First Language Use in Second and Foreign Language Learning
First Language Use in Second and Foreign Language Learning

Author: Miles Turnbull

Publisher: Multilingual Matters

Published: 2009-08-24

Total Pages: 220

ISBN-13: 1847697682

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This volume offers fresh perspectives on a controversial issue in applied linguistics and language teaching by focusing on the use of the first language in communicative or immersion-type classrooms. It includes new work by both new and established scholars in educational scholarship, second language acquisition, and sociolinguistics, as well as in a variety of languages, countries, and educational contexts. Through its focus at the intersection of theory, practice, curriculum and policy, the book demands a reconceptualization of code-switching as something that both proficient and aspiring bilinguals do naturally, and as a practice that is inherently linked with bilingual code-switching.

Tasks and Language Learning
Tasks and Language Learning

Author: Graham Crookes

Publisher: Multilingual Matters Limited

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 182

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book is centrally concerned with the concept of task, particularly as it has developed in the context of language learning. It shows how tasks can offer an opportunity for second language learners to be exposed to, and learn from, their practice of the syntactic features of language.

Rivalry and Revenge
Rivalry and Revenge

Author: Laia Balcells

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2017-04-20

Total Pages: 287

ISBN-13: 1108210554

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

What explains violence against civilians in civil wars? Why do groups kill civilians in areas where they have full military control and their rivals have no military presence? This innovative book connects pre-war politics to patterns of violence during civil war. It argues that both local political rivalry and local revenge account for violence against civilians. Armed groups perpetrate direct violence jointly with local civilians, who collaborate when violence can help them gain or consolidate local political control. As civil war continues, revenge motives also come into play, leading to spirals of violence at a local level. In an important contribution to the study of the Spanish Civil War, Balcells combines statistical analyses with ethnographic and qualitative research to provide new insights to scholars and academic researchers with an interest in civil war, politics and conflict processes. Rivalry and Revenge is theoretically and empirically rich, and it offers a theory and method generalizable to a wide set of cases.

Spanish as a Heritage Language in the Netherlands
Spanish as a Heritage Language in the Netherlands

Author: Pablo Irizarri

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 351

ISBN-13: 9789460932137

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

There are more than 100,000 people in the Netherlands born in a Spanish speaking country, or with at least one parent born there. A large part of them fits the definition of heritage speaker: persons exposed to a heritage language in a naturalistic setting from birth, simultaneously or subsequently exposed intensively to another language in childhood, and with varying degrees of proficiency in the heritage language. This dissertation investigates the Spanish spoken as a heritage language by members of a small but tight-knit subgroup: the first and second generation of Chileans in the Netherlands. This Dutch-Spanish bilingual community was studied from a sociolinguistic perspective, and then linguistically on the basis of 60 hours of recordings. These were gathered through visual elicitation and personal interviews with 40 participants - 24 bilinguals and a control group of 16 monolingual homeland speakers in Chile.

Experimental and Quasi-experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference
Experimental and Quasi-experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference

Author: William R. Shadish

Publisher: Cengage Learning

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 664

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Sections include: experiments and generalised causal inference; statistical conclusion validity and internal validity; construct validity and external validity; quasi-experimental designs that either lack a control group or lack pretest observations on the outcome; quasi-experimental designs that use both control groups and pretests; quasi-experiments: interrupted time-series designs; regresssion discontinuity designs; randomised experiments: rationale, designs, and conditions conducive to doing them; practical problems 1: ethics, participation recruitment and random assignment; practical problems 2: treatment implementation and attrition; generalised causal inference: a grounded theory; generalised causal inference: methods for single studies; generalised causal inference: methods for multiple studies; a critical assessment of our assumptions.