The Clean Air Act Handbook
The Clean Air Act Handbook

Author: Robert J. Martineau

Publisher: American Bar Association

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 730

ISBN-13: 9781590312896

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A current guide to one of the most complicated and extensive pieces of environmental legislation ever written, this broad and balanced perpective to the statute that brings together the experience of over two dozen private and public sector.

Houston Employee Commute Options Program
Houston Employee Commute Options Program

Author: Jason A. Crawford

Publisher:

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 198

ISBN-13:

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A specific program of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments is the Employer Trip Reduction Program (ETR), which is sometimes recognized as the Employee Commute Options (ECO) program. This program required all employers of 100 or more employees in severe and extreme nonattainment areas to develop and implement plans that increase the automobile passenger occupancy (APO) levels of vehicles arriving to the worksite between the hours of 6:00 a.m. and 10:00 a.m. by 25%. The purpose of this current study was to evaluate the potential impact of the ETR program on Houston's mobile source emissions and fuel consumption. A secondary objective was to evaluate the characteristics of the ETR program through plans submitted by affected worksites. The ETR database was used to evaluate the potential effectiveness of the ETR program throughout the eight county nonattainment area to see if it had achieved 100% compliance and met the target average passenger occupancies set in the plan. To supplement this analysis, a survey was conducted to determine the indirect trip rates caused as a result of participation in the ETR program. The database was also used for an initial examination into the preferences of employees and employers in choosing specific transportation control measures. Recommendations for future research, based on the findings from this study, are also presented in the report.

Driving Forces
Driving Forces

Author: James A. Dunn

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2010-12-01

Total Pages: 241

ISBN-13: 0815707207

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To its critics, the automobile is a voracious consumer of irreplaceable energy resources, a leading polluter of the environment, and a destroyer of cohesive communities. The most outspoken opponents call for greater regulations and restrictions to ultimately replace the automobile as the country's primary means of transportation. But their proposals all ignore one simple fact: Americans love their cars! Millions of citizens have made the automobile the most successful method of mass transportation ever developed, and they are not about to give up the personal mobility it offers. This book presents the controversial view that, for the vast majority of Americans, the automobile is not the problem, but the solution to transportation needs. While acknowledging the automobile's significant drawbacks, the author refutes much of the shrill rhetoric and doomsday predictions of its opponents. He takes a skeptical look at the major policy initiatives to tax, regulate, and provide alternatives to the automobile, pointing out that any policies designed to remove Americans from their cars without offering them a superior means of mobility are "worse than useless" and doomed to failure. The book offers suggestions and guidelines for politically realistic initiatives that preserve the benefits of the automobile while building public support for policies that will reduce its negative effects on energy use and the environment.