Galectins in Cancer and Translational Medicine
Galectins in Cancer and Translational Medicine

Author: Armando Bartolazzi

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2018-11-29

Total Pages: 351

ISBN-13: 3038974080

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In the post-genomic era, many efforts have been devoted to better understanding the biological information encoded by the cell "glycome" in normal and pathologic conditions. The glycan signature of human cells plays a pivotal role in regulating fundamental biological processes, which are critical for cell physiology and for cancer as well. Galectins (also worded S-type lectins) are an evolutionarily conserved family of endogenous lectins, which bind carbohydrates with high specificity. These molecules, which can be found both intracellularly and in the extracellular milieu, are functionally active in converting glycan-containing information into cell biological programs. This fashionable mechanism of signal transduction plays a relevant role in regulating several biological functions, including RNA splicing, gene transcription, cell migration and differentiation, apoptosis, immune response, and tumor growth and progression. It is not surprising, indeed, that a large number of studies on galectin-glycan interactions and galectins expression and function in human diseases have been published in the recent literature, spanning from immunology to cardiovascular medicine, from diagnostic Pathology to nuclear medicine. The aim of this Special Issue of IJMS is to collect selected contributions in the field reporting data, concepts, and new ideas, which have the potential to be translated in a clinical setting in the near future, in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other relevant human diseases.

Galectins in Cancer and Translational Medicine
Galectins in Cancer and Translational Medicine

Author: Armando Bartolazzi

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9783038974093

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In the post-genomic era, many efforts have been devoted to better understanding the biological information encoded by the cell "glycome" in normal and pathologic conditions. The glycan signature of human cells plays a pivotal role in regulating fundamental biological processes, which are critical for cell physiology and for cancer as well. Galectins (also worded S-type lectins) are an evolutionarily conserved family of endogenous lectins, which bind carbohydrates with high specificity. These molecules, which can be found both intracellularly and in the extracellular milieu, are functionally active in converting glycan-containing information into cell biological programs. This fashionable mechanism of signal transduction plays a relevant role in regulating several biological functions, including RNA splicing, gene transcription, cell migration and differentiation, apoptosis, immune response, and tumor growth and progression. It is not surprising, indeed, that a large number of studies on galectin-glycan interactions and galectins expression and function in human diseases have been published in the recent literature, spanning from immunology to cardiovascular medicine, from diagnostic Pathology to nuclear medicine. The aim of this Special Issue of IJMS is to collect selected contributions in the field reporting data, concepts, and new ideas, which have the potential to be translated in a clinical setting in the near future, in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other relevant human diseases.

Glycobiology and Drug Design
Glycobiology and Drug Design

Author: Anatole A. Klyosov

Publisher: OUP USA

Published: 2013-03-14

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780841227651

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Will update existing publications on carbohydrate-based drug design and further shape the emerging data and thinking in this new area.

Cellular Pathophysiology
Cellular Pathophysiology

Author: Mohammed M. Sayeed

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1989-05-31

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 9780849340611

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In recent years, there has been increased research on cellular pathophysiology in animal and tissue models simulating human disease processes. The result of this research, which has been carried out primarily by physiologists, pharmacologists, biochemists, anatomists, pathologists, and clinicians, is now presented in this forum. A better understanding of how cellular, subcellular and molecular mechanisms initiate and progressively intensify organic/systemic disease processes is important in the development of rational therapies against these disease processes.

Glycosylation and Cancer
Glycosylation and Cancer

Author:

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2015-02-26

Total Pages: 418

ISBN-13: 0128016140

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Advances in Cancer Research provides invaluable information on the exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research. Here, once again, outstanding and original reviews are presented on a variety of topics. - Provides information on cancer research - Outstanding and original reviews - Suitable for researchers and students

Cancer Chemotherapy
Cancer Chemotherapy

Author: Rachel Airley

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2009-04-01

Total Pages: 363

ISBN-13: 0470092564

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This textbook is a clear and accessible introduction to thescientific and clinical aspects of the creation, development andadministration of drugs or drug regimens used in the treatment ofcancer. Unique in its approach, this book enables the student togain an understanding of the pathological, physiological andmolecular processes governing malignancy, whilst also introducingthe role of health professionals and scientists in the research andtreatment of cancer. The book consolidates all the essentialinformation necessary for a full understanding of cancerchemotherapy, providing an informative, inexpensive and up-to-datecoverage of the subject aimed at an undergraduate level readership. Key Features: Incorporates numerous diagrams, tables and illustrations to aidunderstanding. Examines key pharmacological and pharmaceutical issues such asdosing, toxicity and preparation of anti-cancer drugs. Includes a key chapter of practice essay questions to easerevision. Comprehensive coverage of drugs currently in pre-clinical andclinical development. An indispensable text for undergraduate students studyingpharmacy and medicine as well as those doing courses such asmolecular biology, biomedical sciences and pharmacology which coveraspects of oncology.

