Ultrashort Pulse Lasers and Ultrafast Phenomena
Ultrashort Pulse Lasers and Ultrafast Phenomena

Author: Takayoshi Kobayashi

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2023-03-21

Total Pages: 1255

ISBN-13: 0429589786

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This book describes the basic physical principles of techniques to generate and ultrashort pulse lasers and applications to ultrafast spectroscopy of various materials covering chemical molecular compounds, solid-state materials, exotic novel materials including topological materials, biological molecules and bio- and synthetic polymers. It introduces non-linear optics which provides the basics of generation and measurement of pulses and application examples of ultrafast spectroscopy to solid state physics. Also it provide not only material properties but also material processing procedures. The book describes also details of the world shortest visible laser and DUV lasers developed by the author’s group. It is composed of the following 12 Sections: The special features of this book is that it is written by a single author with a few collaborators in a systematic way. Hence it provides a comprehensive and systematic description of the research field of ultrashort pulse lasers and ultrafast spectroscopy. Generation of ultrashort pulses in deep ultraviolet to near infrared Generation of ultrashort pulses in terahertz Carrier envelope phase (CEP) Simple NLO processes with a few colors Multi-color involved NLO processes Multi-color ultrashort pulse generation NLO materials NLO processes in time-resolved spectroscopy Low dimension materials Conductors and superconductors Chemical reactions and material processing Photobiological reactions

Topological Insulators
Topological Insulators

Author: Shun-Qing Shen

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-01-11

Total Pages: 234

ISBN-13: 364232858X

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Topological insulators are insulating in the bulk, but process metallic states present around its boundary owing to the topological origin of the band structure. The metallic edge or surface states are immune to weak disorder or impurities, and robust against the deformation of the system geometry. This book, the first of its kind on topological insulators, presents a unified description of topological insulators from one to three dimensions based on the modified Dirac equation. A series of solutions of the bound states near the boundary are derived, and the existing conditions of these solutions are described. Topological invariants and their applications to a variety of systems from one-dimensional polyacetalene, to two-dimensional quantum spin Hall effect and p-wave superconductors, and three-dimensional topological insulators and superconductors or superfluids are introduced, helping readers to better understand this fascinating new field. This book is intended for researchers and graduate students working in the field of topological insulators and related areas. Shun-Qing Shen is a Professor at the Department of Physics, the University of Hong Kong, China.

Photoconductivity
Photoconductivity

Author: N V Joshi

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-10-02

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13: 1351424874

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Featuring detector technology capable of sensing even a few photons, this valuablereference guide provides criteria for selecting techniques and equipment appropriate tovarious types of faint signals. It highlights many important facets of photoconductivityand photodetection, including the measurement of weak photosignals in the presence ofnoise ... statistics relating to the creation, annihilation, and transport of charge carriers... and time-dependent behavior, photoquenching, negative photoconductivity, andphotosensitivity.Complete with more than 125 diagrams and tables, Photoconductivity: Art,Science, and Technology gives special attention to modem two-dimensionalphotodetectors . . . describes various configurations for experimental techniques inphotoconductivity measurements . . . surveys band structure properties, with usefulreference to such contemporary structures as n-i-p-i and modulation doped materials .. .illustrates the concept of noise in photoconductors and its role in detector technology .. .and observes unusual photoconducting properties in diluted magnetic semiconductors.Photoconductivity: Art, Science, and Technology serves as an indispensableresource for optical, electrical, laser, and aerospace engineers, physicists, materialsscientists, photonic scientists, and graduate students interested in these disciplines.

Cyclotron Waves in Plasma
Cyclotron Waves in Plasma

Author: D. G. Lominadze

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 219

ISBN-13: 1483280780

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Cyclotron Waves in Plasma is a four-chapter text that covers the basic physical concepts of the theory of cyclotron waves and cyclotron instabilities, brought about by the existence of steady or alternating plasma currents flowing perpendicular to the magnetic field. This book considers first a wide range of questions associated with the linear theory of cyclotron oscillations in equilibrium plasmas and in electron plasmas in metals and semiconductors. The next chapter deals with the parametric excitation of electron cyclotron oscillations in plasma in an alternating electric field. A chapter focuses on plasma turbulence, which results from the development of cyclotron instabilities. The last chapter discusses pertinent experimental data concerning cyclotron waves in plasma. The book is intended for specialists in plasma physics and a number of related fields, including the physics of the ionosphere, solar wind and, metals, as well as for students and teachers who are specializing in these subjects.

