Chlorophyll a Fluorescence
Chlorophyll a Fluorescence

Author: G.C. Papageorgiou

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-11-12

Total Pages: 853

ISBN-13: 1402032188

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Chlorophyll a Fluorescence: A Signature of Photosynthesis highlights chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence as a convenient, non-invasive, highly sensitive, rapid and quantitative probe of oxygenic photosynthesis. Thirty-one chapters, authored by 58 international experts, provide a solid foundation of the basic theory, as well as of the application of the rich information contained in the Chl a fluorescence signal as it relates to photosynthesis and plant productivity. Although the primary photochemical reactions of photosynthesis are highly efficient, a small fraction of absorbed photons escapes as Chl fluorescence, and this fraction varies with metabolic state, providing a basis for monitoring quantitatively various processes of photosynthesis. The book explains the mechanisms with which plants defend themselves against environmental stresses (excessive light, extreme temperatures, drought, hyper-osmolarity, heavy metals and UV). It also includes discussion on fluorescence imaging of leaves and cells and the remote sensing of Chl fluorescence from terrestrial, airborne, and satellite bases. The book is intended for use by graduate students, beginning researchers and advanced undergraduates in the areas of integrative plant biology, cellular and molecular biology, plant biology, biochemistry, biophysics, plant physiology, global ecology and agriculture.

Chlorophyll a Fluorescence in Aquatic Sciences: Methods and Applications
Chlorophyll a Fluorescence in Aquatic Sciences: Methods and Applications

Author: David J. Suggett

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-08-23

Total Pages: 332

ISBN-13: 9048192684

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Measurements of variable chlorophyll fluorescence have revolutionised global research of photosynthetic bacteria, algae and plants and in turn assessment of the status of aquatic ecosystems, a success that has partly been facilitated by the widespread commercialisation of a suite of chlorophyll fluorometers designed for almost every application in lakes, rivers and oceans. Numerous publications have been produced as researchers and assessors have simultaneously sought to optimise protocols and practices for key organisms or water bodies; however, such parallel efforts have led to difficulties in reconciling processes and patterns across the aquatic sciences. This book follows on from the first international conference on “chlorophyll fluorescence in the aquatic sciences” (AQUAFLUO 2007): to bridge the gaps between the concept, measurement and application of chlorophyll fluorescence through the synthesis and integration of current knowledge from leading researchers and assessors as well as instrument manufacturers.

Chlorophyll Fluorescence
Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Author: Mohamed H. Kalaji

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-05-23

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 1498764509

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Chlorophyll a fluorescence is a tool for evaluating plant responses to stress conditions. Fluorescence can be used in plant phenotyping and breeding programs to monitor biotic and abiotic stresses including mineral deficiencies, soil salinity, and pathogenic diseases. Chlorophyll Fluorescence: Understanding Crop Performance — Basics and Applications reviews a diversity of instruments available for recording and analyzing different types of light signals from plants and addresses the use of chlorophyll a fluorescence in research on plants and other photosynthesizing organisms, such as algae and cyanobacteria. This book characterizes the phenomenon of chlorophyll a fluorescence, describes the methods for its measurement, and demonstrates — using selected examples — the applicability of these methods to research the response of the photosynthetic apparatus and plant tolerance to unfavorable environmental conditions. In addition, chapters cover a general background on photosynthesis, analysis of delayed fluorescence, and the pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) technique. The book is addressed to a wide range of professionals in photosynthesis research and scientists from other areas of plant sciences.

Ecophysiology of Photosynthesis
Ecophysiology of Photosynthesis

Author: Ernst-Detlef Schulze

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 580

ISBN-13: 3642793541

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In a world of increasing atmospheric CO2, there is intensified interest in the ecophysiology of photosynthesis and increasing attention is being given to carbon exchange and storage in natural ecosystems. We need to know how much photosynthesis of terrestrial and aquatic vegetation will change as global CO2 increases. Are there major ecosystems, such as the boreal forests, which may become important sinks of CO2 and slow down the effects of anthropogenic CO2 emissions on climate? Will the composition of the vegetation change as a result of CO2 increase? This volume reviews the progress which has been made in understanding photosynthesis in the past few decades at several levels of integration from the molecular level to canopy, ecosystem and global scales.

Practical Applications of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Plant Biology
Practical Applications of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Plant Biology

Author: Jennifer R. DeEll

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 271

ISBN-13: 1461504155

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The technique of chlorophyll fluorescence has a relatively short history, beginning with the observations by Kautsky (Kautsky and Hirsch, 1931). Since that time there have been several· reviews devoted to the subject, with most of them highly theoretical (Bohlar-Nordenkampf and Oquist, 1993; Dau, 1994; Schreiber et aI. , 1994). There have also been many books devoted to generalized spectrophotometric and microscopic fluorescence techniques. However, to the best of our knowledge there has not been a book completely devoted to the practical applications and uses of chlorophyll fluorescence in plant biology. As techniques mature, applications multiply and so do their potential advantages. The chlorophyll fluorescence technique is maturing as can be seen in the increasing numbers of publications that are devoted to its use. Therefore, we considered that now was a good time to compile the existing knowledge for the applied use of this technique and provide a single volume to which a novice or experienced user could refer. Highly trained experts in the field of photobiology have primarily used the chlorophyll fluorescence technique in the past. In that work, understanding the mechanisms and controls of the photosynthetic processes was the main focus of activity and discussion. Much of the equipment used was highly specialized and expensive, or in some cases one-of-a-kind lab designed units. However, the development of several reliable commercially available chlorophyll fluorescence monitoring instruments has changed the potential user base for the technique.

