Exceptional Creativity in Science and Technology

Exceptional Creativity in Science and Technology

Author: Andrew Robinson

Publisher: Templeton Foundation Press

Published: 2013-02-22

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 1599474301

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In the evolution of science and technology, laws governing exceptional creativity and innovation have yet to be discovered. In his influential study The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, the historian Thomas Kuhn noted that the final stage in a scientific breakthrough such as Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity—the most crucial step—was “inscrutable.” The same is still true half a century later. Yet, there has been considerable progress in understanding many stages and facets of exceptional creativity and innovation. In Exceptional Creativity in Science and Technology, editor Andrew Robinson gathers diverse contributors to explore this progress. This new collection arises from a symposium with the same title held at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Princeton. Organized by the John Templeton Foundation, the symposium had the late distinguished doctor and geneticist Baruch S. Blumberg as its chair. At the same time, its IAS host was the well-known physicist Freeman J. Dyson—both of whom have contributed chapters to the book. In addition to scientists, engineers, and an inventor, the book’s fifteen contributors include an economist, entrepreneurs, historians, and sociologists, all working at leading institutions, including Bell Laboratories, Microsoft Research, Oxford University, Princeton University, and Stanford University. Each contributor brings a unique perspective to the relationships between exceptional scientific creativity and innovation by individuals and institutions. The diverse list of disciplines covered, the high-profile contributors (including two Nobel laureates), and their fascinating insights into this overarching question—how exactly do we make breakthroughs?—will make this collection of interest to anyone involved with the creative process in any context. Still, it will especially appeal to readers in scientific and technological fields.


The Creativity Crisis

The Creativity Crisis

Author: Roberta B. Ness

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 0199375380

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The Creativity Crisis excavates the root causes of America's innovation slow-down, showing why revolutionary insights are no longer chased by young talent. Economically and socially, caution has overtaken creation. This book is ultimately a roadmap for reinvigorating innovation within the system of science.


Educational Research and Innovation Fostering Students' Creativity and Critical Thinking What it Means in School

Educational Research and Innovation Fostering Students' Creativity and Critical Thinking What it Means in School

Author: Vincent-Lancrin Stéphan

Publisher: OECD Publishing

Published: 2019-10-24

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13: 926468400X

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Creativity and critical thinking are key skills for complex, globalised and increasingly digitalised economies and societies. While teachers and education policy makers consider creativity and critical thinking as important learning goals, it is still unclear to many what it means to develop these skills in a school setting. To make it more visible and tangible to practitioners, the OECD worked with networks of schools and teachers in 11 countries to develop and trial a set of pedagogical resources that exemplify what it means to teach, learn and make progress in creativity and critical thinking in primary and secondary education.


Creativity in Science

Creativity in Science

Author: Dean Keith Simonton

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2004-05-03

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 9780521543699

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Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, historians - and even scientists themselves - have often tried to decipher the basis for creativity in science. Some have attributed creativity to a special logic, the so-called scientific method, whereas others have pointed to the inspirations of genius or to the inevitable workings of the zeitgeist. Finally, some have viewed scientific breakthroughs as the product of chance, as witnessed in the numerous episodes of serendipity. Too often these four alternative interpretations are seen as mutually exclusive. Yet the central thesis of this book is that the chance, logic, genius, and zeitgeist perspectives can be integrated into a single coherent theory of creativity in science. But for this integration to succeed, change must be elevated to the status of primary cause. Logic, genius and the zeitgeist still have significant roles to play but mainly operate insofar as they enhance, or constrain the operation of a chance combinatorial process.


Innovation Engine

Innovation Engine

Author: Tina Seelig

Publisher: Harper Collins

Published: 2014-05-06

Total Pages: 38

ISBN-13: 0062327046

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Adapted from inGenius: A Crash Course on Creativity by international bestselling author and Stanford University Professor Tina Seelig, Ph.D., Innovation Engine distills a dozen years of teaching creativity and entrepreneurship into an interactive guide that turns our natural curiosity and imagination into concrete and action-oriented concepts that can be put into practice immediately. Seelig illustrates how motivation, mind-set, physical environment and social situations can work together to enhance creativity. She explains that creativity lies at the intersection of our internal world (knowledge, imagination, and attitude) and external environment (resources, habitats, and culture). By understanding how these factors fit together and influence one another, Innovation Engine provides the tools to jump-start our own innovation engines and allows us to look at every word, object, idea and moment as an opportunity for ingenuity.


Science, Technology and the Human Prospect

Science, Technology and the Human Prospect

Author: Chauncey Starr

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2016-06-23

Total Pages: 243

ISBN-13: 1483139514

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Science, Technology and the Human Prospect contains the proceedings of the Edison Centennial Symposium. Organized into three parts, this book begins with the 10 essays commissioned from scholars and persons richly experienced in the management of technology. Part I explores the costs and benefits of technology. Part II addresses the adaption of the institutional frame of technology. The last part discusses the human needs and future of invention.


