Clone Evolution
Clone Evolution

Author: Nils Göde

Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 3832529209

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Duplicated passages of source code - code clones - are a common property of software systems. While clones are beneficial in some situations, their presence causes various problems for software maintenance. Most of these problems are strongly related to change and include, for example, the need to propagate changes across duplicated code fragments and the risk of inconsistent changes to clones that are meant to evolve identically. Hence, we need a sophisticated analysis of clone evolution to better understand, assess, and manage duplication in practice. This thesis introduces Clone Evolution Graphs as a technique to model clone relations and their evolution within the history of a system. We present our incremental algorithm for efficient and automated extraction of Clone Evolution Graphs from a system's history. The approach is shown to scale even for large systems with long histories making it applicable to retroactive analysis ofclone evolution as well as live tracking of clones during software maintenance.We have used Clone Evolution Graphs in several studies to analyze versatile aspects of clone evolution in open-source as well as industrial systems. Our results show that the characteristics of clone evolution are quite different between systems, highlighting the need for a sophisticated technique like Clone Evolution Graphs to track clones and analyze their evolution on a per-system basis. We have also shown that Clone Evolution Graphs are well-suited to analyze the change behavior of individual clones and can be used to identify problematic clones within a system. In general, the results of our studies provide new insights into how clones evolve, how they are changed, and how they are removed.

Code Clone Analysis
Code Clone Analysis

Author: Katsuro Inoue

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-08-03

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 9811619271

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This is the first book organized around code clone analysis. To cover the broad studies of code clone analysis, this book selects past research results that are important to the progress of the field and updates them with new results and future directions. The first chapter provides an introduction for readers who are inexperienced in the foundation of code clone analysis, defines clones and related terms, and discusses the classification of clones. The chapters that follow are categorized into three main parts to present 1) major tools for code clone analysis, 2) fundamental topics such as evaluation benchmarks, clone visualization, code clone searches, and code similarities, and 3) applications to actual problems. Each chapter includes a valuable reference list that will help readers to achieve a comprehensive understanding of this diverse field and to catch up with the latest research results. Code clone analysis relies heavily on computer science theories such as pattern matching algorithms, computer language, and software metrics. Consequently, code clone analysis can be applied to a variety of real-world tasks in software development and maintenance such as bug finding and program refactoring. This book will also be useful in designing an effective curriculum that combines theory and application of code clone analysis in university software engineering courses.

Empirical Research towards a Relevance Assessment of Software Clones
Empirical Research towards a Relevance Assessment of Software Clones

Author: Saman Bazrafshan

Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH

Published: 2017-06-30

Total Pages: 270

ISBN-13: 3832545093

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Redundancies in program source code - software clones - are a common phenomenon. Although it is often claimed that software clones decrease the maintainability of software systems and need to be managed, research in the last couple of years showed that not all clones can be considered harmful. A sophisticated assessment of the relevance of software clones and a cost-benefit analysis of clone management is needed to gain a better understanding of cloning and whether it is truly a harmful phenomenon. This thesis introduces techniques to model, analyze, and evaluate versatile aspects of software clone evolution within the history of a system. We present a mapping of non-identical clones across multiple versions of a system, that avoids possible ambiguities of previous approaches. Though processing more data to determine the context of each clone to avoid an ambiguous mapping, the approach is shown to be efficient and applicable to large systems for a retrospective analysis of software clone evolution. The approach has been used in several studies to gain insights into the phenomenon of cloning in open-source as well as industrial software systems. Our results show that non-identical clones require more attention regarding clone management compared to identical clones as they are the dominating clone type for the main share of our subject systems. Using the evolution model to investigate costs and benefits of refactorings that remove clones, we conclude that clone removals could not reduce maintenance costs for most systems under study.

SOFSEM 2011: Theory and Practice of Computer Science
SOFSEM 2011: Theory and Practice of Computer Science

Author: Ivana Cerná

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2011-01-10

Total Pages: 584

ISBN-13: 3642183816

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 37th Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science, SOFSEM 2011, held in Nový, Smokovec, Slovakia in January 2011. The 41 revised full papers, presented together with 5 invited contributions, were carefully reviewed and selected from 122 submissions. SOFSEM 2011 was organized around the following four tracks: foundations of computer science; software, systems, and services; processing large datasets; and cryptography, security, and trust.

