Contract Manufacturing of Medicines

Contract Manufacturing of Medicines

Author: Magdalena Krekora

Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.

Published: 2008-01-01

Total Pages: 462

ISBN-13: 9041126422

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Taking advantage of liberal regulations under the current world trade regime that permit the separation of manufacturing from marketing, many pharmaceutical companies (like other companies) outsource the actual manufacture of their products. However, because the quality of medicines is crucial to public health, the pharmaceutical industry is perhaps the most regulated of all industries. In most countries medicines are controlled prior to their marketing, and their manufacture is carried out under strict supervision. Necessarily, numerous international initiatives have led to elaboration of standards relating to the manufacture and marketing of medicines. These standards impose stringent rules on all parties to pharmaceutical manufacturing contracts. This very useful book provides a comprehensive global guide to the legal issues and procedures involved in outsourcing the manufacture of medicines. It describes the legal requirements relating to the manufacture and distribution of medicines, emphasising the impact of regulatory supervision on the rights and obligations of persons who outsource manufacturing of medicines and on those who provide the manufacturing services. The author provides detailed coverage of such pertinent topics as the following: and• definition of and‘medicineand’ in different jurisdictions; and• categories of medicines; and• manufacturing and importation regulation in numerous jurisdictions worldwide; and• inspection regimes; and• good manufacturing practice (GMP); and• marketing authorization; and• manufacturing documentation; and• complaints and product recall; and• liability insurance; and• protection of trade secrets; and• data exclusivity and data protection; and• deficiencies and delays; and and• recognition and enforcement of judgements. A significant part of the book is devoted to cross-border problems arising from such matters as conflict of laws or taxation. Indispensable to counsel for pharmaceutical companies of any size, Contract Manufacturing of Medicines will also be of great value to practitioners and academics concerned with international trade for its precise, in-depth delineation of the inner workings of a complex and highly significant trade regime.


Continuous Manufacturing for the Modernization of Pharmaceutical Production

Continuous Manufacturing for the Modernization of Pharmaceutical Production

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2019-04-05

Total Pages: 69

ISBN-13: 0309487811

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On July 30-31, 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop titled Continuous Manufacturing for the Modernization of Pharmaceutical Production. This workshop discussed the business and regulatory concerns associated with adopting continuous manufacturing techniques to produce biologics such as enzymes, monoclonal antibodies, and vaccines. The participants also discussed specific challenges for integration across the manufacturing system, including upstream and downstream processes, analytical techniques, and drug product development. The workshop addressed these challenges broadly across the biologics domain but focused particularly on drug categories of greatest FDA and industrial interest such as monoclonal antibodies and vaccines. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.


Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Handbook

Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Handbook

Author: Shayne Cox Gad

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2008-03-11

Total Pages: 1386

ISBN-13: 0470259809

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This handbook features contributions from a team of expert authors representing the many disciplines within science, engineering, and technology that are involved in pharmaceutical manufacturing. They provide the information and tools you need to design, implement, operate, and troubleshoot a pharmaceutical manufacturing system. The editor, with more than thirty years' experience working with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, carefully reviewed all the chapters to ensure that each one is thorough, accurate, and clear.


Contract Research and Manufacturing Services (CRAMS) in India

Contract Research and Manufacturing Services (CRAMS) in India

Author: Milind Antani

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-10-31

Total Pages: 251

ISBN-13: 1908818166

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The field of contract research and manufacturing broadly encompasses those services in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors that require extensive research and development and large-scale manufacturing facilities. The field has great potential for growth in the Indian outsourcing industry, which is world-renowned for its provision of cheap and highly-skilled services. Contract research and manufacturing services (CRAMS) in India provides a detailed account of the current scenario in India and the advantages that the Indian outsourcing industry can offer in the field of CRAMS. Following an overview of the services and their emergence in India, chapters in the book begin by discussing the legal and regulatory scenario and major concerns and issues. In the latter part of the book, topics covered include service agreements, dispute resolution and contract negotiations, followed by a discussion of the outlook for CRAMS in India and some concluding remarks. Several appendices are included, offering a list of major players in the field and various forms for use in licence applications. - Simple and accessible presentation using tables, charts and diagrams - Practical tips from leading practitioners - Inclusion of relevant case laws and other legal considerations


