Islamic States in Java 1500–1700

Islamic States in Java 1500–1700

Author: Theodore Gauthier Th. Pigeaud

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-12-01

Total Pages: 212

ISBN-13: 9401571872

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The growing interest in the history of Indonesia has made it desirable to have an English summary of the principal works of the Dutch historian Dr H. J. de Graaf, who in several books and articles published between 1935 and 1973 has given a description of the development of the Javanese kingdom of Mataram, based both on European and in digenous material. His works form a substantial contribution to the study of the national history of Indonesia. The Summary contains references to the paragraphs of the Dutch books and articles. This makes it easy for those readers who have a know ledge of Dutch to consult the original texts. The List of Sources for the study of Javanese history from 1500 to 1700 is composed of the lists in the summarized books and articles, and the Index of Names refers not only to the present Summary but also to the eight original texts. Many names of persons and localities in the Index have been provided with short explanatory notes and references to other lemmata as a quick way to give some provisional information on Javanese history.


Neural Approaches to Conversational AI: Question Answering, Task-Oriented Dialogues and Social Chatbots

Neural Approaches to Conversational AI: Question Answering, Task-Oriented Dialogues and Social Chatbots

Author: Jianfeng Gao

Publisher: Foundations and Trends(r) in I

Published: 2019-02-21

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 9781680835526

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This monograph is the first survey of neural approaches to conversational AI that targets Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval audiences. It provides a comprehensive survey of the neural approaches to conversational AI that have been developed in the last few years, covering QA, task-oriented and social bots with a unified view of optimal decision making.The authors draw connections between modern neural approaches and traditional approaches, allowing readers to better understand why and how the research has evolved and to shed light on how they can move forward. They also present state-of-the-art approaches to training dialogue agents using both supervised and reinforcement learning. Finally, the authors sketch out the landscape of conversational systems developed in the research community and released in industry, demonstrating via case studies the progress that has been made and the challenges that are still being faced.Neural Approaches to Conversational AI is a valuable resource for students, researchers, and software developers. It provides a unified view, as well as a detailed presentation of the important ideas and insights needed to understand and create modern dialogue agents that will be instrumental to making world knowledge and services accessible to millions of users in ways that seem natural and intuitive.


Earth's Shifting Crust

Earth's Shifting Crust

Author: Charles Hapgood

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2015-07-29

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781515211020

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The author's theories on earth science. Includes polar shift, ice ages, ancient climates, extinctions and more.


Dictionary of Khotan Saka

Dictionary of Khotan Saka

Author: Harold Walter Bailey

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-06-10

Total Pages: 580

ISBN-13: 9780521142502

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The Cambridge University Press published (1945-1967) in six volumes Professor Bailey's transcriptions of Saka manuscripts found in Sin Kiang and Kansu (of the ancient kingdom of Khotan). They are central to any study of Old Iranian and the Iranian dialects; and they are also important for further understanding of the religious tradition in the sacred Avesta of the Zoroastrians, and for the history of the peoples of Central Asia generally. This 1979 dictionary represents the fulfilment of a plan formed in 1934 which required first the editing and transcription of the manuscripts, and then the slow elucidation of the whole corpus of texts. It contains a linguistic analysis and translation of all the Iranian words used in the texts. It is the necessary key to the understanding of the texts, to the mastery of the language itself, and to the linking of Khotan Saka into the Indo-European linguistic tradition.