Detecting Change in Central California Coast Coho Salmon Habitat in Scotts Creek, California, from 1997–2013
Detecting Change in Central California Coast Coho Salmon Habitat in Scotts Creek, California, from 1997–2013

Author: Ashley Brubaker Hillard

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 111

ISBN-13:

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Scotts Creek, in Santa Cruz County, Calif., supports the southernmost extant population of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in North America. In 1997, the California Department of Fish and Game (now Fish and Wildlife) conducted an extensive habitat typing survey of mainstem Scotts Creek, describing all habitat units from the top of the estuary to the limit of anadromy approximately 12 km upstream. I repeated this survey in 2013 to (1) assess changes in the quantity and quality of instream habitat, (2) compare the current condition to goals and standards established in the federal Central California Coast (CCC) Coho Salmon Recovery Plan, and (3) identify opportunities for possible future restoration. A comparison of the two surveys revealed an overall increase in mean canopy cover, mean bank vegetation, mean percentage instream cover, pool depth diversity, and percentage riffles since 1997, and decreases in mean residual pool depth, percentage flatwater, and number of primary pools. Overall, the percentage of the total mainstem classified as pool habitat did not change between the two survey periods. Results for individual habitat metrics were more variable when the stream was broken into discrete reaches delineated by major tributary junctions. Although a large woody debris (LWD) survey was not conducted as part of the 1997 survey, contrasting our results with data collected during intervening years indicated that instream LWD has become more abundant, primarily due to increases in hard-wood species (i.e., red alder [Alnus rubra] and California bay [Umbellularia californica]). When compared to habitat goals established in the federal CCC Coho Salmon Recovery Plan, Scotts Creek has adequate canopy cover and percentage pools, but is lacking in percentage riffles, instream cover, key pieces of LWD per100 m, and percentage primary pools.

Historical and Current Presence-absence of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus Kisutch) in the Central California Coast Evolutionary Significant Unit
Historical and Current Presence-absence of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus Kisutch) in the Central California Coast Evolutionary Significant Unit

Author: Peter Burton Adams

Publisher:

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13:

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"This report is a summary of the presence and absence of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, in streams in the Central California Coast Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU). Only streams with historical records of coho occupancy are considered. It has been prepared to assist in Endangered Species Act activities... Presence absence data used here come from surveys conducted for this study and fron data collected by other researchers. A preliminary report of this data, which included only approximately one-half of these streams, was published earlier... to meet earlier listing requirements."--p.Abstract.

Central California Coho
Central California Coho

Author: Michael Carl

Publisher: Michael Carl

Published: 2013-03-01

Total Pages: 66

ISBN-13:

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Today, fisheries biologists fear coho salmon face extinction along the Central Coast of California. Is extinction inevitable or can we recover their populations in time? By their nature, coho are reclusive. They enter their streams to spawn when the flows run high and off-color. They prefer the cover of darkness to move upstream and typically build their redds in the most remote stretch of a coastal stream. They spook easy and rarely are seem in their element. Avoiding public awareness seems to be by choice, but their long term survival looks dire without greater awareness on our part.

Endangered and Threatened Species - Range Extension for Endangered Central California Coast Coho Salmon (Us National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regulation) (Noaa) (2018 Edition)
Endangered and Threatened Species - Range Extension for Endangered Central California Coast Coho Salmon (Us National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regulation) (Noaa) (2018 Edition)

Author: The Law Library

Publisher: Independently Published

Published: 2019-01-11

Total Pages: 26

ISBN-13: 9781793911285

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The Law Library presents the complete text of the Endangered and Threatened Species - Range Extension for Endangered Central California Coast Coho Salmon (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regulation) (NOAA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 We, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), are issuing a final rule under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended, that redefines the geographic range of the endangered Central California Coast (CCC) coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) to include all naturally spawned populations of coho salmon that occur in Soquel and Aptos creeks. Information supporting this boundary change includes recent observations of coho salmon in Soquel Creek, genetic analysis of these fish indicating they are derived from other nearby populations in the ESU, and the presence of freshwater habitat conditions and watershed processes in Soquel and Aptos Creeks that are similar to those found in closely adjacent watersheds that support coho salmon populations that are part of the ESU. We have also reassessed the status of this ESU throughout its redefined range and conclude that it continues to be endangered. This ebook contains: - The complete text of the Endangered and Threatened Species - Range Extension for Endangered Central California Coast Coho Salmon (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regulation) (NOAA) (2018 Edition) - A dynamic table of content linking to each section - A table of contents in introduction presenting a general overview of the structure

