Compressible Fluid Flow and Systems of Conservation Laws in Several Space Variables

Compressible Fluid Flow and Systems of Conservation Laws in Several Space Variables

Author: A. Majda

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 167

ISBN-13: 1461211166

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Conservation laws arise from the modeling of physical processes through the following three steps: 1) The appropriate physical balance laws are derived for m-phy- t cal quantities, ul""'~ with u = (ul' ... ,u ) and u(x,t) defined m for x = (xl""'~) E RN (N = 1,2, or 3), t > 0 and with the values m u(x,t) lying in an open subset, G, of R , the state space. The state space G arises because physical quantities such as the density or total energy should always be positive; thus the values of u are often con strained to an open set G. 2) The flux functions appearing in these balance laws are idealized through prescribed nonlinear functions, F.(u), mapping G into J j = 1, ..• ,N while source terms are defined by S(u,x,t) with S a given smooth function of these arguments with values in Rm. In parti- lar, the detailed microscopic effects of diffusion and dissipation are ignored. 3) A generalized version of the principle of virtual work is applied (see Antman [1]). The formal result of applying the three steps (1)-(3) is that the m physical quantities u define a weak solution of an m x m system of conservation laws, o I + N(Wt'u + r W ·F.(u) + W·S(u,x,t))dxdt (1.1) R xR j=l Xj J for all W E C~(RN x R+), W(x,t) E Rm.


Harmonic and Complex Analysis and its Applications

Harmonic and Complex Analysis and its Applications

Author: Alexander Vasil'ev

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-09

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 331901806X

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This volume highlights the main results of the research performed within the network “Harmonic and Complex Analysis and its Applications” (HCAA), which was a five-year (2007–2012) European Science Foundation Programme intended to explore and to strengthen the bridge between two scientific communities: analysts with broad backgrounds in complex and harmonic analysis and mathematical physics, and specialists in physics and applied sciences. It coordinated actions for advancing harmonic and complex analysis and for expanding its application to challenging scientific problems. Particular topics considered by this Programme included conformal and quasiconformal mappings, potential theory, Banach spaces of analytic functions and their applications to the problems of fluid mechanics, conformal field theory, Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics, and signal processing. This book is a collection of surveys written as a result of activities of the Programme and will be interesting and useful for professionals and novices in analysis and mathematical physics, as well as for graduate students. Browsing the volume, the reader will undoubtedly notice that, as the scope of the Programme is rather broad, there are many interrelations between the various contributions, which can be regarded as different facets of a common theme.


Collected Papers

Collected Papers

Author: Charles Loewner

Publisher:

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 540

ISBN-13:

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Charles Loewner, Professor of Mathematics at Stanford University from 1950 until his death in 1968, was a Visiting Professor at the University of California at Berkeley on five separate occasions. During his 1955 visit to Berkeley he gave a course on continuous groups, and his lectures were reproduced in the form of mimeographed notes. Loewner planned to write a detailed book on continuous groups based on these lecture notes, but the project was still in the formative stage at the time of his death. Since the notes themselves have been out of print for several years, Professor Harley Flanders, Department of Mathematics, Tel Aviv University, and Professor Murray Protter, Department of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley, have taken this opportunity to revise and correct the original fourteen lectures and make them available in permanent form.Loewner became interested in continuous groups--particularly with respect to possible applications in geometry and analysis--when he studied the three volume work on transformation groups by Sophus Lie. He managed to reconstruct a coherent development of the subject by synthesizing Lie's numerous illustrative examples, many of which appeared only as footnotes. The examples contained in this book are primarily geometric in character and reflect the unique way in which Loewner viewed each of the topics he treated.This book is part of the series "Mathematicians of Our Time, " edited by Professor Gian-Carlo Rota, Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology."Contents: " Transformation Groups; Similarity; Representations of Groups; Combinations of Representations; Similarity and Reducibility; Representations of Cyclic Groups; Representations of Finite Abelian Groups; Representations of Finite Groups; Characters; Introduction to Differentiable Manifolds; Tensor Calculus on a Manifold; Quantities, Vectors, Tensors; Generation of Quantities by Differentiation; Commutator of Two Covariant Vector Fields; Hurwitz Integration on a Group Manifold; Representation of Compact Groups; Existence of Representations; Characters; Examples; Lie Groups; Infinitesimal Transformation on a Manifold; Infinitesimal Transformations on a Group; Examples; Geometry on the Group Space; Parallelism; First Fundamental Theorem of Lie Groups; Mayer-Lie Systems; The Sufficiency Proof; First Fundamental Theorem, Converse; Second Fundamental Theorem, Converse; Concept of Group Germ; Converse of the Third Fundamental Theorem; The Helmholtz-Lie Problem.


