Compositional Translation
Compositional Translation

Author: M.T. Rosetta

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-12-01

Total Pages: 484

ISBN-13: 9401583064

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This book provides an in-depth review of machine translation by discussing in detail a particular method, called compositional translation, and a particular system, Rosetta, which is based on this method. The Rosetta project is a unique combination of fundamental research and large-scale implementation. The book covers all scientifically interesting results of the project, highlighting the advantages of designing a translation system based on a relation between reversible compositional grammars. The power of the method is illustrated by presenting elegant solutions to a number of well-known translation problems. The most outstanding characteristic of the book is that it provides a firm linguistic foundation for machine translation. For this purpose insights from Montague Grammar are integrated with ideas developed within the Chomskyan tradition, in a computationally feasible framework. Great care has been taken to introduce the basic concepts of the underlying disciplines to the uninitiated reader, which makes the book accessible to a wide audience, including linguists, computer scientists, logicians and translators.

Comparable Corpora and Computer-assisted Translation
Comparable Corpora and Computer-assisted Translation

Author: Estelle Maryline Delpech

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2014-07-22

Total Pages: 221

ISBN-13: 1119002702

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Computer-assisted translation (CAT) has always used translation memories, which require the translator to have a corpus of previous translations that the CAT software can use to generate bilingual lexicons. This can be problematic when the translator does not have such a corpus, for instance, when the text belongs to an emerging field. To solve this issue, CAT research has looked into the leveraging of comparable corpora, i.e. a set of texts, in two or more languages, which deal with the same topic but are not translations of one another. This work had two primary objectives. The first is to assess the input of lexicons extracted from comparable corpora in the context of a specialized human translation task. The second objective is to identify bilingual-lexicon-extraction methods which best match the translators' needs, determining the current limits of these techniques and suggesting improvements. The author focuses, in particular, on the identification of fertile translations, the management of multiple morphological structures, and the ranking of candidate translations. The experiments are carried out on two language pairs (English–French and English–German) and on specialized texts dealing with breast cancer. This research puts significant emphasis on applicability – methodological choices are guided by the needs of the final users. This book is organized in two parts: the first part presents the applicative and scientific context of the research, and the second part is given over to efforts to improve compositional translation. The research work presented in this book received the PhD Thesis award 2014 from the French association for natural language processing (ATALA).

Representation Theory
Representation Theory

Author: Edwin Williams

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2002-12-20

Total Pages: 306

ISBN-13: 9780262265072

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In this theoretical monograph, Edwin Williams demonstrates that when syntax is economical, it economizes on shape distortion rather than on distance. According to Williams, this new notion of economy calls for a new architecture for the grammatical system—in fact, for a new notion of derivation. The new architecture offers a style of clausal embedding—the Level Embedding Scheme—that predictively ties together the locality, reconstructive behavior, and "target" type of any syntactic process in a way that is unique to the model. Williams calls his theory "Representation Theory" to put the notion of economy at the forefront. Syntax, in this theory, is a series of representations of one sublanguage in another.

Generative Programming and Component Engineering
Generative Programming and Component Engineering

Author: Gabor Karsai

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2004-10-12

Total Pages: 504

ISBN-13: 3540235809

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Generative Programming and Component Engineering, GPCE 2004, held in Vancouver, Canada in October 2004. The 25 revised full papers presented together with abstracts of 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 75 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on aspect-orientation, staged programming, types for meta-programming, meta-programming, model-driven approaches, product lines, and domain-specific languages and generation.

Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation
Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation

Author: M. Carl

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 524

ISBN-13: 9401001812

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Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation is of relevance to researchers and program developers in the field of Machine Translation and especially Example-Based Machine Translation, bilingual text processing and cross-linguistic information retrieval. It is also of interest to translation technologists and localisation professionals. Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation fills a void, because it is the first book to tackle the issue of EBMT in depth. It gives a state-of-the-art overview of EBMT techniques and provides a coherent structure in which all aspects of EBMT are embedded. Its contributions are written by long-standing researchers in the field of MT in general, and EBMT in particular. This book can be used in graduate-level courses in machine translation and statistical NLP.

The Things We Mean
The Things We Mean

Author: Stephen Schiffer

Publisher: Clarendon Press

Published: 2003-09-04

Total Pages: 373

ISBN-13: 019151960X

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If there exist such things as the things we mean, then those things are also the things we believe, and the things in terms of which we must understand all semantic notions. If such entities as the things we mean and believe exist, an account of their nature must be the most foundational concern in the theory of linguistic and mental representation. Schiffer argues that there are such things as the things we mean and believe. They are what he calls pleonastic propositions, and he provides an account of what they are in themselves and of their place in nature, language and thought. After developing the theory of pleonastic propositions, Schiffer uses it to provide accounts of (among other things) linguistic meaning and knowledge of meaning, the relation between intentional and non-intentional facts, vagueness and indeterminacy, moral discourse, conditionals, and the role of propositional content in information acquisition and explanation. This radical new treatment of meaning will command the attention of everyone who works on fundamental questions about language, and will attract much interest from other areas of philosophy.