Making Medicines Affordable

Making Medicines Affordable

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2018-03-01

Total Pages: 235

ISBN-13: 0309468086

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Thanks to remarkable advances in modern health care attributable to science, engineering, and medicine, it is now possible to cure or manage illnesses that were long deemed untreatable. At the same time, however, the United States is facing the vexing challenge of a seemingly uncontrolled rise in the cost of health care. Total medical expenditures are rapidly approaching 20 percent of the gross domestic product and are crowding out other priorities of national importance. The use of increasingly expensive prescription drugs is a significant part of this problem, making the cost of biopharmaceuticals a serious national concern with broad political implications. Especially with the highly visible and very large price increases for prescription drugs that have occurred in recent years, finding a way to make prescription medicinesâ€"and health care at largeâ€"more affordable for everyone has become a socioeconomic imperative. Affordability is a complex function of factors, including not just the prices of the drugs themselves, but also the details of an individual's insurance coverage and the number of medical conditions that an individual or family confronts. Therefore, any solution to the affordability issue will require considering all of these factors together. The current high and increasing costs of prescription drugsâ€"coupled with the broader trends in overall health care costsâ€"is unsustainable to society as a whole. Making Medicines Affordable examines patient access to affordable and effective therapies, with emphasis on drug pricing, inflation in the cost of drugs, and insurance design. This report explores structural and policy factors influencing drug pricing, drug access programs, the emerging role of comparative effectiveness assessments in payment policies, changing finances of medical practice with regard to drug costs and reimbursement, and measures to prevent drug shortages and foster continued innovation in drug development. It makes recommendations for policy actions that could address drug price trends, improve patient access to affordable and effective treatments, and encourage innovations that address significant needs in health care.


Regulating Medicines in a Globalized World

Regulating Medicines in a Globalized World

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2020-04-25

Total Pages: 169

ISBN-13: 0309498635

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Globalization is rapidly changing lives and industries around the world. Drug development, authorization, and regulatory supervision have become international endeavors, with most medicines becoming global commodities. Drug companies utilize global supply chains that often include facilities in countries with inconsistent regulations from those of the United States, perform pivotal trials in multiple countries to support registration submissions in various jurisdictions, and subsequently market their medicines throughout most of the world. These companies operate across borders and require individual national regulators to ensure that drugs authorized for use in their countries are safe and effective, and appropriate for their health care system and their population. This process involves significant resources and often duplicative work. It is important to consider how this process can be improved in order to better allocate resources, time, and efforts to improve public health. Regulating Medicines in a Globalized World: The Need for Increased Reliance Among Regulators considers the role of mutual recognition and other reliance activities among regulators in contributing to enhancing public health. This report identifies opportunities for leveraging reliance activities more broadly in order to potentially impact public health globally. Key topics in this report include the job of medicines regulators in today's world, what policy makers need to know about today's regulatory environment, stakeholder views of recognition and reliance, as well as removing impediments and facilitating action for greater recognition and reliance among regulatory authorities.


Continuous Biomanufacturing

Continuous Biomanufacturing

Author: Ganapathy Subramanian

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-12-26

Total Pages: 628

ISBN-13: 3527340637

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This is the most comprehensive treatise of this topic available, providing invaluable information on the technological and economic benefits to be gained from implementing continuous processes in the biopharmaceutical industry. Top experts from industry and academia cover the latest technical developments in the field, describing the use of single-use technologies alongside perfusion production platforms and downstream operations. Special emphasis is given to process control and monitoring, including such topics as 'quality by design' and automation. The book is supplemented by case studies that highlight the enormous potential of continuous manufacturing for biopharmaceutical production facilities.


