Economics of milk production under different levels of ground water exploitation in southern Karnataka
Economics of milk production under different levels of ground water exploitation in southern Karnataka

Author: Mahin Sharif

Publisher: Amazon Publishers, USA

Published:

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Water is one of the critical factors of animal production drawn from nature. Milk production in India witnessed sharp rise through operation flood programme and retaining veritable position as the world’s largest milk producing nation. Groundwater resources account for 64 per cent of irrigation. On the other hand, groundwater table is falling due to extensive use of irrigation water. Dairying is a water intensive activity and direct water use is only a negligible portion of total water use in dairying as virtual water use is very high. In this context, present study was carried out in Mysuru and Chamarajanagar Districts of Karnataka State with the objectives (i) To study cost of milk production and water use efficiency in milk production under different levels of groundwater exploitation (ii) To estimate the technical efficiency of milk production under different levels of groundwater exploitation (iii) To work out private and social cost of groundwater use in milk production. The study was undertaken during 2012-13 enveloping 8 villages and 240 households rearing dairy animals. Mysuru and Chamarajanagar Districts provided a good background for the undertaken study as the region represented different levels of ground water use & progressive dairy farming area. Appropriate analytical tools were employed for analysis.The study indicated variations in cost of milk production across the region and animal breeds. By and large, 60 to 70 per cent of the milk production cost was on account of feed cost and it was slightly higher in overexploited area. About 90 per cent of the total cost of milk production was shared by total variable cost. Milk production cost crossbreds was highest (₹19.38/liter) in overexploited areas and least (₹16.68/liter) in safe areas.Cost of local cow milk production was highest (₹29.51/liter) in critical and overexploited ₹ (27.58/liter) and comparatively less (₹24.04/liter) safe areas. Cost of milk production of buffalo was highest in overexploited (₹26.34/liter) and was relatively lower (22.19/liter) safe area.

The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture
The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-06-17

Total Pages: 332

ISBN-13: 1136498877

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The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture is FAO's first flagship publication on the global status of land and water resources. It is an 'advocacy' report, to be published every three to five years, and targeted at senior level decision makers in agriculture as well as in other sectors. SOLAW is aimed at sensitizing its target audience on the status of land resources at global and regional levels and FAO's viewpoint on appropriate recommendations for policy formulation. SOLAW focuses on these key dimensions of analysis: (i) quantity, quality of land and water resources, (ii) the rate of use and sustainable management of these resources in the context of relevant socio-economic driving factors and concerns, including food security and poverty, and climate change. This is the first time that a global, baseline status report on land and water resources has been made. It is based on several global spatial databases (e.g. land suitability for agriculture, land use and management, land and water degradation and depletion) for which FAO is the world-recognized data source. Topical and emerging issues on land and water are dealt with in an integrated rather than sectoral manner. The implications of the status and trends are used to advocate remedial interventions which are tailored to major farming systems within different geographic regions.

Revitalizing Indian Agriculture and Boosting Farmer Incomes
Revitalizing Indian Agriculture and Boosting Farmer Incomes

Author: Ashok Gulati

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-03-05

Total Pages: 386

ISBN-13: 9811593353

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This open access book provides an evidence-based roadmap for revitalising Indian agriculture while ensuring that the growth process is efficient, inclusive, and sustainable, and results in sustained growth of farmers’ incomes. The book, instead of looking for global best practices and evaluating them to assess the possibility of replicating these domestically, looks inward at the best practices and experiences within Indian states, to answer questions such as -- how the agricultural growth process can be speeded up and made more inclusive, and financially viable; are there any best practices that can be studied and replicated to bring about faster growth in agriculture; does the prior hypothesis that rapid agricultural growth can alleviate poverty faster, reduce malnutrition, and augment farmers’ incomes stand? To answer these questions, the book follows four broad threads -- i) Linkage between agricultural performance, poverty and malnutrition; ii) Analysing the historical growth performance of agricultural sector in selected Indian states; iii) Will higher agricultural GDP necessarily result in higher incomes for farmers; iv) Analysing the current agricultural policy environment to evaluate its efficiency and efficacy, and consolidate all analysis to create a roadmap. These are discussed in 12 chapters, which provide a building block for the concluding chapter that presents a roadmap for revitalising Indian agriculture while ensuring growth in farmers’ incomes.

Engendering Climate Change
Engendering Climate Change

Author: Asha Hans

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2021-02-25

Total Pages: 245

ISBN-13: 1000335399

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This book focuses on the gendered experiences of environmental change across different geographies and social contexts in South Asia and on diverse strategies of adapting to climate variability. The book analyzes how changes in rainfall patterns, floods, droughts, heatwaves and landslides affect those who are directly dependent on the agrarian economy. It examines the socio-economic pressures, including the increase in women’s work burdens both in production and reproduction on gender relations. It also examines coping mechanisms such as male migration and the formation of women’s collectives which create space for agency and change in rigid social relations. The volume looks at perspectives from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal to present the nuances of gender relations across borders along with similarities and differences across geographical,socio-cultural and policy contexts. This book will be of interest to researchers and students of sociology, development, gender, economics, environmental studies and South Asian studies. It will also be useful for policymakers, NGOs and think tanks working in the areas of gender, climate change and development.

Soil pollution: a hidden reality
Soil pollution: a hidden reality

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2018-04-30

Total Pages: 156

ISBN-13: 9251305056

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This document presents key messages and the state-of-the-art of soil pollution, its implications on food safety and human health. It aims to set the basis for further discussion during the forthcoming Global Symposium on Soil Pollution (GSOP18), to be held at FAO HQ from May 2nd to 4th 2018. The publication has been reviewed by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soil (ITPS) and contributing authors. It addresses scientific evidences on soil pollution and highlights the need to assess the extent of soil pollution globally in order to achieve food safety and sustainable development. This is linked to FAO’s strategic objectives, especially SO1, SO2, SO4 and SO5 because of the crucial role of soils to ensure effective nutrient cycling to produce nutritious and safe food, reduce atmospheric CO2 and N2O concentrations and thus mitigate climate change, develop sustainable soil management practices that enhance agricultural resilience to extreme climate events by reducing soil degradation processes. This document will be a reference material for those interested in learning more about sources and effects of soil pollution.

Pearl millet and sorghum improvement in India
Pearl millet and sorghum improvement in India

Author: Carl E. Pray, Latha Nagarajan

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13:

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The spread of modern varieties and hybrids of pearl millet and sorghum that began in the mid-1960s has had an important impact on small farmer welfare in India. The success and sustainability of these improved cultivars resulted from three types (or periods) of interventions by the Indian government: (1) increased investments in crop improvement by national and international agricultural systems during the 1970s; (2) development of efficient seed systems, with the gradual inclusion of the private sector in the 1980s; and (3) the liberalization of the Indian seed industry in the late 1990s. In addition to increased overall production levels of sorghum and millet, there have been substantial yield gains in semi-arid regions as well as improved cultivars adopted in some of the poorest areas of India. The innovations of new, hybrid technology have not been limited to the Green Revolution crops; they have also had significant impact on the productivity of small-farmer households growing dryland crops, such as millet and sorghum in India.