The Politics of Translating Sound Motifs in African Fiction
The Politics of Translating Sound Motifs in African Fiction

Author: Laurence Jay-Rayon Ibrahim Aibo

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company

Published: 2020-02-15

Total Pages: 182

ISBN-13: 9027261628

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Starting with the premise that aesthetic choices reveal the ideological stances of translators, the author of this research monograph examines works of fiction by postcolonial African authors writing in English or French, the genesis and reception of their works, and the translation of each one into French or English. Texts include those by Nuruddin Farah from Somalia, Abdourahman Ali Waberi from Djibouti, Jean-Marie Adiaffi from Côte d’Ivoire, Ayi Kwei Armah from Ghana, Chenjerai Hove from Zimbabwe, and Assia Djebar from Algeria, and their translations by Jacqueline Bardolph, Jeanne Garane, Brigitte Katiyo, Jean-Pierre Richard, Josette and Robert Mane, and Dorothy Blair. The author highlights the aural poetics of these works, explores the sound motifs underlying their literary power, and shows how each is articulated with the writer’s literary heritage. She then embarks on a close examination of each translator’s background, followed by a rich analysis of their treatments of sound. The translators’ strategies for addressing sound motifs are contextualized in the larger framework of postcolonial literatures and changing reading materialities.

Dependence Logic
Dependence Logic

Author: Samson Abramsky

Publisher: Birkhäuser

Published: 2016-06-29

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 3319318039

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In this volume, different aspects of logics for dependence and independence are discussed, including both the logical and computational aspects of dependence logic, and also applications in a number of areas, such as statistics, social choice theory, databases, and computer security. The contributing authors represent leading experts in this relatively new field, each of whom was invited to write a chapter based on talks given at seminars held at the Schloss Dagstuhl Leibniz Center for Informatics in Wadern, Germany (in February 2013 and June 2015) and an Academy Colloquium at the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (March 2014). Altogether, these chapters provide the most up-to-date look at this developing and highly interdisciplinary field and will be of interest to a broad group of logicians, mathematicians, statisticians, philosophers, and scientists. Topics covered include a comprehensive survey of many propositional, modal, and first-order variants of dependence logic; new results concerning expressive power of several variants of dependence logic with different sets of logical connectives and generalized dependence atoms; connections between inclusion logic and the least-fixed point logic; an overview of dependencies in databases by addressing the relationships between implication problems for fragments of statistical conditional independencies, embedded multivalued dependencies, and propositional logic; various Markovian models used to characterize dependencies and causality among variables in multivariate systems; applications of dependence logic in social choice theory; and an introduction to the theory of secret sharing, pointing out connections to dependence and independence logic.

Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing
Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing

Author: Ruslan Mitkov

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 1997-01-01

Total Pages: 487

ISBN-13: 9027236402

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This volume is based on contributions from the First International Conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing” (RANLP'95) held in Tzigov Chark, Bulgaria, 14-16 September 1995. This conference was one of the most important and competitively reviewed conferences in Natural Language Processing (NLP) for 1995 with submissions from more than 30 countries. Of the 48 papers presented at RANLP'95, the best (revised) papers have been selected for this book, in the hope that they reflect the most significant and promising trends (and latest successful results) in NLP. The book is organised thematically and the contributions are grouped according to the traditional topics found in NLP: morphology, syntax, grammars, parsing, semantics, discourse, grammars, generation, machine translation, corpus processing and multimedia. To help the reader find his/her way, the authors have prepared an extensive index which contains major terms used in NLP; an index of authors which lists the names of the authors and the page numbers of their paper(s); a list of figures; and a list of tables. This book will be of interest to researchers, lecturers and graduate students interested in Natural Language Processing and more specifically to those who work in Computational Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics and Machine Translation.

Bracketing Paradox and Direct Compositionality
Bracketing Paradox and Direct Compositionality

Author: Kazuhiko Fukushima

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2022-11-30

Total Pages: 257

ISBN-13: 1498588115

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In Bracketing Paradox and Direct Compositionality: Montagovian Morphology for Bound Morphemes, Kazuhiko Fukushima resolves bracketing paradoxes in Japanese—morphological vs. semantic incongruity, which supposedly pose insurmountable obstacles to traditional and simple-minded morphology—within morphology (the lexicon) proper. This resolution is achieved through formal semantic apparatus developed by Richard Montague and his followers, hence the label Montagovian Morphology. More generally and theoretically, this book addresses the issue of the optimal interface between morphology, which deals with minimal units of meaning and their combination within a word, and semantics, which handles increasingly larger units of meaning in the sentence. Fukushima argues that the nature of the interface is directly compositional, requiring no complex syntactic supposition or manipulation other than putting words together as is. The author concludes that a semantically reinforced morphological—that is, lexical—approach is superior to a syntactic one for characterizing the mapping between morphological and semantic domains, and that syntax per se cannot supersede morphology.