Provides previously hard-to-find data on crime in developing countries through information obtained from victimization surveys. A review of the main findings regarding the participating countries from a comparative perspective. Provides reports for each city & country: Beijing, China; Bombay, India; Jakarta, Indonesia; Manila, the Philippines; Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; San Jose, Costa Rica; Tunis, Tunisia; Cairo, Egypt; Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; Kampala, Uganda & Johannesburg, South Africa.
"This book is important for students who want to put domestic crime and justice issues and criminological theories in an international perspective....It is more than likely that this book will also interest all those who are professionally or privately interested in issues of crime, corruption, terrorism, law enforcement, criminal justice and sustainable development." —Johnson Thomas, BUSINESS INDIA In today′s interdependent world, governments must become more transparent about their crime and justice problems. The World of Crime: Breaking the Silence on Problems of Security, Justice and Development Across the World seeks to break the "conspiracy of silence" regarding statistical information on these sensitive issues. It subsequently analyzes the macro causes of crime such as rapid urbanization, economic inequality, gender discrimination, abuse of alcohol, and drugs and availability of guns. Furthermore, the book analyzes the impact of crime on individuals and societies. Using a wealth of statistical information, the author underlines the need of greater international efforts to tackle transnational problems of crime. Key Features Presents 13 chapters, which are organized in 4 main parts, that cover measurement challenges, common crimes, emerging global crimes, criminal justice, and international perspectives on crime and justice Contains statistical data taken from 2005 International Crime Victim Surveys Includes high quality figures such as scatter plots, graphs, and maps Features summary reviews and figure footnotes at the ends of each chapter Intended Audience: The book is intended as a supplementary text for introduction to criminology, criminal justice, and comparative justice courses and is also appropriate for those professionally interested in security, criminal justice and development.
This report presents the key findings of the 2004/2005 International Crime Victims Survey (ICVS) together with the results of the European Survey on Crime and Safety (EU ICS). The surveys cover 30 countries and 33 capital or main cities. Where appropriate, the results are compared with those of the four earlier ICVS surveys, conducted in 1989, 1992, 1996 and 2000. The report presents data from the following 30 countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, England & Wales, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the USA. Also data from 33 main cities of a selection of developed and developing countries are presented including cities from Argentina, Brazil, Peru, South Africa, Hong Kong-China and Cambodia. The report shows how individual countries and cities compare with each other in relation to crime victimisation rates for ten types of common crimes including car theft, household burglary, robbery, assaults and sexual offences. Where possible, comparisons are also made regarding trends in crime over time in various countries. Besides, the levels of some non-conventional crimes such as corruption, internetbased fraud and hate crimes are addressed as well. The report also gives information on related topics such as reporting to the police, fear of crime, crime prevention measures and opinions about the police and sentencing.
Crime long has been a silent partner in China's march to modernization, leading the regime to make law and order as central a priority as economic growth and the promise of prosperity. This groundbreaking study offers the first comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of Chinese crime, policing, and punishment. A multidisciplinary group of leading scholars draw on a rich body of empirical data and rare archival research to illuminate seldom-explored theoretical dimensions of legal ideology and reform as well as the linkages between crime and control to broader themes of law, modernization, and development. The authors balance comparative perspectives with an understanding of China's unique historical and cultural experience. This context is critical, the authors argue, as crime and control are at the root of modernity and how it is defined. In many ways the PRC is reliving the experiences of other industrializing countries, yet at the same time the practices of China's police and prison system also are painted with thick layers of historical memory. Order has become increasingly important in legitimizing the Chinese regime, but its practices and ideas of policing are often missing from our picture of Chinese social and political development. This important book's discussion of the paradoxes of policing and the problems of order bridges that gap and demystifies developments in China. All those interested in modern and contemporary Chinese politics, law, and society, as well as in comparative criminology and law, will find this work an invaluable resource. Contributions by: B rge Bakken, Frank Dik tter, Michael Dutton, James D. Seymour, Murray Scot Tanner, and Xu Zhangrun.
This book describes various types and sources of crime and explanatory data available to study variation in crime across nations. Problems with the data and appropriate methods for adjusting and analyzing the data are described. A thorough review of theories and past cross-national crime research is included. This book intends to facilitate and stimulate quality cross-national crime research. The book notes past misuse of data, such as using homicide rates unadjusted for attempts, as well as inconsistencies and contradictions in past research. The major theories and concepts which have been used to explain crime across nations are described in detail and critiqued. Inconsistencies and contradictions in results are noted, and avenues for future research are offered. Methodological techniques, issues, and problems involved in analysis are also presented and new approaches to dealing with the resulting data are projected. Extensive appendixes give information and contacts to researchers, providing a network for research in cross-national crime heretofore lacking.
Research and data gathered by the UN Centre for International Crime Prevention. The work combines a wealth of information about crime and justice from UN member states and beyond, and presents emerging crime trends and operations of criminal justice systems on a comparative basis.
"[A] cogent and well-informed discussion of the South African Police Service and the organisational problems it faces." —Stephen Ellis Since the mid-1990s, South Africa has experienced a crime wave of such unprecedented proportions that the ability of the new democracy to form a stable civil society and govern effectively has been called into question. In this timely book, Mark Shaw describes how a police force that was so effective under apartheid became so ineffectual in the face of rising crime. He shows how an increase in violent crime shapes society, police, and government, and discusses possible solutions for the current crisis. International crimes such as war, terrorism, and organized crime are explored along with crimes that affect individual security, such as armed robbery, murder, and rape. Crime and Policing in Post-Apartheid South Africa draws attention to both the national and the international dimensions of crime in this society in transition.
With surveys of fourteen countries, this publication presents a comparative criminological & developmental perspective. Its discussion of victimisation rates by type of crime, policing in the developing world, punishment, women victims & crime prevention, also affords a comparison with industrialised countries & emerging market democracies. Numerous tables are included.
The book analyses the results of a large scale victimisation survey that was conducted in 2005-06 with businesses in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Xi’an. It also provides comprehensive background materials on crime and the criminal justice system in China. The survey, which measured common and non-conventional crime such as fraud, IP theft and corruption, is important because few crime victim surveys have been conducted with Chinese populations and it provides an understanding of some dimensions of crime in non-western societies. In addition, China is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world and it attracts a great amount of foreign investment; however, corruption and economic crimes are perceived by some investors as significant obstacles to good business practices. Key policy implications of the survey are discussed.
