summarized concisely for students, academics, engineers and researchers in the field of SiC MEMS. This is the only book that addresses in a comprehensive manner the main advantages of SiC as a MEMS material for applications in high temperature and harsh environments, as well as approaches to the relevant technologies, with a view progressing towards the final product. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Introduction to Silicon Carbide (SIC) Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) (800 KB). Contents: Introduction to Silicon Carbide (SiC) Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) (R Cheung); Deposition Techniques for SiC MEMS (C A Zorman et al.); Review of Issues Pertaining to the Development of Contacts to Silicon Carbide: 1996OCo2002 (L M Porter & F A Mohammad); Dry Etching of SiC (S J Pearton); Design, Performance and Applications of SiC MEMS (S Zappe). Readership: Academic researchers in MEMS and industrial engineers engaged in SiC MEMS research."
The demand for advanced energy devices such as high-performance batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, electrolyzers, and flexible/wearable devices is increasing rapidly. To meet such demand, high-performance and stable materials that could be used as active materials in these devices are much needed. This book focuses on the use of hydrogels in such emerging applications. The main objective of this book is to provide current, state-of-the-art development in hydrogel-based materials, their applications in energy, and their future challenges. This book covers the entire spectrum of hydrogels for their applications in a range of energy devices in terms of materials, various synthetic approaches, architectural aspects, design and technology of energy devices, and challenges. This book covers the fundamentals of hydrogels, various composites of hydrogels, design concepts, different technologies, and applications in the diverse energy area. All chapters are written by experts in these areas around the world, making this a suitable textbook for students and providing new guidelines to researchers and industries working in these areas. This book includes topics such as various approaches to synthesizing hydrogels, their characterizations, and emerging applications in the energy area. Fundamentals of energy devices, working principles, and their challenges are also covered. This book will provide new directions to scientists, researchers, and students to better understand hydrogel-based materials and their emerging applications in energy.
"3D bioprinting" refers to processes in which an additive manufacturing approach is used to create devices for medical applications. This volume considers exciting applications for 3D bioprinting, including its use in manufacturing artificial tissues, surgical models, and orthopedic implants. The book includes chapters from leaders in the field on 3D bioprinting of tissues and organs, biomedical applications of digital light processing, biomedical applications of nozzle-free pyro-electrohydrodynamic jet printing of buffer-free bioinks, additive manufacturing of surgical models, dental crowns, and orthopedic implants, 3D bioprinting of dry electrodes, and 3D bioprinting for regenerative medicine and disease modeling of the ocular surface. This is an accessible reference for students and researchers on current 3D bioprinting technology, providing helpful information on the important applications of this technology. It will be a useful resource to students, researchers, and practitioners in the rapidly growing global 3D bioprinting community.
Emerging Energy Materials: Applications and Challenges guides the reader through materials used in progressive energy systems. It tackles their use in energy storage across solar, bio, geothermal, wind, fossil, hydrogen, nuclear, and thermal energy. Specific chapters are dedicated to energy reaping systems currently in development. This book contributes to the current literature by highlighting concerns that are frequently overlooked in energy materials textbooks. Awareness of these challenges and contemplation of possible solutions is critical for advancing the field of energy material technologies. Key features: Provides up-to-date information on the synthesis, characterization, and a range of applications using various physical and chemical methods Presents the latest advances in future energy materials and technologies subjected to specific applications Includes applied illustrations, references, and advances in order to explain the challenges and trade-offs in the field of energy material research and development Includes coverage of solar cell and photovoltaic, hydro power, nuclear energy, fuel cell, battery electrode, supercapacitor and hydrogen storage applications This book is a timely reference for researchers looking to improve their understanding of emerging energy materials, as well as postgraduate students considering a career within materials science, renewable energy and materials chemistry.
