The automotive industry is transforming to a greater degree that has occurred since Henry Ford introduced mass production of the automobile with the Model T in 1913. Advances in computing, data processing, and artificial intelligence (deep learning in particular) are driving the development of new levels of automation that will impact all aspects of our lives including our vehicles. What are Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs)? What are the underlying technologies that need to mature and converge for them to be widely deployed? Fundamentals of Connected and Automated Vehicles is written to answer these questions, educating the reader with the information required to make informed predictions of how and when CAVs will impact their lives. Topics covered include: History of Connected and Automated Vehicles, Localization, Connectivity, Sensor and Actuator Hardware, Computer Vision, Sensor Fusion, Path Planning and Motion Control, Verification and Validation, and Outlook for future of CAVs.
The automotive industry is transforming to a greater degree that has occurred since Henry Ford introduced mass production of the automobile with the Model T in 1913. Advances in computing, data processing, and artificial intelligence (deep learning in particular) are driving the development of new levels of automation that will impact all aspects of our lives including our vehicles. What are Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs)? What are the underlying technologies that need to mature and converge for them to be widely deployed? Fundamentals of Connected and Automated Vehicles is written to answer these questions, educating the reader with the information required to make informed predictions of how and when CAVs will impact their lives. Topics covered include: History of Connected and Automated Vehicles, Localization, Connectivity, Sensor and Actuator Hardware, Computer Vision, Sensor Fusion, Path Planning and Motion Control, Verification and Validation, and Outlook for future of CAVs.
Autonomous and Connected Heavy Vehicle Technology presents the fundamentals, definitions, technologies, standards and future developments of autonomous and connected heavy vehicles. This book provides insights into various issues pertaining to heavy vehicle technology and helps users develop solutions towards autonomous, connected, cognitive solutions through the convergence of Big Data, IoT, cloud computing and cognition analysis. Various physical, cyber-physical and computational key points related to connected vehicles are covered, along with concepts such as edge computing, dynamic resource optimization, engineering process, methodology and future directions. The book also contains a wide range of case studies that help to identify research problems and an analysis of the issues and synthesis solutions. This essential resource for graduate-level students from different engineering disciplines such as automotive and mechanical engineering, computer science, data science and business analytics combines both basic concepts and advanced level content from technical experts. Covers state-of-the-art developments and research in vehicle sensor technology, vehicle communication technology, convergence with emerging technologies, and vehicle software and hardware integration Addresses challenges such as optimization, real-time control systems for distance and steering mechanism, and cognitive and predictive analysis Provides complete product development, commercial deployment, technological and performing costs and scaling needs
This book elaborates the science and engineering basis for energy-efficient driving in conventional and autonomous cars. After covering the physics of energy-efficient motion in conventional, hybrid, and electric powertrains, the book chiefly focuses on the energy-saving potential of connected and automated vehicles. It reveals how being connected to other vehicles and the infrastructure enables the anticipation of upcoming driving-relevant factors, e.g. hills, curves, slow traffic, state of traffic signals, and movements of nearby vehicles. In turn, automation allows vehicles to adjust their motion more precisely in anticipation of upcoming events, and to save energy. Lastly, the energy-efficient motion of connected and automated vehicles could have a harmonizing effect on mixed traffic, leading to additional energy savings for neighboring vehicles. Building on classical methods of powertrain modeling, optimization, and optimal control, the book further develops the theory of energy-efficient driving. In addition, it presents numerous theoretical and applied case studies that highlight the real-world implications of the theory developed. The book is chiefly intended for undergraduate and graduate engineering students and industry practitioners with a background in mechanical, electrical, or automotive engineering, computer science or robotics.
The automotive industry appears close to substantial change engendered by “self-driving” technologies. This technology offers the possibility of significant benefits to social welfare—saving lives; reducing crashes, congestion, fuel consumption, and pollution; increasing mobility for the disabled; and ultimately improving land use. This report is intended as a guide for state and federal policymakers on the many issues that this technology raises.
