Diagnostic of Concrete Samples Affected by Internal Swelling Reactions
Diagnostic of Concrete Samples Affected by Internal Swelling Reactions

Author: António C. Azevedo

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-06-18

Total Pages: 82

ISBN-13: 3030764974

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This book offers a complete diagnosis of concrete samples collected from a pile cap block of residential buildings affected by internal swelling reactions. Covering an extensive laboratory campaign to evaluate the transport properties of concrete samples, as well as their physical and chemical composition using advanced techniques to analyse cores extracted from real buildings that have concrete elements affected by internal swelling reactions (ISR). It features several rehabilitation procedures, pile caps repair and rehabilitation design, executed using strengthening procedures to provide the complete restoration of the structural integrity of the element deteriorated. These rehabilitation procedures proved to be a good solution to retrofit pile cap deteriorated by expansions due to internal swelling reactions of concrete. The book also offers a systematic review of the current state of knowledge and it is a valuable resource for scientists, students, and practitioners in various scientific and engineering disciplines, namely, civil and materials engineering, as well as and other interested parties.

Concrete Structures Deteriorated by Delayed Ettringite Formation and Alkali-Silica Reactions
Concrete Structures Deteriorated by Delayed Ettringite Formation and Alkali-Silica Reactions

Author: António C. Azevedo

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-09-14

Total Pages: 93

ISBN-13: 3031122674

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This book discusses the behaviour of isolated concrete bottle-shaped struts affected by internal expansion reactions (ISR). For that purpose, the numerical modelling of damaged concrete was performed using the Concrete Damaged Plasticity Model (CDPM) implemented in ABAQUS and validated the model through Sankovich's tests. A procedure to automatically obtain the concrete plasticity and damage parameters, essential for CDPM, was developed in Matlab. The inputs were the characteristic compressive strength of the concrete, the equivalent length of the finite element mesh and the ratio between the plastic and inelastic compressive strains. The results showed that the CDPM could represent the load-bearing mechanisms of isolated concrete bottle-shaped struts for a range of several stress levels to which these elements may be subjected in the panels investigated. The numerical simulations for different expansion levels consistently captured the expected damage profile of the panels and the load corresponding to the formation of the first crack, the estimated crack opening, and the ultimate load. For the panels investigated, the reduction observed in the failure load reached values close to 70%, the increase of the tensile plastic deformation was more than 60%, and the maximum crack opening can reach an increase of 113% when compared with those observed experimentally in panels without internal swelling reactions The book also offers a systematic review of the current state of knowledge and it is a valuable resource for scientists, students, practitioners, and lecturers in various scientific and engineering disciplines, namely, civil and materials engineering, as well as and other interested parties.

Masonry: Building Pathologies and Design
Masonry: Building Pathologies and Design

Author: João M. P. Q. Delgado

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-09-16

Total Pages: 159

ISBN-13: 3030804968

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This book presents a collection of recent research works related to blast resistant design, building pathologies, seismic coating, bottle-shaped concrete struts, delayed ettringite formation and waterproofing. It features eight chapters on building pathologies as well as a detailed set of references and suggestions for further reading. Offering a systematic review of the current state of knowledge, it is a valuable resource for scientists, students, practitioners, and lecturers in various scientific and engineering disciplines, including civil and materials engineering, as well as and other interested parties.

Internal Swelling Reactions in Concrete
Internal Swelling Reactions in Concrete

Author: Leandro F. M. Sanchez

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2024-02-19

Total Pages: 220

ISBN-13: 1003837921

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As critical concrete infrastructure deteriorates, engineers need efficient and reliable techniques to appraise the causes and the extent of deterioration, to evaluate the structural consequences and to select effective management protocols and rehabilitation strategies. This book looks at deterioration caused by internal swelling reaction (ISR) mechanisms in concrete, such as alkali-aggregate reaction, delayed ettringite formation and freeze-thaw cycles. The book provides accessible and comprehensive coverage of recent work and developments on the most common ISR mechanisms leading to induced expansion and deterioration. It addresses the implications of ISR on different scales (micro, meso and macro), outlines qualitative and quantitative techniques to assess the condition of affected concrete and introduces the multi-level assessment protocol, using advanced microscopic and mechanical techniques, particularly the stiffness damage test and damage rating index, as a reliable approach to appraise ISR-affected infrastructure. Also included is a detailed case study of the Robert-Bourassa Charest Overpass in Quebec. Internal Swelling Reactions in Concrete: Mechanisms and Condition Assessment is primarily intended for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as academics interested in the field of concrete durability and condition assessment of concrete. It will also be of interest to engineers and infrastructure owners dealing with ISR-related problems.

Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations
Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations

Author: Hiroshi Yokota

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2021-04-20

Total Pages: 8732

ISBN-13: 100017381X

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Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations contains lectures and papers presented at the Tenth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2020), held in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, April 11–15, 2021. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts and a USB card containing the full papers of 571 contributions presented at IABMAS 2020, including the T.Y. Lin Lecture, 9 Keynote Lectures, and 561 technical papers from 40 countries. The contributions presented at IABMAS 2020 deal with the state of the art as well as emerging concepts and innovative applications related to the main aspects of maintenance, safety, management, life-cycle sustainability and technological innovations of bridges. Major topics include: advanced bridge design, construction and maintenance approaches, safety, reliability and risk evaluation, life-cycle management, life-cycle sustainability, standardization, analytical models, bridge management systems, service life prediction, maintenance and management strategies, structural health monitoring, non-destructive testing and field testing, safety, resilience, robustness and redundancy, durability enhancement, repair and rehabilitation, fatigue and corrosion, extreme loads, and application of information and computer technology and artificial intelligence for bridges, among others. This volume provides both an up-to-date overview of the field of bridge engineering and significant contributions to the process of making more rational decisions on maintenance, safety, management, life-cycle sustainability and technological innovations of bridges for the purpose of enhancing the welfare of society. The Editors hope that these Proceedings will serve as a valuable reference to all concerned with bridge structure and infrastructure systems, including engineers, researchers, academics and students from all areas of bridge engineering.

Diagnosis & Prognosis of AAR Affected Structures
Diagnosis & Prognosis of AAR Affected Structures

Author: Victor E. Saouma

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-09-21

Total Pages: 603

ISBN-13: 3030440141

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This book presents the work of the RILEM Technical Committee 259-ISR. Addressing two complementary but fundamental issues: the kinetics of the reaction, and how this will affect the integrity of the structure (serviceability and strength), it also provides methodology for assessing past deterioration to enable readers to make engineering/science-based predictions concerning future expansion. The book is divided into six major topics: selection and interpretation of optimal monitoring system for structures undergoing expansion to monitor the progress of the swelling evolution and its consequences; development/refinement of current laboratory procedures to determine the kinetics of the reaction i.e. expansion vs (future) time, and to determine the kinetic characteristics of the time-dependent reaction to be used in a finite element simulation; extrapolation of results from structural component laboratory testing; selection of material properties based on data from existing structures affected by the alkali silica reaction or delayed ettringite formation; identification of critical features that should be present in a finite element code, development of test problems for validation, and a survey of relevant programs able to conduct a transient structural analysis of a structure undergoing chemically induced expansion; and lastly guidelines for finite element codes. The book is intended for practitioners responsible for concrete structures affected by the damaging alkali aggregate reaction, engineers dealing with aging structures, and researchers in the field.

Bridge Management 5
Bridge Management 5

Author: G. A. R. Parke

Publisher: Thomas Telford Publishing

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 696

ISBN-13:

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Contains over eighty papers covering the fields of bridge management systems, inspection methods, structural assessment and maintenance strategies; together with the reliability and risk management techniques. This book is useful for bridge owners and engineers engaged in bridge design, assessment, repair and strengthening. The last five years have seen the art of bridge management develop into a mature subject. Bridge owners and engineers recognise the importance of implementing fully operational bridge management strategies to ensure that all road and rail bridges remain functional for as long as possible. Bridge structures form a major part of the vast financial investment in infrastructure and consequently their careful management involving structural appraisal, repair and strengthening is of paramount importance. Factors such as the chosen repair method can influence how often and for how long a bridge structure is out of operation. This in turn, determines the ensuing traffic and/or rail delay costs and also any resulting increase in traffic pollution.The 5th volume on Bridge Management contains over eighty papers which span the fields of bridge management systems, inspection methods, structural assessment and maintenance strategies; together with the latest reliability and risk management techniques. Almost all of these papers have been presented at the Fifth International Conference on Bridge Management held at the University of Surrey in Guildford, UK in 2005. The book will prove to be a very useful reference manual for all bridge owners and engineers engaged in bridge design, assessment, repair and strengthening. The volume is also recommended as a reference text for other professionals who are concerned with care of the environment and the minimisation of pollution due to traffic delays and non-conventional repair and protection methods.

Swelling Concrete in Dams and Hydraulic Structures
Swelling Concrete in Dams and Hydraulic Structures

Author: Alain Sellier

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-08-07

Total Pages: 388

ISBN-13: 1786302136

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The swelling of concrete is a major concern for the owners and operators of dams and hydraulic structures. Faced with irreversible movement of their dams or with observations of cracking processes, operators need to explain the phenomena observed in order to justify safety conditions and in some cases to plan remedial works. Over the last 20 years, active research has been carried out in the field, resulting in practical results in phenomena interpretation and dam modeling. At the same time, an increasing number of affected dams have undergone safety re-evaluations and in some cases remedial work. Several of them have been removed altogether. Although it remains difficult to establish a “state of the art” in this domain due to the rapidly changing context, regular international exchanges in the field appear fruitful and necessary. Following on from previous conferences in the field organized by Robin Charlwood, former President of the ICOLD Concrete Committee, the initiative was taken by EDF and Toulouse University-LMDC to organize a workshop to provide a new opportunity for sharing experience. The aim of this workshop is to assemble active researchers, leading engineers, and experts from the practicing community and administration interested directly or indirectly in concrete swelling effects in dams and hydraulic structures. All types of chemical expansion phenomena, including those due to alkali aggregate reactions and those due to ettringite formation, are addressed. These proceedings include 24 papers written by experts renowned in their field, illustrating the need to progress with interdisciplinary approaches.