Strategic Supply Chain Management 2E (PB)

Strategic Supply Chain Management 2E (PB)

Author: Shoshanah Cohen

Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional

Published: 2013-06-21

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 0071813098

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Praise For Strategic Supply Chain Management: "This book shows convincingly that a robust supply chain strategy is critical for business success in today's uncertain economic environment. Cohen and Roussel explain not only what makes for a good supply chain strategy but also how to put that strategy into practice." -- Jim Miller, VP, Worldwide Operations, Google "Strategic Supply Chain Management loudly and clearly makes the case that successful companies' supply chain strategies are closely aligned with their competitive differentiation and operating models. The book uses in-depth examples that bring these concepts to life and demonstrate that one size doesn't fit all. Anyone who thinks operations is just another corporate function needs to read this book." -- Manish Bhatia, SVP, Worldwide Operations, SanDisk "The advent of global marketplaces, heightened competition, accelerated pace of product innovation, and fast-changing customer preferences have increased the impact of the supply chain on company profitability and long-term success. But cultural challenges to successful supply chain design remain. Cohen and Roussel's book provides a platform for addressing these challenges and is recommended reading for chief executives, strategy professionals, and supply chain practitioners." -- Martin Roper, Chief Executive Officer and President, Boston Beer "The authors present a straightforward path for developing and deploying a global supply chain strategy that addresses the priorities of today's executive management teams." --Hau Lee, Thoma Professor of Operations, Information and Technology, Stanford Graduate School of Business The classic guide to supply chain strategy--re-created to help business leaders gain an advantage in today's volatile, globalized arena The global landscape has changed dramatically since the first edition of Strategic Supply Chain Management established itself as the authority on creating value and achieving competitive advantage from the supply chain. Shorter economic cycles, more-frequent natural disasters, higher costs in low-cost countries, more-restricted access to working capital, and greater focus on sustainability have made effective supply chain management much more challenging--and much more critical to the bottom line. This second edition is your answer to gaining a strategic advantage in the face of these challenges. Drawing on dozens of new company examples as well as cutting-edge benchmarking research, it shows you how to make your supply chains more agile, flexible, and resilient. With 80 easy-to-read tables and diagrams, this fully revised book explains how to: Develop a supply chain strategy that will help you realize your business goals Design a process architecture that maps out the activities of the end-to-end supply chain Create the most effective supply chain organization Build the most beneficial relationships with your supply chain partners Use metrics to assess and drive business success Implement transformational change See how today's best supply chain strategies work in all-new profiles of BASF, Essilor, Haier, Kaiser Permanente, Lenovo, and Schlumberger. Find out what these industry leaders are doing to get the greatest value out of their supply chains. When value depends on how well you deliver, you need Strategic Supply Chain Management, Second Edition.


Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs

Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2013-06-20

Total Pages: 377

ISBN-13: 0309269393

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The adulteration and fraudulent manufacture of medicines is an old problem, vastly aggravated by modern manufacturing and trade. In the last decade, impotent antimicrobial drugs have compromised the treatment of many deadly diseases in poor countries. More recently, negligent production at a Massachusetts compounding pharmacy sickened hundreds of Americans. While the national drugs regulatory authority (hereafter, the regulatory authority) is responsible for the safety of a country's drug supply, no single country can entirely guarantee this today. The once common use of the term counterfeit to describe any drug that is not what it claims to be is at the heart of the argument. In a narrow, legal sense a counterfeit drug is one that infringes on a registered trademark. The lay meaning is much broader, including any drug made with intentional deceit. Some generic drug companies and civil society groups object to calling bad medicines counterfeit, seeing it as the deliberate conflation of public health and intellectual property concerns. Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs accepts the narrow meaning of counterfeit, and, because the nuances of trademark infringement must be dealt with by courts, case by case, the report does not discuss the problem of counterfeit medicines.