This updated Dictionary provides a comprehensive reference for hundreds of environmental engineering terms used throughout the field. Author Frank Spellman draws on his years of experience, many government documents, and legal and regulatory sources to update this edition with many new terms and definitions. This fifth edition includes terms relating to pollution control technologies, monitoring, risk assessment, sampling and analysis, quality control, and permitting. Users of this dictionary will find exact and official Environmental Protection Agency definitions for environmental terms that are statute-related, regulation-related, science-related, and engineering-related, including terms from the following legal documents: Clean Air Act; Clean Water Act; CERCLA; EPCRA; Federal Facility Compliance Act; Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act; FIFRA; Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendment; OSHA; Pollution Prevention Act; RCRA; Safe Drinking Water Act; Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act; and TSCA. The terms included in this dictionary feature time-saving cites to the definitions' source, including the Code of Federal Regulations, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Department of Energy. A list of the reference source documents is also included.
The essays selected for this volume illustrate the growing interest in and importance of crime that is both environmental and transnational in nature. The topics covered range from pollution and waste to biodiversity and wildlife crimes, and from the violation of human rights associated with the exploitation of natural resources through to the criminogenic implications of climate change. The collection provides insight into the nature and dynamics of this type of crime and examines in detail who is harmed and what can be done about it. Differential victimisation and contemporary developments in environmental law enforcement are also considered. Collectively, these essays lay the foundations for a criminology that is forward looking, global in its purview, and that deals with the key environmental issues of the present age.
Every branch of science, every profession, and every engineering process has its own language for communication. Environmental health is no different. To work even at the edge of the major environmental aspects of this challenging field, you must acquire a fundamental but wide-ranging vocabulary and understanding of the components that make it up. As Voltaire said: "If you wish to converse with me, define your terms." In this publication, we define, and in many instances, fully explain in plain English, the terms or "tools" (concepts and ideas) used by environmental health professionals, environmental science professionals, safety/industrial hygiene practitioners/engineers, and non-science professionals. It is important to point out that environmental health is not a single topic, but rather a complex, colorful, and diversified range of interrelated subjects including all of the basic sciences, computer science, government, engineering, energy, renewable energy, hydraulic fracking, security, disease, industrial hygiene, injury identification prevention and control, and much more. The practicing environmental health professional, specialist, technician or student of environmental health should know these topics—without them it is difficult, if not impossible, to practice in any of the environmental fields. The Dictionary of Environmental Health is a one-of-a-kind comprehensive reference that serves as both a dictionary and encyclopedia. This book is an indispensable resource for individuals throughout environmental, occupational, and public health industries. It defines thousands of words illustrating the enormous magnitude of the environmental health field. Terms are alphabetically arranged with concise and succinct definitions along with expanded explanations wherever needed. These terms and definitions are drawn from varied, specialized, and technical environmental fields that can be understood by professional, students, and general readers alike.
This book explores current trends in seafood science and examines various related topics including isolation aspects and different methodologies involved in seafood production. It provides detailed explanations about marine species such as fish, seaweed, and crustaceans and discusses their health benefits as well as the health risk for consumption. These topics provide a platform to develop various aquaculture/biotechnology studies. The book is essential reading for the novice and expert in marine-related fields such as aquaculture, as well as those in biotechnology, chemical sciences, natural products, materials science, pharmaceutical science, and nutraceutical science.
Global pesticide use is currently estimated at approximately 2. 5 billion kg per year (Pimentel eta/. , 1998). To be effective, pesticides need to persist for a certain period of time. However, the longer their persistence, the greater the potential for transport of a fraction of the amount applied away from the target area. Pesticides are dispersed in the environment by water currents, wind, or biota. Pesticides can directly contaminate ground and surface waters by leaching, surface run-off and drift. Pesticides can also enter the atmosphere during application by evaporation and drift of small spray droplets, that remain airborne. Following application, pesticides may volatilise from the crop or the soil. Finally, wind erosion can cause soil particles and dust loaded with pesticides to enter the atmosphere. The extent to which pesticides enter the air compartment is dependent upon many factors: the properties of the substance in question (e. g. vapour pressure), the amount used, the method of application, the formulation, the weather conditions (such as wind speed, temperature, humidity), the nature of the crop and soil characteristics. Measurements at application sites reveal that sometimes more than half of the amount applied is lost into the atmosphere within a few days (Spencer and Cliath, 1990; Taylor and Spencer; 1990; Van den Berg et a/. , this issue).