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Author: John T. Cuddington
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1988
Total Pages: 104
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKCommodity -exporting countries have sometimes found themselves worse off after a boom than before it, due to fiscal mismanagement of the boom proceeds. Good fiscal control during booms can temporarily acc[e]lerate the rate of economic development.
Author: Leandro Medina
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2010-08-01
Total Pages: 29
ISBN-13: 1455202266
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe recent boom and bust in commodity prices has raised concerns about the impact of volatile commodity prices on Latin American countries’ fiscal positions. Using a novel quarterly data set-which includes unique country-specific commodity price indices and a comprehensive measure of public expenditures-this paper analyzes the dynamic effects of commodity price fluctuations on fiscal revenues and expenditures for eight commodity-exporting Latin American countries. The results indicate that Latin American countries’ fiscal positions react strongly to shocks to commodity prices, yet there are marked differences across countries. Fiscal variables in Venezuela display the highest sensitivity to commodity price shocks, with expenditures reacting significantly more than revenues. At the other end of the spectrum, in Chile expenditure reacts very little to commodity price fluctuations, and the dynamic responses of its fiscal indicators are very similar to those seen in high-income commodity-exporting countries. This distinct behavior across countries may relate to institutional arrangements, which in some cases include the efficient application of fiscal rules amid political commitment and high standards of transparency.
Author: Maurice W. Schiff
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1994
Total Pages: 38
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Mr.Paulo A Medas
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2016-09-27
Total Pages: 18
ISBN-13: 1475536062
DOWNLOAD EBOOKResource-rich countries have to manage highly volatile commodity revenues. In periods of revenue booms there is a tendency for large spending scale-ups. When facing large and persistent reductions in commodity prices, some of these countries will need to adjust their budgets to the new reality. In many cases, overall surpluses turn into large fiscal deficits and borrowing costs tend to rise with the fall in commodity prices. This note discusses how to undertake large fiscal adjustments, which often tend to be protracted and with long-lasting impacts on growth. Consequently, the note also highlights how to better prepare for future booms and busts in commodity prices.
Author: Leelananda De Silva
Publisher:
Published: 1983
Total Pages: 24
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Francis Gerard Adams
Publisher:
Published: 1982
Total Pages: 360
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe commodity problem, development goals, and policies; Review of previous studies of the impact of the commodity problem on developing-country goal attainment; An integrated econometric approach to the commodity problem and economic development - preview, country and commodity selection, and country sketches; Macroeconometric models for project countries; Microeconometric models of the primary-commodity-producing sectors; Econometric models of international commodity markets; The impact of fluctuations in international commodity markets on goal attainment in developing countries; The impact of secular movements in international commodity markets on goal attainment in developing countries; Policy responses to the commodity problem; The commodity problem, goal attainment, and policies in developing countries: conclusions.
Author: Bruno Boccara
Publisher:
Published: 1992
Total Pages: 340
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Guillermo E. Perry
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 2007-10-19
Total Pages: 354
ISBN-13: 0821370855
DOWNLOAD EBOOKFiscal policy in Latin America has been guided primarily by short-term liquidity targets whose observance was taken as the main exponent of fiscal prudence, with attention focused almost exclusively on the levels of public debt and the cash deficit. Very little attention was paid to the effects of fiscal policy on growth and on macroeconomic volatility over the cycle. Important issues such as the composition of public expenditures (and its effects on growth), the ability of fiscal policy to stabilize cyclical fluctuations, and the currency composition of public debt were largely neglected. As a result, fiscal policy has often amplified cyclical volatility and dampened growth. 'Fiscal Policy, Stabilization, and Growth' explores the conduct of fiscal policy in Latin America and its consequences for macroeconomic stability and long-term growth. In particular, the book highlights the procyclical and anti-investment biases embedded in the region's fiscal policies, explores their causes and macroeconomic consequences, and asesses their possible solutions.
Author: Richard Hemming
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2002-12
Total Pages: 62
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the effectiveness of fiscal policy. The focus is on the size of fiscal multipliers, and on the possibility that multipliers can turn negative (i.e., that fiscal contractions can be expansionary). The paper concludes that fiscal multipliers are overwhelmingly positive but small. However, there is some evidence of negative fiscal multipliers.
Author: Dongyeol Lee
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2019-05-24
Total Pages: 24
ISBN-13: 1498315658
DOWNLOAD EBOOKExport structure is less diversified in low-income countries (LICs) and especially small states that face resource constraints and small economic size. This paper explores the potential linkages between export structure and economic growth and its volatility in LICs and small states, using a range of indices of export concentration differing in the coverage of industries. The empirical analysis finds that export diversification may promote economic growth and reduce economic volatility in these countries. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that the economic benefits of export diversification differ by country size and income level—there are bigger benefits for relatively larger and poorer countries within the group of LICs and small states.
