Droits de citoyenneté des femmes au Maghreb

Droits de citoyenneté des femmes au Maghreb

Author: Belarbi Aïcha

Publisher:

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13:

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Les essais publiés dans cet ouvrage sont le fruit d'une recherche-action réalisée par l'IMED avec le soutien de la Commission européenne. Il s'agit de la première phase d'un projet d'actions positives pilote pour le développement des droits de citoyenneté des femmes au Maghreb et, notamment, au Maroc et en Tunisie. Il s'agit aussi de la première étape d'un programme bien plus vaste sur les droits de citoyenneté visant à la construction d'une citoyenneté euro-méditerranéenne. Si le thème de la citoyenneté en Méditerranée est abordé en commençant par les femmes c'est parce que les droits des femmes passent par tous les problèmes de la citoyenneté et, en Méditerranée, ils en sont un véritable banc d'essai. Qu'il s'agisse de droits civils, de droits politiques ou de droits sociaux, la question essentielle pour la citoyenneté c'est la question de l'universalité des droits, à savoir l'égalité de tous les citoyens devant ces droits. Et bien, en Méditerranée ce problème n'est pas toujours résolu pour une multitude de femmes qui doivent encore se confronter avec la discrimination sexuelle. Qui plus est, les droits des femmes assument également un caractère central vis-à-vis d'une autre problématique cruciale de la citoyenneté: la dialectique égalité formelle / égalité substantielle. Dans le premier sens, l'égalité comporte la reconnaissance des mêmes droits à tous les citoyens et une même sujétion à la loi, dans le deuxième, elle comporte la prévision d'interventions économiques, sociales et culturelles, qui doivent éviter de rendre vaine l'égalité formelle face aux sujets les plus faibles. Voilà pourquoi l'identification d'actions positives pour l'égalité des chances entre les hommes et les femmes a représenté le point d'arrivée du travail illustré dans cet ouvrage. Des actions positives qui doivent combattre non seulement la marginalisation économique et l'exclusion sociale, mais aussi les causes de la discrimination sexuelle.


Femmes, printemps arabes et revendications citoyennes

Femmes, printemps arabes et revendications citoyennes

Author: Collectif

Publisher: IRD Éditions

Published: 2017-01-17

Total Pages: 255

ISBN-13: 270992188X

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Dans l’effervescence des mobilisations sociales et politiques qui ont gagné le Maghreb et le Moyen-Orient lors des « printemps arabes », de nouvelles formes de revendications féministes ont conquis la scène politique. Cette lutte des femmes pour la citoyenneté, qui passe par l’égalité des droits avec les hommes, connaît à la fois des avancées et des reculs. Réunissant des chercheuses et des militantes, cet ouvrage propose une analyse critique des combats pour les droits des femmes, depuis les aspirations des ouvrières du textile jusqu’aux revendications des féministes laïques ou islamiques, du Maroc à l’Iran en passant par l’Algérie et la Lybie. L’accès des femmes à la citoyenneté y apparaît comme un processus en construction, où les revendications pour l'égalité et la justice de genre se jouent tant dans l’espace public que privé, par le droit et par les pratiques au quotidien : accès des femmes à l’espace urbain, à la santé et au travail, pouvoir de décision et de représentation dans la famille et la société, dénonciation des stéréotypes de genre. Ce combat passe aussi par les mobilisations menées pour faire évoluer le cadre juridique et pour endiguer toutes les formes de violences, anciennes et nouvelles, faites aux femmes. Dans le sillage des réformes et des révolutions du monde arabe, cet ouvrage apporte un éclairage unique pour comprendre la situation des femmes dans les sociétés arabo-musulmanes contemporaines.


Historical Dictionary of Morocco

Historical Dictionary of Morocco

Author: Thomas K. Park

Publisher: Scarecrow Press

Published: 2006-01-16

Total Pages: 742

ISBN-13: 0810865114

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This book provides a comprehensive introduction, which focuses on Morocco's history, provides a helpful synopsis of the kingdom, and is supplemented with a useful chronology of major events. Hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on former rulers, current leaders, ancient capitals, significant locations, influential institutions, and crucial aspects of the economy, society, culture and religion form the core of the book. A bibliography of sources is included to promote further more specialized study.