Prebiotics and Probiotics in Human Milk
Prebiotics and Probiotics in Human Milk

Author: Michelle McGuire

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2016-10-06

Total Pages: 508

ISBN-13: 0128027460

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Prebiotics and Probiotics in Human Milk: Origins and Functions of Milk-Borne Oligosaccharides and Bacteria provides a comprehensive, yet approachable, treatise on what is currently known about the origins and functions of human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), the complex sugars in milk that are not digested by the infant. The book examines how HMOs and bacteria in human milk may function independently and coordinately to influence both maternal and infant health. Human milk is the only food "designed specifically to nourish humans, indeed representing the essence of a perfect "functional food. And although researchers have been studying its composition for decades, surprisingly little is really understood about the origins and functions of its myriad components, an area that is especially true for HMOs and bacteria. This book provides a thorough review of the newest research on these inter-related milk constituents as written by a team of experts from both academia and industry who actively conduct HMO and human milk microbiome research as they endeavor to apply this new knowledge to infant nutrition. Each chapter provides objective rationale for what research is still needed in this rapidly evolving area, also discussing the challenges and opportunities faced by the industry in adding HMO and microbes to infant food products. This book is a valuable resource for nutrition researchers focused on infant nutrition, food scientists and product developers working on infant formula, and clinicians interested in broadening their understanding of the benefits of human milk for infants. - Presents a reader-friendly, highly-curated text that includes a review of the literature related to origins, variability, metabolism, and functions of HMO and human milk bacteria - Discusses the potential implications of HMO and milk microbiota to industry – for instance, utilization in the dairy industry and infant formula - Consists of learning aids, such as pull quotes, critical summary statements, and an extensive list of published literature throughout

Essentials of Glycobiology
Essentials of Glycobiology

Author: Ajit Varki

Publisher: CSHL Press

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 694

ISBN-13: 9780879696818

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Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.

Carbohydrate Recognition
Carbohydrate Recognition

Author: Binghe Wang

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2011-09-06

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 0470592079

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This book contains contributions from interdisciplinary scientists to collectively address the issue of targeting carbohydrate recognition for the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic agents. The book covers (1) biological problems involving carbohydrate recognition, (2) structural factors mediating carbohydrate recognition, (3) design and synthesis of lectin mimics that recognize carbohydrate ligands with high specificity and affinity, and (4) modulation of biological and pathological processes through carbohydrate recognition.

Angiogenesis Assays
Angiogenesis Assays

Author: Carolyn A. Staton

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2007-01-11

Total Pages: 410

ISBN-13: 047002934X

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Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature, is essential for physiological growth and over 18,000 research articles have been published describing the role of angiogenesis in over 70 different diseases, including cancer, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. One of the most important technical challenges in such studies has been finding suitable methods for assessing the effects of regulators of eh angiogenic response. While increasing numbers of angiogenesis assays are being described both in vitro and in vivo, it is often still necessary to use a combination of assays to identify the cellular and molecular events in angiogenesis and the full range of effects of a given test protein. Although the endothelial cell - its migration, proliferation, differentiation and structural rearrangement - is central to the angiogenic process, it is not the only cell type involved. the supporting cells, the extracellular matrix and the circulating blood with its cellular and humoral components also contribute. In this book, experts in the use of a diverse range of assays outline key components of these and give a critical appraisal of their strengths and weaknesses. Examples include assays for the proliferation, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells in vitro, vessel outgrowth from organ cultures, assessment of endothelial and mural cell interactions, and such in vivo assays as the chick chorioallantoic membrane, zebrafish, corneal, chamber and tumour angiogenesis models. These are followed by a critical analysis of the biological end-points currently being used in clinical trials to assess the clinical efficacy of anti-angiogenic drugs, which leads into a discussion of the direction future studies should take. This valuable book is of interest to research scientists currently working on angiogenesis in both the academic community and in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Relevant disciplines include cell and molecular biology, oncology, cardiovascular research, biotechnology, pharmacology, pathology and physiology.