Connectivity of Streams & Wetlands to Downstream Waters :.
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Published: 2015
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKRead and Download eBook Full
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Published: 2015
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: United States. Environmental Protection Agency. National Center for Environmental Assessment
Publisher:
Published: 2015-02-20
Total Pages: 408
ISBN-13: 9781457866388
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis report reviews more than 1,200 peer-reviewed publications and summarizes current scientific understanding about the connectivity and mechanisms by which streams and wetlands, singly or in aggregate, affect the physical, chemical, and biological integrity of downstream waters. It focuses on surface and shallow subsurface connections by which small or temporary streams, nontidal wetlands, and open waters affect larger waters such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and estuaries. This report represents the state-of-the-science on the connectivity and isolation of waters in the U.S. Scientific literature unequivocally demonstrates that streams, regardless of their size or frequency of flow, are connected to downstream waters and strongly influence their function. Figures. This is a print on demand report.
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Published: 2015
Total Pages: 409
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: David T. Allen
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Published: 2014
Total Pages: 103
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (2011)
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Published: 2015
Total Pages: 176
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: John Brito
Publisher:
Published: 2013
Total Pages: 191
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKMethods for characterizing wetland-to-stream chemical connectivity were developed to help regulators define jurisdiction and wetland managers prioritize their use of resources. Chemical connectivity here is based on historic stream water quality found using publically available databases and analyzed in a Geographic Information System (GIS). Although stream data was readily available, wetland data was not abundant. Interpolation methods were therefore developed using observed water quality data points in streams and projecting them to adjacent wetlands. The different interpolation methods were compared using their root mean square error (RMSE) and local polynomial interpolation (LPI) for chloride data and Universal Kriging for specific conductance data was found to typically yield the best results. To also address the lack of actual wetland water quality data a relative site suitability analysis approach using GIS was developed to determine monitoring locations for generating additional data. The key environmental variables identified that relate to connectivity and potential health of the wetlands include hydrology and land use. In additional to conservative water quality parameters, the idea of measuring fluorescence-based excitation and emission matrix (EEM) is introduced. This is a rapid assessment source tracking tool for identifying the natural organic matter (NOM) in different waters. EEM trends through two drinking water treatment plants demonstrate the consistency of the EEM signature and shows that only the more aggressive chemical activities cause notable changes.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2020-12-04
Total Pages: 423
ISBN-13: 0309679702
DOWNLOAD EBOOKNew York City's municipal water supply system provides about 1 billion gallons of drinking water a day to over 8.5 million people in New York City and about 1 million people living in nearby Westchester, Putnam, Ulster, and Orange counties. The combined water supply system includes 19 reservoirs and three controlled lakes with a total storage capacity of approximately 580 billion gallons. The city's Watershed Protection Program is intended to maintain and enhance the high quality of these surface water sources. Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program assesses the efficacy and future of New York City's watershed management activities. The report identifies program areas that may require future change or action, including continued efforts to address turbidity and responding to changes in reservoir water quality as a result of climate change.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Fisheries, Water, and Wildlife
Publisher:
Published: 2015
Total Pages: 164
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
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Published: 2014
Total Pages: 80
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2002-10-10
Total Pages: 449
ISBN-13: 0309082951
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Clean Water Act (CWA) requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their important ecological functions including maintenance of high water quality and provision of fish and wildlife habitat. However, this protection generally does not encompass riparian areasâ€"the lands bordering rivers and lakesâ€"even though they often provide the same functions as wetlands. Growing recognition of the similarities in wetland and riparian area functioning and the differences in their legal protection led the NRC in 1999 to undertake a study of riparian areas, which has culminated in Riparian Areas: Functioning and Strategies for Management. The report is intended to heighten awareness of riparian areas commensurate with their ecological and societal values. The primary conclusion is that, because riparian areas perform a disproportionate number of biological and physical functions on a unit area basis, restoration of riparian functions along America's waterbodies should be a national goal.