Plasmon-enhanced light-matter interactions
Plasmon-enhanced light-matter interactions

Author: Peng Yu

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-03-01

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 303087544X

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This book highlights cutting-edge research in surface plasmons, discussing the different types and providing a comprehensive overview of their applications. Surface plasmons (SPs) receive special attention in nanoscience and nanotechnology due to their unique optical, electrical, magnetic, and catalytic properties when operating at the nanoscale. The excitation of SPs in metal nanostructures enables the manipulation of light beyond the diffraction limit, which can be utilized for enhancing and tailoring light-matter interactions and developing ultra-compact high-performance nanophotonic devices for various applications. With clear and understandable illustrations, tables, and descriptions, this book provides physicists, materials scientists, chemists, engineers, and their students with a fundamental understanding of surface plasmons and device applications as a basis for future developments.

Introduction to Thermoelectricity
Introduction to Thermoelectricity

Author: H. Julian Goldsmid

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-10-03

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 3642007163

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Introduction to Thermoelectricity is the latest work by Professor Julian Goldsmid drawing on his 55 years experience in the field. The theory of the thermoelectric and related phenomena is presented in sufficient detail to enable researchers to understand their observations and develop improved thermoelectric materials. The methods for the selection of materials and their improvement are discussed. Thermoelectric materials for use in refrigeration and electrical generation are reviewed. Experimental techniques for the measurement of properties and for the production of thermoelements are described. Special emphasis is placed on nanotechnology which promises to yield great improvements in the efficiency of thermoelectric devices. Chapters are also devoted to transverse thermoelectric effects and thermionic energy conversion, both techniques offering the promise of important applications in the future.

Raman Scattering in Materials Science
Raman Scattering in Materials Science

Author: Willes H. Weber

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-04-18

Total Pages: 509

ISBN-13: 3662042215

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Raman scattering is now being applied with increasing success to a wide range of practical problems at the cutting edge of materials science. The purpose of this book is to make Raman spectroscopy understandable to the non-specialist and thus to bring it into the mainstream of routine materials characterization. The book is pedagogical in approach and focuses on technologically important condensed-matter systems in which the specific use of Raman spectroscopy yields new and useful information. Included are chapters on instrumentation, bulk semiconductors and alloys, heterostructures, high-Tc superconductors, catalysts, carbon-based materials, wide-gap and super-hard materials, and polymers.

Collective Excitations in the Antisymmetric Channel of Raman Spectroscopy
Collective Excitations in the Antisymmetric Channel of Raman Spectroscopy

Author: Hsiang-Hsi Kung

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783030893330

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This thesis contains three breakthrough results in condensed matter physics. Firstly, broken reflection symmetry in the hidden-order phase of the heavy-fermion material URu2Si2 is observed for the first time. This represents a significant advance in the understanding of this enigmatic material which has long intrigued the condensed matter community due to its emergent long range order exhibited at low temperatures (the so-called "hidden order"). Secondly and thirdly, a novel collective mode (the chiral spin wave) and a novel composite particle (the chiral exciton) are discovered in the three dimensional topological insulator Bi2Se3. This opens up new avenues of possibility for the use of topological insulators in photonic, optoelectronic, and spintronic devices. These discoveries are facilitated by using low-temperature polarized Raman spectroscopy as a tool for identifying optically excited collective modes in strongly correlated electron systems and three-dimensional topological insulators. .

Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES)
Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES)

Author: Joseph Woicik

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-12-26

Total Pages: 576

ISBN-13: 3319240439

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This book provides the first complete and up-to-date summary of the state of the art in HAXPES and motivates readers to harness its powerful capabilities in their own research. The chapters are written by experts. They include historical work, modern instrumentation, theory and applications. This book spans from physics to chemistry and materials science and engineering. In consideration of the rapid development of the technique, several chapters include highlights illustrating future opportunities as well.

Atom-Photon Interactions
Atom-Photon Interactions

Author: Claude Cohen-Tannoudji

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 1998-03-23

Total Pages: 691

ISBN-13: 0471293369

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Atom-Photon Interactions: Basic Processes and Applications allows the reader to master various aspects of the physics of the interaction between light and matter. It is devoted to the study of the interactions between photons and atoms in atomic and molecular physics, quantum optics, and laser physics. The elementary processes in which photons are emitted, absorbed, scattered, or exchanged between atoms are treated in detail and described using diagrammatic representation. The book presents different theoretical approaches, including: Perturbative methods The resolvent method Use of the master equation The Langevin equation The optical Bloch equations The dressed-atom approach Each method is presented in a self-contained manner so that it may be studied independently. Many applications of these approaches to simple and important physical phenomena are given to illustrate the potential and limitations of each method.