India is the second most populous country in the world and also one of the poorest. From the late 1940s to 1980, India's per capita income grew at an average annual rate of only two percent. Expansionist economic reforms during the 1980s boosted economic growth but also unfortunately resulted in high inflation and a balance of payments crisis. As a consequence, in 1991 the government announced sweeping new changes in economic policies. Economic Policy Reforms and the Indian Economy evaluates the effects of those changes and identifies areas of the Indian economy still in urgent need of reform. After an overview of Indian economic policies and development since independence, papers focus on the country's fiscal situation, the environment for private economic activity, education, the reservation of certain activities for small-scale industry, and determinants of differentials in rates of growth across the different Indian states. Contributors include respected academic specialists on India and policy reform, high-level Indian administrators, and present and past policymakers.
India is the second most populous country in the world and also one of the poorest. From the late 1940s to 1980, India's per capita income grew at an average annual rate of only two percent. Expansionist economic reforms during the 1980s boosted economic growth but also unfortunately resulted in high inflation and a balance of payments crisis. As a consequence, in 1991 the government announced sweeping new changes in economic policies. Economic Policy Reforms and the Indian Economy evaluates the effects of those changes and identifies areas of the Indian economy still in urgent need of reform. After an overview of Indian economic policies and development since independence, papers focus on the country's fiscal situation, the environment for private economic activity, education, the reservation of certain activities for small-scale industry, and determinants of differentials in rates of growth across the different Indian states. Contributors include respected academic specialists on India and policy reform, high-level Indian administrators, and present and past policymakers.
This book presents a set of analytical and deeply policy-oriented articles on the dynamics of growth and performance of micro and small enterprises in India during the period of reforms. It provides fairly detailed analyses of policy changes for the micro and small enterprises secotr as well as empirical analyses of performance and efficiency of the unorganised manufacturing sector. it examines a range of emerging and persistent complex issues facing this crucial sector including credit, exports, trade regulations, capacity building, subcontracting, clustering, entrepreneurship and rural industrialisation. Focusing on the constraints facing this sector even during the economic reforms, most of the articles analyse how and why special attention, particularly by the state, needs to be paid towards enhancing firm competitiveness. Broad-basing the benefits of policy interventions to the overwhelmingly present yet left out micro enterprises, including rural areas, forms an important concern. This volume attempts to critically examine critical areas of intervention that could open up possibilities of developing a strong micro and small enterprises sector in India.
The Indian Economy Since 1991: Economic Reforms and Performance is the outcome of a collaborative effort by 28 experts who have made significant contributions in research toward the Indian economy. Using a data-based, analytical approach to key economic issues and problems, coupled with extensive coverage and a critical and in-depth analysis of the developments in all major sub-sectors of the Indian economy, this edited volume examines the impact of the reforms on various fronts such as economic performance, employment, unemployment, planning process, financial and fiscal sectors, external sector, agriculture, industry, infrastructure, health, education, poverty and federal finance since 1991.
Contents: Economic Reforms and Youth Unemployment in India, New Economic Policy and Service Sector, Employment Implications of Economic Reforms, Emerging Problems of Employment Generation in the Era of Economic Reforms, Impact of New Economic Policy on Service Sector, Employment in Organised and Unorganised Sector, Economic Reforms and Rural Industries in India, Women Workers in Petrol Bunks at Madurai City, New Economic Policy, The Impact of Economic Reforms on Rural Employment Opportunities, Impact of New Economic Policy on Service Sector with Reference to Early Childhood Care and Development, Rural Employment in India After Economic Reforms, Economic Reforms and Labour Force Participation in Rural Sector, Economic Reforms and Employment, Human Resource Development in the Context of Economic Reforms Relating to Information Technology, Impact of Reforms on Social Indicators in India, Impact of Economic Reforms on Dalits in India, Entrepreneurship Development Under Liberalisation, Impact of Micro Credit Scheme An Economic Reform, Entrepreneurship Development Under Liberalisation, Globalisation and Human Development, Post Reform India, Human Resource Development in the Context of Economic Reforms, Globalisation and Stress Management, Redundancy, Redeployment of Manpower and Training Among Various Sectors in and Around the City of Chennai, Economic Reforms, Transformation of Local Human Resources to Cope with Economic Liberalisation and Globalisation, Economic Reforms and HRD in India, Economic Reforms and Human Resource Development in India, Redundancy, Redeployment of Manpower and Training in Banking Industries, Human Resource Development in the Context of Economic Reforms in India, Employment in Small Scale Industries During Post-Reforms Period.
The Indian Economy Since 1991: Economic Reforms and Performance is an edited volume, based on the UGC’s model curriculum for ‘Indian Economic Policy’, meant for all universities in India. Each chapter is contributed by an expert in the specific area being addressed, and this book presents the policies formulated in each sector or sub-sector, and the resultant changes, during the post-reform period (1991-2008). This volume examines the impact of economic reforms on fronts as varied as the fiscal situation of government of India, state finances, money, capital market, external sector, agriculture, industry, power, health, education, employment, unemployment and poverty.
The vibrancy of an economy depends on the constant flow of entrepreneurs who can take up challenges in business and industry. An entrepreneur is one of the important segments of economic growth. Schumpeter observes that economic development consists of employing resources in a different way in doing a new combination of means of production. He contends that economic growth depends on the rate of applied technical progress i.e. innovation rate of applied technical progress in the economic field which in turn depends on supply of entrepreneurs in society. Thus entrepreneur becomes the agent of change in society[1]. Entrepreneur’s motivations & aspirations are conducive to development. Entrepreneurial competence makes all the difference in the rate of economic growth. A broad based entrepreneurial class in India is a felt need and such an entrepreneurial class would speed up the process of activating the factors of production leading to a higher rate of economic growth dispersal of economic activities, development of backward & rural tribal areas, creation of employment opportunities, improvement in the standard of living of the weaker sections of the society and involvement of all sections of the society in the process of growth[2]. An entrepreneur plays a critical role in the process of socioeconomic change by envisaging new opportunities new techniques, new products & by coordinating all other activities.