Draft Cultural Property (Armed Conflicts) Bill
Draft Cultural Property (Armed Conflicts) Bill

Author: Great Britain: Department for Culture, Media and Sport

Publisher: The Stationery Office

Published: 2008-01-07

Total Pages: 100

ISBN-13: 9780101729826

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The aim of this Bill is to ensure the security of the nation's most important cultural property in the event of armed conflict, and further, that the UK takes the obligation under international humanitarian law to respect and safeguard the cultural property of other nations. The Bill is required to enable the UK to ratify the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (The Hague Convention) and accede to its two protocols (1954 and 1999). The Convention, adopted following the massive destruction which took place during the Second World War, provides a system to protect cultural property from the effects of international and domestic armed conflict. Parties to the Convention are required to respect cultural property situated within the territories of other parties by not attacking it, and respect cultural property within their own territory by not using it for the purposes which are likely to expose it to destruction or damage during armed conflict. The document sets out: a Draft Bill; Explanatory Notes and Regulatory Impact Assessment.

The Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict
The Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict

Author: Jiří Toman

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 578

ISBN-13:

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Article-by-article commentary on the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (The Hague, 1954), the only universal legal instrument in this field. The author also comments on the Regulations for the Convention's execution, its protocol and the relevant provisions of the 1977 Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions. The text gives examples of applications of the Convention and information to contribute to a more general study of the problems of protecting the cultural heritage endangered by war.

Safeguarding Cultural Property and the 1954 Hague Convention
Safeguarding Cultural Property and the 1954 Hague Convention

Author: Emma Cunliffe

Publisher: Boydell & Brewer

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 311

ISBN-13: 1783276665

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Significant attention today focusses on heritage destruction, but the key international laws prohibiting it - the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict and its First and Second Protocols (1954/1999) - lay out two core strands to limit the damage: the measures of respect for armed forces, and the safeguarding measures states parties should put in place in peacetime. This volume incorporates wide-ranging international perspectives from those in the academy, together with practitioner insights from the armed forces and heritage professionals, to explore the safeguarding regime. Its contributors consider such questions as whether state parties have truly taken "all possible steps", as the Convention tasks them; what we can learn from past practice, and how the Convention is implemented today; the implications of new trends in heritage law and management - such as the rise of the World Heritage Convention, and in the increasing focus on safe havens rather than refuges; whether new methods of heritage management such as Risk Assessment theory can be applied; and, in a Convention specifically focussed on state parties, what of their opponents, armed non-state actors. Using a mix of case studies and theoretical explorations of new and existing methodologies, the contributions cover a broad timespan from World War II to today, with examples from Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Overall, the volume's purpose is to promote wider understanding of the practical effectiveness of the Convention in the contemporary world, by investigating the perceived opportunities and constraints the Convention offers today to protect cultural property in armed conflict, and firmly establishing that such protection must begin in peace.