New Zealand children from 1840 to 1890 were subjected to an unusual combination of agrarian existence and an industrial social philosophy in the newly formed schools. When schools became more universal in the expanding industrial society, a new emphasis on the control of children developed, and from 1920 onward, adult supervision in the form of heavily organized sports and playgrounds encroached more and more on the untrammeled freedom of the rural environment. Returning to his home country of New Zealand, Brian Sutton-Smith documents the relationship between children's play and the actual process of history. Drawing on interviews with hundreds of informants from every province and school district of New Zealand, the author illuminates for the first time the various social, cultural, historical, and psychological context in which children's play occurs. He treats both formal and informal play, as well as the play of both boys and girls.
This annotated bibliography of New Zealand trade union literature includes human resources, labour studies and social history. It is more complete and up to date than Bert Roth's (1970, reprinted 1977) bibliography, and much of the material does not appear in Austin Bagnall's 'New Zealand National Bibliography'. Other than trade unions themselves, political and union activists, social historians, students and book researchers will find 'Words at Work' a valuable resource. Even a cursory glance at the wealth of literature, covering 130 years, recorded here shows a broad range of diverse activity across many occupational groupings, windmills that have been tilted at and often bent, the indefatigable nature of worker organisation and action, and the striving for progress in areas of life beyond the industrial.