American Journal of Mathematics

American Journal of Mathematics

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1963

Total Pages: 778

ISBN-13:

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The American Journal of Mathematics publishes research papers and articles of broad appeal covering the major areas of contemporary mathematics.


A Mathematical Theory of Large-scale Atmosphere/ocean Flow

A Mathematical Theory of Large-scale Atmosphere/ocean Flow

Author: Michael J. P. Cullen

Publisher: Imperial College Press

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 1860949193

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This book counteracts the current fashion for theories of OC chaosOCO and unpredictability by describing a theory that underpins the surprising accuracy of current deterministic weather forecasts, and it suggests that further improvements are possible. The book does this by making a unique link between an exciting new branch of mathematics called OC optimal transportationOCO and existing classical theories of the large-scale atmosphere and ocean circulation. It is then possible to solve a set of simple equations proposed many years ago by Hoskins which are asymptotically valid on large scales, and use them to derive quantitative predictions about many large-scale atmospheric and oceanic phenomena. A particular feature is that the simple equations used have highly predictable solutions, thus suggesting that the limits of deterministic predictability of the weather may not yet have been reached. It is also possible to make rigorous statements about the large-scale behaviour of the atmosphere and ocean by proving results using these simple equations and applying them to the real system allowing for the errors in the approximation. There are a number of other titles in this field, but they do not treat this large-scale regime. Contents: The Governing Equations and Asymptotic Approximations to Them; Solution of the Semi-Geostrophic Equations in Plane Geometry; Solution of the Semi-Geostrophic Equations in More General Cases; Properties of Semi-Geostrophic Solutions; Application of Semi-Geostrophic Theory to the Predictability of atmospheric Flows. Readership: Researchers and graduate students in atmosphere/ocean dynamics with some mathematical background."


Annals of Mathematics

Annals of Mathematics

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1959

Total Pages: 766

ISBN-13:

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Founded in 1884, Annals of Mathematics publishes research papers in pure mathematics.


Magnetohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics: Action Principles and Conservation Laws

Magnetohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics: Action Principles and Conservation Laws

Author: Gary Webb

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-02-05

Total Pages: 306

ISBN-13: 3319725114

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This text focuses on conservation laws in magnetohydrodynamics, gasdynamics and hydrodynamics. A grasp of new conservation laws is essential in fusion and space plasmas, as well as in geophysical fluid dynamics; they can be used to test numerical codes, or to reveal new aspects of the underlying physics, e.g., by identifying the time history of the fluid elements as an important key to understanding fluid vorticity or in investigating the stability of steady flows. The ten Galilean Lie point symmetries of the fundamental action discussed in this book give rise to the conservation of energy, momentum, angular momentum and center of mass conservation laws via Noether’s first theorem. The advected invariants are related to fluid relabeling symmetries – so-called diffeomorphisms associated with the Lagrangian map – and are obtained by applying the Euler-Poincare approach to Noether’s second theorem. The book discusses several variants of helicity including kinetic helicity, cross helicity, magnetic helicity, Ertels’ theorem and potential vorticity, the Hollman invariant, and the Godbillon Vey invariant. The book develops the non-canonical Hamiltonian approach to MHD using the non-canonical Poisson bracket, while also refining the multisymplectic approach to ideal MHD and obtaining novel nonlocal conservation laws. It also briefly discusses Anco and Bluman’s direct method for deriving conservation laws. A range of examples is used to illustrate topological invariants in MHD and fluid dynamics, including the Hopf invariant, the Calugareanu invariant, the Taylor magnetic helicity reconnection hypothesis for magnetic fields in highly conducting plasmas, and the magnetic helicity of Alfvén simple waves, MHD topological solitons, and the Parker Archimedean spiral magnetic field. The Lagrangian map is used to obtain a class of solutions for incompressible MHD. The Aharonov-Bohm interpretation of magnetic helicity and cross helicity is discussed. In closing, examples of magnetosonic N-waves are used to illustrate the role of the wave number and group velocity concepts for MHD waves. This self-contained and pedagogical guide to the fundamentals will benefit postgraduate-level newcomers and seasoned researchers alike.