Historical Dictionary of Morocco

Historical Dictionary of Morocco

Author: Aomar Boum

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2016-06-02

Total Pages: 1003

ISBN-13: 1442262974

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A historical reference work on Morocco must take as its subject al-maghrib al-aqsa (the far west) as the Arabic scholars have generally referred to the approximate region of present-day Morocco, roughly the north-west corner of Africa but at times including much of the Iberian peninsula, because the modern nation-state is a relatively recent creation owing much to events in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. External influences on Morocco tend to come across the narrow straits of Gibraltar to the north, from the east along the Mediterranean litoral, or up from the Sahara. In each case, access is constrained by geography and continued control from outside the region has been difficult to manage over the long term. Although many of the dynasties that came to power in Morocco conquered much broader regions, history and topology have so conspired that there is still more coherence to an historical focus on al-maghrib al-aqsa than is the case for most modern nation-states. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of Morocco contains a chronology, an introduction, a glossary, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 600 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Morocco.


Femininity, Masculinity, and Sexuality in Morocco and Hollywood

Femininity, Masculinity, and Sexuality in Morocco and Hollywood

Author: Osire Glacier

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-05-19

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 3319532855

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This book is the first to formulate an ideology of emancipation for women in Morocco. Beginning with constructs of the body, femininity and masculinity, it analyzes the central role played by the sociopolitical writing of sexuality in creating gender hierarchy. The author focuses on Morocco, while drawing parallels with Hollywood cinema, one of the great producers of femininity and masculinity, and conducts an exhaustive examination of constructs of femininity and masculinity in language, social practices, cultural productions and legal texts. The objectives of this project are tripartite: it exposes the dynamics that devalue women’s humanity; it charts the schemas of their sexual, economic and sociopolitical exploitation; and it advances concrete solutions for re-establishing women’s human dignity.


Gender and Divorce Law in North Africa

Gender and Divorce Law in North Africa

Author: Maaike Voorhoeve

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2014-04-25

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 178673477X

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Personal status laws remain a highly politicized area of debate in the Middle East, as the arena in which the contentious issues of women's rights, religion and minority groups meet. This is especially so when it comes to divorce. In Tunisia, with the moderate Islamist party Ennahda winning the first elections following the 2011 revolution, questions of religion in public life have gained greater primacy. The country is often hailed for its progressive personal status code, seen as an exception to the practice in many other Muslim countries. Polygamy is banned, for example, and in divorce cases there is gender equality. However, Tunisia's legal system contains many gaps and leaves much room for interpretation. Bearing in mind this importance of the role of Islam in judicial courts, Maaike Voorhoeve investigates whether the more progressive, and ostensibly secular, principles enshrined in Tunisia's Personal Status Code of 1956 are in fact adhered to in divorce cases. And if not, whether judges frequently turn to the Sharia, custom or societal norms as their primary sources of guidance. Through extensive research in the Tunisian courts, Voorhoeve investigates the different types of divorce, the arguments presented to the court and the consequent legal decisions made. She focuses on the role of female judges, testing the assumption that they adjudicate in a more gender-neutral way and examining the impact they have had on Tunisian legal culture and through this, Tunisian society. Gender and Divorce Law in North Africa therefore sheds light on the wide-reaching debate throughout North Africa and the Middle East concerning the role of Islam and Sharia in the public, political, legal and private spheres. This debate, which often pits secularists against Islamists, but is in reality much more nuanced, is key in a variety of fields, including Middle East studies and Islamic law.


Geographies of Muslim Women

Geographies of Muslim Women

Author: Ghazi-Walid Falah

Publisher: Guilford Press

Published: 2005-03-31

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 9781572301344

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This groundbreaking volume explores how Islamic discourse and practice intersect with gender relations and broader political and economic processes to shape women's geographies in a variety of regional contexts. Contributors represent a wide range of disciplinary subfields and perspectives--cultural geography, political geography, development studies, migration studies, and historical geography--yet they share a common focus on bringing issues of space and place to the forefront of analyses of Muslim women's experiences. Themes addressed include the intersections of gender, development and religion; mobility and migration; and discourse, representation, and the contestation of space. In the process, the book challenges many stereotypes and assumptions about the category of "Muslim woman," so often invoked in public debate in both traditional societies and the West.


Gender and Law

Gender and Law

Author: Lorenzo Cotula

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 204

ISBN-13: 9789251055632

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Women constitute a large portion of the economically active population engaged in agriculture. International instruments on human rights, the environment and sustainable development reaffirm the principle of non-discrimination on the basis of sex or gender. Yet women often face gendered obstacles in realizing their rights and feeding their families. The right to an adequate standard of living, including adequate food, may thus not be fulfilled. These obstacles may stem from directly or indirectly discriminatory norms or from entrenched socio-cultural practices, or both. This study analyses the gender dimension of agriculture-related legislation in a selection of different countries around the world, examining the legal status of women in three key areas: rights to land and other natural resources; rights of women agricultural workers; and rights concerning women's agricultural self-employment activities, ranging from women's status in rural cooperatives to their access to credit, training and extension services.