Sustainable City and Creativity

Sustainable City and Creativity

Author: Tüzin Baycan

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-04-01

Total Pages: 476

ISBN-13: 1317047958

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The notion of 'creative cities' - where cultural activities and creative and cultural industries play a crucial role in supporting urban creativity and contributing to the new creative economy - has become central to most regional and urban development strategies in recent years. A creative city is supposed to develop imaginative and innovative solutions to a range of social, economic and environmental problems: economic stagnancy, urban shrinkage, social segregation, global competition or more. Cities and regions around the world are trying to develop, facilitate or promote concentrations of creative, innovative and/or knowledge-intensive industries in order to become more competitive. These places are seeking new strategies to combine economic development with quality of place that will increase economic productivity and encourage growth. Against this increasing interest in creative cities, this volume offers a coherent set of articles on sustainable and creative cities, and addresses modern theories and concepts relating to research on sustainability and creativity. It analyses principles and practices of the creative city for the formulation of policies and recommendations towards the sustainable city. It brings together leading academics with different approaches from different disciplines to provide a comprehensive and holistic overview of creativity and sustainability of the city, linking research and practice. In doing so, it puts forward ideas about stimulating the production of an innovative knowledge for a creative and sustainable city, and transforming a specific knowledge into a general common knowledge, which suggests best future policy actions, decision-making processes and choices for the change towards a human sustainable development of the city.


BITE: Recipes for Remarkable Research

BITE: Recipes for Remarkable Research

Author:

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2014-01-01

Total Pages: 319

ISBN-13: 9462095841

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FREELY AVAILABLE ONLINE AS OPEN ACCESS BOOK! BITE: Recipes for remarkable research is an edited field book capturing the research, learning and experiences of an international network of scholars studying effective and creative research environments. The book encapsulates what it is that enables remarkable research, and offers, as Professor Lizbeth Goodman says, “practical, evidence-based instantiations of ideas and innovations” as well as theoretical knowledge. It is set out as a recipe book, with supporting academic papers and case studies. The recipes present research and advice from a wide range of subject areas in an instantly recognisable format. Each recipe enables the reader to take practical steps to understand and develop their own research at all levels, from personal solo work and group collaborations, to an institutional and architectural dimension. Whether you are a PhD student, early career researcher, professor or decision-maker, these recipes, case studies and papers invite you to consider research habits, approaches and environments in interesting and different ways.


The Evolution of Imagination

The Evolution of Imagination

Author: Stephen T. Asma

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2017-06-21

Total Pages: 338

ISBN-13: 022622516X

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Consider Miles Davis, horn held high, sculpting a powerful musical statement full of tonal patterns, inside jokes, and thrilling climactic phrases—all on the fly. Or think of a comedy troupe riffing on a couple of cues from the audience until the whole room is erupting with laughter. Or maybe it’s a team of software engineers brainstorming their way to the next Google, or the Einsteins of the world code-cracking the mysteries of nature. Maybe it’s simply a child playing with her toys. What do all of these activities share? With wisdom, humor, and joy, philosopher Stephen T. Asma answers that question in this book: imagination. And from there he takes us on an extraordinary tour of the human creative spirit. Guided by neuroscience, animal behavior, evolution, philosophy, and psychology, Asma burrows deep into the human psyche to look right at the enigmatic but powerful engine that is our improvisational creativity—the source, he argues, of our remarkable imaginational capacity. How is it, he asks, that a story can evoke a whole world inside of us? How are we able to rehearse a skill, a speech, or even an entire scenario simply by thinking about it? How does creativity go beyond experience and help us make something completely new? And how does our moral imagination help us sculpt a better society? As he shows, we live in a world that is only partly happening in reality. Huge swaths of our cognitive experiences are made up by “what-ifs,” “almosts,” and “maybes,” an imagined terrain that churns out one of the most overlooked but necessary resources for our flourishing: possibilities. Considering everything from how imagination works in our physical bodies to the ways we make images, from the mechanics of language and our ability to tell stories to the creative composition of self-consciousness, Asma expands our personal and day-to-day forms of imagination into a grand scale: as one of the decisive evolutionary forces that has guided human development from the Paleolithic era to today. The result is an inspiring look at the rich relationships among improvisation, imagination, and culture, and a privileged glimpse into the unique nature of our evolved minds.


Creating Scientific Concepts

Creating Scientific Concepts

Author: Nancy J Nersessian

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2010-08-13

Total Pages: 267

ISBN-13: 0262293455

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An account that analyzes the dynamic reasoning processes implicated in a fundamental problem of creativity in science: how does genuine novelty emerge from existing representations? How do novel scientific concepts arise? In Creating Scientific Concepts, Nancy Nersessian seeks to answer this central but virtually unasked question in the problem of conceptual change. She argues that the popular image of novel concepts and profound insight bursting forth in a blinding flash of inspiration is mistaken. Instead, novel concepts are shown to arise out of the interplay of three factors: an attempt to solve specific problems; the use of conceptual, analytical, and material resources provided by the cognitive-social-cultural context of the problem; and dynamic processes of reasoning that extend ordinary cognition. Focusing on the third factor, Nersessian draws on cognitive science research and historical accounts of scientific practices to show how scientific and ordinary cognition lie on a continuum, and how problem-solving practices in one illuminate practices in the other. Her investigations of scientific practices show conceptual change as deriving from the use of analogies, imagistic representations, and thought experiments, integrated with experimental investigations and mathematical analyses. She presents a view of constructed models as hybrid objects, serving as intermediaries between targets and analogical sources in bootstrapping processes. Extending these results, she argues that these complex cognitive operations and structures are not mere aids to discovery, but that together they constitute a powerful form of reasoning—model-based reasoning—that generates novelty. This new approach to mental modeling and analogy, together with Nersessian's cognitive-historical approach, make Creating Scientific Concepts equally valuable to cognitive science and philosophy of science.