Force Majeure and Hardship Under General Contract Principles
Force Majeure and Hardship Under General Contract Principles

Author: Christoph Brunner

Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.

Published: 2009-01-01

Total Pages: 626

ISBN-13: 9041127925

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Lawyers involved in international commercial transactions know well that unforeseen events affecting the performance of a party often arise. Not surprisingly, exemptions for non-performance are dealt with in a significant number of arbitral awards. This very useful book thoroughly analyzes contemporary approaches, particularly as manifested in case law, to the scope and content of the principles of exemption for non-performance which are commonly referred to as 'force majeure' and 'hardship.' The author shows that the 'general principles of law' approach addresses this concern most effectively. Generally accepted and understood by the business world at large, this approach encompasses principles of international commercial contracts derived from a variety of legal systems. It's most important 'restatements' are found in the 1980 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (UPICC). Establishing specific standards and "case groups" for the exemptions under review, the analysis treats such recurring elements as the following: contractual risk allocations; unforeseeability of an impediment; impediments beyond the typical sphere of risk and control of the obligor; responsibility for third parties (subcontractors, suppliers); legal impediments (acts of public authority) and effect of mandatory rules; involvement of states or state enterprises; interpretation of force majeure and hardship clauses; hardship threshold test; frustration of purpose; irreconcilable differences; comparison with exemptions under domestic legal systems (impossibility of performance, frustration of contract, impracticability) The book is a major contribution to the development of the use of general principles of law in international commercial arbitration. It may be used as a comprehensive commentary on the force majeure and hardship provisions of the UPICC, as well as on Art. 79 of the CISG. In addition, as an insightful investigation into the fundamental question of the limits of the principle of sanctity of contracts, this book is sure to capture the attention of business lawyers and interested academics everywhere.

Commercial Law
Commercial Law

Author: Michael Forde

Publisher: Bloomsbury Professional

Published: 2015-09-30

Total Pages: 600

ISBN-13: 9781780436906

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Commercial Law, 4th edition covers consumer law initiatives based on EU directives, plus significant commercial case law. It outlines the emergence of and variety in regulation regimes and deals with insolvency rules in Ireland as well as the credit union sector. Includes the following case law and legislation: McIlroy v Horizon Sports, HC (set for October 2014); Quinn v IRBC (set for early 2015); Darlington Properties v Meath County Council [2010] IEHC 70; Google Spain and Google Inc v AEPD C-131/12. Consumer Protection Act 2007; Defamation Act 2009 ; Legal Services Ombudsman Act 2009; Companies (Amendment) Act 2009; Enactment of Treaty of Lisbon in 2009; The EC (Payment Services) Regulations, 2009; Arbitration Act 2010; 29th Amendment of the Constitution (Judges' Remuneration) Act 2011 ; Personal Insolvency Act 2012. Previous print edition ISBN: 9781845922030

Understanding Commercial & Company Law
Understanding Commercial & Company Law

Author: Leigh Miller

Publisher:

Published: 2019-06

Total Pages: 864

ISBN-13: 9781988546148

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This publication covers the relevant topics studied in university business courses and would be useful to any student who needs a robust general understanding of New Zealand law relating to contracts, consumers, companies, financial markets and corporate governance. Content for this book is drawn from the bestselling titles Understanding Commercial Law, 9th edition and Understanding Company Law, 4th edition ¿ both new editions which have been updated to take account of recent developments, case law and legislation. The use of plain language throughout ensures that the work is invaluable to students coming to the topic for the first time or who have English as a second language.

United States Code
United States Code

Author: United States

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 1146

ISBN-13:

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"The United States Code is the official codification of the general and permanent laws of the United States of America. The Code was first published in 1926, and a new edition of the code has been published every six years since 1934. The 2012 edition of the Code incorporates laws enacted through the One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, the last of which was signed by the President on January 15, 2013. It does not include laws of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, enacted between January 2, 2013, the date it convened, and January 15, 2013. By statutory authority this edition may be cited "U.S.C. 2012 ed." As adopted in 1926, the Code established prima facie the general and permanent laws of the United States. The underlying statutes reprinted in the Code remained in effect and controlled over the Code in case of any discrepancy. In 1947, Congress began enacting individual titles of the Code into positive law. When a title is enacted into positive law, the underlying statutes are repealed and the title then becomes legal evidence of the law. Currently, 26 of the 51 titles in the Code have been so enacted. These are identified in the table of titles near the beginning of each volume. The Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives continues to prepare legislation pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 285b to enact the remainder of the Code, on a title-by-title basis, into positive law. The 2012 edition of the Code was prepared and published under the supervision of Ralph V. Seep, Law Revision Counsel. Grateful acknowledgment is made of the contributions by all who helped in this work, particularly the staffs of the Office of the Law Revision Counsel and the Government Printing Office"--Preface.

Business Law I Essentials
Business Law I Essentials

Author: MIRANDE. DE ASSIS VALBRUNE (RENEE. CARDELL, SUZANNE.)

Publisher:

Published: 2019-09-27

Total Pages: 180

ISBN-13: 9781680923025

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A less-expensive grayscale paperback version is available. Search for ISBN 9781680923018. Business Law I Essentials is a brief introductory textbook designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of courses on Business Law or the Legal Environment of Business. The concepts are presented in a streamlined manner, and cover the key concepts necessary to establish a strong foundation in the subject. The textbook follows a traditional approach to the study of business law. Each chapter contains learning objectives, explanatory narrative and concepts, references for further reading, and end-of-chapter questions. Business Law I Essentials may need to be supplemented with additional content, cases, or related materials, and is offered as a foundational resource that focuses on the baseline concepts, issues, and approaches.