The Clone Betrayal
The Clone Betrayal

Author: Steven L. Kent

Publisher: Penguin

Published: 2009-10-27

Total Pages: 369

ISBN-13: 1101148926

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Earth, 2516 A.D. The Unified Authority spread human colonies across the six arms of the Milky Way Galaxy, ruling with an iron fist and a powerful military made up almost entirely of clones. Then the alien Avatari invaded—and when the fighting was over, the U.A. retained control over only two planets: Earth and New Copenhagen. Like the thousands of clones born before him, Lt. Wayson Harris was born and bred as the ultimate soldier. But he is unique, possessing independence of thought—and an addiction to the rage of battle. So when he and other clone survivors of the New Copenhagen debacle are sent to cool their heels in an isolated "relocation camp," Harris feels on edge. And with good reason. The military brass are looking for someone to blame for the decimation of the U.A. republic. And who better to scapegoat than those who were born to be sacrificed? But Lt. Harris is about to respectfully disagree—with all the firepower he can muster.

International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communications
International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communications

Author: Deepak Gupta

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-07-30

Total Pages: 1158

ISBN-13: 9811551480

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This book includes high-quality research papers presented at the Third International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communication (ICICC 2020), which is held at the Shaheed Sukhdev College of Business Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, on 21–23 February, 2020. Introducing the innovative works of scientists, professors, research scholars, students and industrial experts in the field of computing and communication, the book promotes the transformation of fundamental research into institutional and industrialized research and the conversion of applied exploration into real-time applications.

Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering
Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering

Author: Dimitra Giannakopoulou

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2011-03-14

Total Pages: 476

ISBN-13: 3642198112

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, FASE 2011, held in Saarbrücken, Germany, March 26—April 3, 2011, as part of ETAPS 2011, the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software. The 29 revised full papers presented together with one full length invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 99 full paper submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on verification, specification and modeling, reachability and model checking, model driven engineering, software development for QoS, testing: theory and new trends, testing in practice, code development and analysis, and empirical studies.

Cancer
Cancer

Author: Melvyn F. Greaves

Publisher:

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 294

ISBN-13: 9780192628343

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Every day, 1500 Americans die of cancer, and yet for most of us this deadly disease remains mysterious. Why is it so common? Why are there so many different causes? Why does treatment so often fail? What, ultimately, is cancer? In this fascinating new book, a leading cancer researcher offers general readers clear and convincing answers to these and many other questions. Mel Greaves places cancer in its evolutionary context, arguing that we can best answer the big questions about cancer by looking through a Darwinian lens. Drawing on both ancient and more modern evolutionary legacies, he shows how human development has changed the rules of evolutionary games, trapping us in a nature-nurture mismatch. Compelling examples, from the King of Naples intestinal tumor in the 15th century, through the epidemic of scrotal skin cancer in 18th-century chimney sweeps, to the current surge of cases of prostate cancer illustrate his thesis. He also shows why the old paradigms of infectious diseases or genetic disorders have proved fruitless when trying to explain this complex and elusive disease. And finally, he looks at the implications for research, prevention, and treatment of cancer that an evolutionary perspective provides. Drawing on the most recent research, this is the first book to put cancer in its evolutionary framework. At a time when Darwinian perspectives on everything from language acquisition to economics are providing new breakthroughs in understanding, medicine seems to have much to gain from the insights provided by evolutionary biology. Written in an exceptionally lucid and entertaining style, this book will be of broad interest to all those who wish to know more about this dread disease.

Proceedings of the International Conference on Paradigms of Computing, Communication and Data Sciences
Proceedings of the International Conference on Paradigms of Computing, Communication and Data Sciences

Author: Mayank Dave

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-02-19

Total Pages: 1001

ISBN-13: 9811575339

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This book presents best selected papers presented at the International Conference on Paradigms of Computing, Communication and Data Sciences (PCCDS 2020), organized by National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, India, during 1–3 May 2020. It discusses high-quality and cutting-edge research in the areas of advanced computing, communications and data science techniques. The book is a collection of latest research articles in computation algorithm, communication and data sciences, intertwined with each other for efficiency.