The goal of the book is to use combinatorial techniques to solve fundamental physics problems, and vice-versa, to use theoretical physics techniques to solve combinatorial problems.
The authors aim to reinstate a spirit of philosophical enquiry in physics. They abandon the intuitive continuum concepts and build up constructively a combinatorial mathematics of process. This radical change alone makes it possible to calculate the coupling constants of the fundamental fields which OCo via high energy scattering OCo are the bridge from the combinatorial world into dynamics. The untenable distinction between what is OCyobservedOCO, or measured, and what is not, upon which current quantum theory is based, is not needed. If we are to speak of mind, this has to be present OCo albeit in primitive form OCo at the most basic level, and not to be dragged in at one arbitrary point to avoid the difficulties about quantum observation. There is a growing literature on information-theoretic models for physics, but hitherto the two disciplines have gone in parallel. In this book they interact vitally."
The authors aim to reinstate a spirit of philosophical enquiry in physics. They abandon the intuitive continuum concepts and build up constructively a combinatorial mathematics of process. This radical change alone makes it possible to calculate the coupling constants of the fundamental fields which — via high energy scattering — are the bridge from the combinatorial world into dynamics. The untenable distinction between what is ‘observed’, or measured, and what is not, upon which current quantum theory is based, is not needed. If we are to speak of mind, this has to be present — albeit in primitive form — at the most basic level, and not to be dragged in at one arbitrary point to avoid the difficulties about quantum observation. There is a growing literature on information-theoretic models for physics, but hitherto the two disciplines have gone in parallel. In this book they interact vitally.
This book is based on the mini-workshop Renormalization, held in December 2006, and the conference Combinatorics and Physics, held in March 2007. Both meetings took place at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Mathematik in Bonn, Germany. Research papers in the volume provide an overview of applications of combinatorics to various problems, such as applications to Hopf algebras, techniques to renormalization problems in quantum field theory, as well as combinatorial problems appearing in the context of the numerical integration of dynamical systems, in noncommutative geometry and in quantum gravity. In addition, it contains several introductory notes on renormalization Hopf algebras, Wilsonian renormalization and motives.
A concise, comprehensive introduction to the topic of statistical physics of combinatorial optimization, bringing together theoretical concepts and algorithms from computer science with analytical methods from physics. The result bridges the gap between statistical physics and combinatorial optimization, investigating problems taken from theoretical computing, such as the vertex-cover problem, with the concepts and methods of theoretical physics. The authors cover rapid developments and analytical methods that are both extremely complex and spread by word-of-mouth, providing all the necessary basics in required detail. Throughout, the algorithms are shown with examples and calculations, while the proofs are given in a way suitable for graduate students, post-docs, and researchers. Ideal for newcomers to this young, multidisciplinary field.
New and striking results obtained in recent years from an intensive study of asymptotic combinatorics have led to a new, higher level of understanding of related problems: the theory of integrable systems, the Riemann-Hilbert problem, asymptotic representation theory, spectra of random matrices, combinatorics of Young diagrams and permutations, and even some aspects of quantum field theory.
Unlike most elementary books on matrices, A Combinatorial Approach to Matrix Theory and Its Applications employs combinatorial and graph-theoretical tools to develop basic theorems of matrix theory, shedding new light on the subject by exploring the connections of these tools to matrices. After reviewing the basics of graph theory, elementary counting formulas, fields, and vector spaces, the book explains the algebra of matrices and uses the König digraph to carry out simple matrix operations. It then discusses matrix powers, provides a graph-theoretical definition of the determinant using the Coates digraph of a matrix, and presents a graph-theoretical interpretation of matrix inverses. The authors develop the elementary theory of solutions of systems of linear equations and show how to use the Coates digraph to solve a linear system. They also explore the eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and characteristic polynomial of a matrix; examine the important properties of nonnegative matrices that are part of the Perron–Frobenius theory; and study eigenvalue inclusion regions and sign-nonsingular matrices. The final chapter presents applications to electrical engineering, physics, and chemistry. Using combinatorial and graph-theoretical tools, this book enables a solid understanding of the fundamentals of matrix theory and its application to scientific areas.
The last decade has brought explosive growth in the technology for manufac turing integrated circuits. Integrated circuits with several hundred thousand transistors are now commonplace. This manufacturing capability, combined with the economic benefits of large electronic systems, is forcing a revolution in the design of these systems and providing a challenge to those people in terested in integrated system design. Modern circuits are too complex for an individual to comprehend completely. Managing tremendous complexity and automating the design process have become crucial issues. Two groups are interested in dealing with complexity and in developing algorithms to automate the design process. One group is composed of practi tioners in computer-aided design (CAD) who develop computer programs to aid the circuit-design process. The second group is made up of computer scientists and mathemati'::~l\ns who are interested in the design and analysis of efficient combinatorial aJ::,orithms. These two groups have developed separate bodies of literature and, until recently, have had relatively little interaction. An obstacle to bringing these two groups together is the lack of books that discuss issues of importance to both groups in the same context. There are many instances when a familiarity with the literature of the other group would be beneficial. Some practitioners could use known theoretical results to improve their "cut and try" heuristics. In other cases, theoreticians have published impractical or highly abstracted toy formulations, thinking that the latter are important for circuit layout.
Mathematical science is the human recognition on the evolution laws of things that we can understand with the principle of logical consistency by mathematics, i.e., mathematical reality. So, is the mathematical reality equal to the reality of thing? The answer is not because there always exists contradiction between things in the eyes of human, which is only a local or conditional conclusion. Such a situation enables us to extend the mathematics further by combinatorics for the reality of thing from the local reality and then, to get a combinatorial reality of thing. This is the combinatorial conjecture for mathematical science, i.e., CC conjecture that I put forward in my postdoctoral report for Chinese Acade- my of Sciences in 2005, namely any mathematical science can be reconstructed from or made by combinatorialization. After discovering its relation with Smarandache multi-spaces, it is then be applied to generalize mathematics over 1-dimensional topological graphs, namely the mathematical combinatorics that I promoted on science internationally for more than 20 years. This paper surveys how I proposed this conjecture from combinatorial topology, how to use it for characterizing the non-uniform groups or contradictory systems and furthermore, why I introduce the continuity ow GL as a mathematical element, i.e., vectors in Banach space over topological graphs with operations and then, how to apply it to generalize a few of important conclusions in functional analysis for providing the human recognition on the reality of things, including the subdivision of substance into elementary particles or quarks in theoretical physics with a mathematical supporting.
Progress in Physics has been created for publications on advanced studies in theoretical and experimental physics, including related themes from mathematics.