CELLULAR V2X FOR CONNECTED AUTOMATED DRIVING A unique examination of cellular communication technologies for connected automated driving, combining expert insights from telecom and automotive industries as well as technical and scientific knowledge from industry and academia Cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) technologies enable vehicles to communicate both with the network, with each other, and with other road users using reliable, responsive, secure, and high-capacity communication links. Cellular V2X for Connected Automated Driving provides an up-to-date view of the role of C-V2X technologies in connected automated driving (CAD) and connected road user (CRU) services, such as advanced driving support, improved road safety, infotainment, over-the-air software updates, remote driving, and traffic efficiency services enabling the future large-scale transition to self-driving vehicles. This timely book discusses where C-V2X technology is situated within the increasingly interconnected ecosystems of the mobile communications and automotive industries. An expert contributor team from both industry and academia explore potential applications, business models, standardization, spectrum and channel modelling, network enhancements, security and privacy, and more. Broadly divided into two parts—introductory and advanced material—the text first introduces C-V2X technology and introduces a variety of use cases and opportunities, requiring no prerequisite technical knowledge. The second part of the book assumes a basic understanding of the field of telecommunications, presenting technical descriptions of the radio, system aspects, and network design for the previously discussed applications. This up-to-date resource: Provides technical details from the finding of the European Commission H2020 5G PPP 5GCAR project, a collaborative research initiative between the telecommunications and automotive industries and academic researchers Elaborates on use cases, business models, and a technology roadmap for those seeking to shape a start-up in the area of automated and autonomous driving Provides up to date descriptions of standard specifications, standardization and industry organizations and important regulatory aspects for connected vehicles Provides technical insights and solutions for the air interface, network architecture, positioning and security to support vehicles at different automation levels Includes detailed tables, plots, and equations to clarify concepts, accompanied by online tutorial slides for use in teaching and seminars Thanks to its mix of introductory content and technical information, Cellular V2X for Connected Automated Driving is a must-have for industry and academic researchers, telecom and automotive industry practitioners, leaders, policymakers, and regulators, and university-level instructors and students. Additional resources available at the following site: Cellular V2X for Connected Automated Driving – 5GCAR
This book is the first technical overview of autonomous vehicles written for a general computing and engineering audience. The authors share their practical experiences of creating autonomous vehicle systems. These systems are complex, consisting of three major subsystems: (1) algorithms for localization, perception, and planning and control; (2) client systems, such as the robotics operating system and hardware platform; and (3) the cloud platform, which includes data storage, simulation, high-definition (HD) mapping, and deep learning model training. The algorithm subsystem extracts meaningful information from sensor raw data to understand its environment and make decisions about its actions. The client subsystem integrates these algorithms to meet real-time and reliability requirements. The cloud platform provides offline computing and storage capabilities for autonomous vehicles. Using the cloud platform, we are able to test new algorithms and update the HD map—plus, train better recognition, tracking, and decision models. This book consists of nine chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of autonomous vehicle systems; Chapter 2 focuses on localization technologies; Chapter 3 discusses traditional techniques used for perception; Chapter 4 discusses deep learning based techniques for perception; Chapter 5 introduces the planning and control sub-system, especially prediction and routing technologies; Chapter 6 focuses on motion planning and feedback control of the planning and control subsystem; Chapter 7 introduces reinforcement learning-based planning and control; Chapter 8 delves into the details of client systems design; and Chapter 9 provides the details of cloud platforms for autonomous driving. This book should be useful to students, researchers, and practitioners alike. Whether you are an undergraduate or a graduate student interested in autonomous driving, you will find herein a comprehensive overview of the whole autonomous vehicle technology stack. If you are an autonomous driving practitioner, the many practical techniques introduced in this book will be of interest to you. Researchers will also find plenty of references for an effective, deeper exploration of the various technologies.
The technology and engineering behind autonomous driving is advancing at pace. This book presents the latest technical advances and the economic, environmental and social impact driverless cars will have on individuals and the automotive industry.
This book presents the state of the art, challenges and future trends in automotive software engineering. The amount of automotive software has grown from just a few lines of code in the 1970s to millions of lines in today’s cars. And this trend seems destined to continue in the years to come, considering all the innovations in electric/hybrid, autonomous, and connected cars. Yet there are also concerns related to onboard software, such as security, robustness, and trust. This book covers all essential aspects of the field. After a general introduction to the topic, it addresses automotive software development, automotive software reuse, E/E architectures and safety, C-ITS and security, and future trends. The specific topics discussed include requirements engineering for embedded software systems, tools and methods used in the automotive industry, software product lines, architectural frameworks, various related ISO standards, functional safety and safety cases, cooperative intelligent transportation systems, autonomous vehicles, and security and privacy issues. The intended audience includes researchers from academia who want to learn what the fundamental challenges are and how they are being tackled in the industry, and practitioners looking for cutting-edge academic findings. Although the book is not written as lecture notes, it can also be used in advanced master’s-level courses on software and system engineering. The book also includes a number of case studies that can be used for student projects.
Since the early seventies, the development of the automobile has been characterized by a steady increase in the deploymnet of onboard electronics systems and software. This trend continues unabated and is driven by rising end-user demands and increasingly stringent environmental requirements. Today, almost every function onboard the modern vehicle is electronically controlled or monitored. The software-based implementation of vehicle functions provides for unparalleled freedoms of concept and design. However, automobile development calls for the accommodation of contrasting prerequisites – such as higher demands on safety and reliability vs. lower cost ceilings, longer product life cycles vs. shorter development times – along with growing proliferation of model variants. Automotive Software Engineering has established its position at the center of these seemingly conflicting opposites. This book provides background basics as well as numerous suggestions, rare insights, and cases in point concerning those processes, methods, and tools that contribute to the surefooted mastery of the use of electronic systems and software in the contemporary automobile.