California's Salmon and Steelhead
California's Salmon and Steelhead

Author: Alan Lufkin

Publisher: Univ of California Press

Published: 2023-11-10

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13: 0520337859

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Millions upon millions of salmon and steelhead once filled California streams, providing a plentiful and sustainable food resource for the original peoples of the region. But over the years, dams and irrigation diversions have reduced natural spawning habitat from an estimated 6,000 miles to fewer than 300. River pollution has also hit hard at fish populations, which within recent decades have diminished by 80 percent. One species, the San Joaquin River spring chinook, became extinct soon after World War II. Other species are nearly extinct. This volume documents the reasons for the decline; it also offers practical suggestions about how the decline might be reversed. The California salmon story is presented here in human perspective: its broad historical, economic, cultural, and political facets, as well as the biological, are all treated. No comparable work has ever been published, although some of the material has been available for half a century. In the richly varied contributions in this volume, the reader meets Indians whose history is tied to the history of the salmon and steelhead upon which they depend; commercial trollers who see their livelihood and unique lifestyle vanishing; biologists and fishery managers alarmed at the loss of river water habitable by fish and at the effects of hatcheries on native gene pools. Women who fish, conservation-minded citizens, foresters, economists, outdoor writers, engineers, politicians, city youth restoring streambeds—all are represented. Their lives—and the lives of all Californians—are affected in myriad ways by the fate of California's salmon and steelhead. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1991.

Biological Opinion for the Trinity River Mainstem Fishery Restoration Eis and Its Effects on Southern Oregon/Northern California Coast Coho Salmon, Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon, Central Valley Spring-Run Chinook Salmon
Biological Opinion for the Trinity River Mainstem Fishery Restoration Eis and Its Effects on Southern Oregon/Northern California Coast Coho Salmon, Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon, Central Valley Spring-Run Chinook Salmon

Author: U. S. National Marine Fisheries Service

Publisher: Forgotten Books

Published: 2018-01-10

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13: 9780428362676

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Excerpt from Biological Opinion for the Trinity River Mainstem Fishery Restoration Eis and Its Effects on Southern Oregon/Northern California Coast Coho Salmon, Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon, Central Valley Spring-Run Chinook Salmon: And Central Valley Steelhead; October 12, 2000 The nmfs received a request for formal consultation under section 7 of the esa on the effects of the proposed action on listed Trinity River coho salmon, Central Valley spring-run chinook salmon, and Sacramento River winter-run chinook salmon (december 14, 1999, letter from M. Spear, usfws, and L. Snow, bor). Subsequently, the nmfs received a follow-up letter (june 6, 2000, letter and enclosures from M. Spear and L. Snow to R. Mcginnis [sic]) and enclosed BA that provided supplemental information about the proposed action. In addition to the initial consultation request, the June 6, 2000, letter requested (and provided supplemental information for): (1) reinitiation of the 1992-1993 consultation concerning the impacts to winter-run chinook salmon, and its designated critical habitat resulting from the long term implementation of the Operating Criteria and Plan (ocap) for the Central Valley Project, due to changed circumstances that would result fi'om implementation of the proposed actions; and (2) About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Historical and Current Presence-absence Data of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus Kisutch) in the Central California Evolutionary Significant Unit
Historical and Current Presence-absence Data of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus Kisutch) in the Central California Evolutionary Significant Unit

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13:

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A summary of the presence and absence of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, in streams in the Central California Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU) with historical records of this species has been prepared to assist in the Endangered Species Act listing process. Presence-absence data were used because of: 1) the short time frame indicated by the listing process, and 2) the use of presence-absence data in pre-listing documents. Presence-absence data used here come form surveys conducted for this study and from data collected by other researchers. Coho salmon were absent from 50% of the historical record streams. This figure is similar to reports by earlier researchers. The percent of historical record streams with coho salmon absent is highest in the highly urbanized San Francisco Bay and the lowest in coastal Marin County. Percent of absence was also high in Sonoma County, with other areas being roughly equal.