Determinants and Consequences of Budget Reallocations
Author: Isabella Grabner
Publisher:
Published: 2020
Total Pages:
ISBN-13:
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Determinants and Consequences of Budget Reallocations
Author: Isabella Grabner
Publisher:
Published: 2015
Total Pages: 44
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn this study, we investigate the determinants and consequences of budget reallocations, i.e., corrective actions to the budget made during the year. In particular, we analyze in how far allocation decisions regarding the initial budget drive subsequent reallocations, over and above the new information on economic factors that managers incorporate in their reallocation decisions. Using proprietary data of a large European consumer goods manufacturer, we hypothesize and find that deviations from the economically predicted initial budget influence the likelihood of budget cuts directly in the reallocation process in an attempt to increase efficiency, as well as indirectly via the influence on entities' performance development during the year. In a more exploratory analysis, we show that such reallocations do not have the desired effects on market-place and financial performance. In particular, budget cuts are negatively associated with a product's profitability, as well as the change in market share. More surprisingly, budget boosts do not have an (positive) effect on these performance indicators. Most importantly, our results demonstrate that efficient investment planning ex-ante is essential to achieve an improvement in performance, highlighting the value of budgeting.
Guidelines for Public Expenditure Management
Author: Mr.Jack Diamond
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 1999-07-01
Total Pages: 84
ISBN-13: 9781557757876
DOWNLOAD EBOOKTraditionally, economics training in public finances has focused more on tax than public expenditure issues, and within expenditure, more on policy considerations than the more mundane matters of public expenditure management. For many years, the IMF's Public Expenditure Management Division has answered specific questions raised by fiscal economists on such missions. Based on this experience, these guidelines arose from the need to provide a general overview of the principles and practices observed in three key aspects of public expenditure management: budget preparation, budget execution, and cash planning. For each aspect of public expenditure management, the guidelines identify separately the differing practices in four groups of countries - the francophone systems, the Commonwealth systems, Latin America, and those in the transition economies. Edited by Barry H. Potter and Jack Diamond, this publication is intended for a general fiscal, or a general budget, advisor interested in the macroeconomic dimension of public expenditure management.
Health System Efficiency
Author: Jonathan Cylus
Publisher: Health Policy
Published: 2016-12-15
Total Pages: 264
ISBN-13: 9789289050418
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn this book the authors explore the state of the art on efficiency measurement in health systems and international experts offer insights into the pitfalls and potential associated with various measurement techniques. The authors show that: - The core idea of efficiency is easy to understand in principle - maximizing valued outputs relative to inputs, but is often difficult to make operational in real-life situations - There have been numerous advances in data collection and availability, as well as innovative methodological approaches that give valuable insights into how efficiently health care is delivered - Our simple analytical framework can facilitate the development and interpretation of efficiency indicators.
Budget Theory in the Public Sector
Author: Aman Khan
Publisher: Praeger
Published: 2002-12-30
Total Pages: 328
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis title seeks to open new areas of inquiry into the art and skill of public sector budgeting. It sees it as an institutional process, decision making tool, and, when well done, a reflection of managerial efficiency.
The Healthcare Imperative
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2011-01-17
Total Pages: 852
ISBN-13: 0309144337
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe United States has the highest per capita spending on health care of any industrialized nation but continually lags behind other nations in health care outcomes including life expectancy and infant mortality. National health expenditures are projected to exceed $2.5 trillion in 2009. Given healthcare's direct impact on the economy, there is a critical need to control health care spending. According to The Health Imperative: Lowering Costs and Improving Outcomes, the costs of health care have strained the federal budget, and negatively affected state governments, the private sector and individuals. Healthcare expenditures have restricted the ability of state and local governments to fund other priorities and have contributed to slowing growth in wages and jobs in the private sector. Moreover, the number of uninsured has risen from 45.7 million in 2007 to 46.3 million in 2008. The Health Imperative: Lowering Costs and Improving Outcomes identifies a number of factors driving expenditure growth including scientific uncertainty, perverse economic and practice incentives, system fragmentation, lack of patient involvement, and under-investment in population health. Experts discussed key levers for catalyzing transformation of the delivery system. A few included streamlined health insurance regulation, administrative simplification and clarification and quality and consistency in treatment. The book is an excellent guide for policymakers at all levels of government, as well as private sector healthcare workers.
Public Expenditure Management
Author: A. Premchand
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 1993-03-15
Total Pages: 300
ISBN-13: 9781557753236
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book, by A. Premchand, a former Assistant Director of IMF's Fiscal Affairs Department, provides a comprehensive discussion of the expenditure process in public authorities from a management perspective. It covers the various aspects, ranging from budget formulation to the courteous delivery of services to the public. In each, it considers the critical issues faced in industrial and developing countries and formerly centrally planned economies and discusses the efforts necessary to assure the public about the adequacy of public expenditure management machinery.
Beyond the Annual Budget
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 2012-11-12
Total Pages: 261
ISBN-13: 0821396277
DOWNLOAD EBOOKBeyond the Annual Budget is a comprehensive review of country experience with Medium Term Expenditure Frameworks (MTEFs) worldwide. It looks at countries both with and without MTEFs over the period 1990 to 2008 to obtain results about their impact on fiscal performance.
Closing the Gap in a Generation
Author: WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health
Publisher: World Health Organization
Published: 2008
Total Pages: 257
ISBN-13: 9241563702
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSocial justice is a matter of life and death. It affects the way people live, their consequent chance of illness, and their risk of premature death. We watch in wonder as life expectancy and good health continue to increase in parts of the world and in alarm as they fail to improve in others.
Institutional Effects as Determinants of Learning Outcomes
Author: Jesús Alvarez
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 2007
Total Pages: 32
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis paper uses the OECD's Program for International Student Assessment student-level achievement database for Mexico to estimate state education production functions, controlling for student characteristics, family background, home inputs, resources, and institutions. The authors take advantage of the state-level variation and representative sample to analyze the impact of institutional factors such as state accountability systems and the role of teachers' unions in student achievement. They argue that accountability, through increased use of state assessments, will improve learning outcomes. The authors also cast light on the role of teachers' unions, namely their strength through appointments to the school and relations with state governments. The analysis shows the importance of good relations between states and unions. Furthermore, it demonstrates that accountability systems are cost-effective measures for improving outcomes.