Applications of Chlorophyll Fluorescene
Applications of Chlorophyll Fluorescene

Author: H.K. Lichtenthaler

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1988-11-30

Total Pages: 388

ISBN-13: 9789024737871

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Thi s book is a general introduction into in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence and contains the contributions of the first International Ch 1 orophyll Fluorescence Sympos i urn he 1 din the Phys i kzentrum Bad Honnef, F. R. G. from June 6 to 8, 1988. This Symposium was made possible by a generous support from the Wilhelm and Else Heraeus Foundation, Hanau, which is gratefully acknmvledged. The book not only comprises all aspects of the applications of chlorophyll fluorescence in photosynthesis, stress physiol­ ogy, hydrobiology and remote sensing, but also gives access to measuring techni ques, data acqui si ti on and earl i er 1 iterature references. Thus it is far more than just a common proceedings book, it is a general introduction to all forms of application of the non-destructive in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence including the newest results. In a first chapter the inverse correlation between in vivo chlorophyll fl uorescence and photosynthet i c quantum convers i on and CO? -ass i mi 1 at ion is outlined, the origin and life-time of the chlorophyll fluOrescence at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures are given as well as the induction kinetics (Kautsky effect) and the methodo 1 ogi ca 1 approaches to regi ster different forms of chlorophyll-fluorescence signatures.

Photosynthesis and Production in a Changing Environment
Photosynthesis and Production in a Changing Environment

Author: D.O. Hall

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-12-01

Total Pages: 503

ISBN-13: 9401115664

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The majority of the world's people depend research work should be carried out at the local and regional level by locally trained on plants for their livelihood since they grow them for food, fuel, timber, fodder and people. many other uses. A good understanding Following the success of our earlier book of the practical factors which govern the (Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photo synthesis; Pergamon Press, 1985), which productivity of plants through the process of photosynthesis is therefore of paramount was translated into four major languages, importance, especially in the light of cur the editors and contributors have exten rent concern about global climate change sively revised the content and widened the and the response of both crops and natural scope of the text,· so it now bears a title ecosystems. in line with current concern over global The origins of this book lie in a series of climate change. · In particular, we have training courses sponsored by the United added chapters on remote sensing, con Nations Environment Programme (Project trolled-environment studies, chlorophyll No. FP/6108-88-0l (2855); 'Environment fluorescence, metabolite partitioning and changes and the productivity of tropical the use of mass isotopes, all of which grasslands'), with additional support from techniques are increasing in their applica many international and national agencies. tion and importance to this subject area.

Plant Response to Stress
Plant Response to Stress

Author: John D. Tenhunen

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 650

ISBN-13: 3642708684

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This book is dedicated to international cooperation, understanding and peace. It is the end result of several years of cooperative work between scientists of three countries: the United States, Germany, and Portugal. The work presented, however, draws from a much broader base, hopefully achieving the objective of NATO Advanced Research Workshops, which have been established to allow and stimulate the exchange of new ideas and the synthesis of information by scientists of NATO countries. The tasks of the workshop were several; to review established methodologies that have provided insight into ecosystem function and adaptations of plants in mediterranean climate zones; to examine new methodologies that have recently been applied in ecological studies and have provided new types of information; to summarize recent studies in mediterranean regions of plant water relations, photosynthesis and production, mineral nutrition, plant growth and development, and response to fire; to stimulate in particular an exchange of information among scientists of European Mediterranean countries; and to discuss means by which all of these objectives might be even more effectively achieved in the future through cooperative international research efforts. This variety of themes is clearly evident in the layout of the book. Held in Sesimbra, Portugal in October of 1985, the workshop took place in a ..

Photosynthesis I
Photosynthesis I

Author: A. Trebst

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 749

ISBN-13: 3642665055

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As editor of the two-part Volume V on photosynthesis in RUHLAND'S Encyclopedia, the forerunner of this series published in 1960, I have been approached by the editors of the present volume to provide a short preface. The justification for following this suggestion lies in the great changes which have been taking place in biology in the two decades between these publications, changes which are reflected in the new editorial plan. Twenty years ago it appeared convenient and formally easy to consider photo synthesis as a clearly separated field of research, which could be dealt with under two major headings: one presenting primarily photochemical and biochemical prin ciples, the other physiological and environmental studies. Such a partition, however, as far as aims and opinions of the authors were concerned, resulted in a rather heterogeneous volume. Today, the tendency in experimental biology is towards a merger of previously distinct disciplines. Biochemists and biophysicists have developed their methods to such an extent that, over and above the analysis of individual reaction sequences, work on the manifold interrelationships among cellular activities has become in creasingly possible. Joining them in growing numbers are the physiologists and ecologists with their wealth of information on activity changes in vivo and on the variability and efficiency of the organisms concerned. Furthermore, biochemists, biophysicists and physiologists also now share a lively interest in ultrastructure research, the results and implications of which, through continually improving methodology, have generated important stimuli for the work in the field of cell function.

Photosynthesis, Productivity, and Environmental Stress
Photosynthesis, Productivity, and Environmental Stress

Author: Parvaiz Ahmad

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2019-11-04

Total Pages: 365

ISBN-13: 1119501776

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A guide to environmental fluctuations that examines photosynthesis under both controlled and stressed conditions Photosynthesis, Productivity and Environmental Stress is a much-needed guide that explores the topics related to photosynthesis (both terrestrial and aquatic) and puts the focus on the basic effect of environmental fluctuations. The authors—noted experts on the topic—discuss photosynthesis under both controlled and stressed conditions and review new techniques for mitigating stressors including methods such as transgeneics, proteomics, genomics, ionomics, metabolomics, micromics, and more. In order to feed our burgeoning world population, it is vital that we must increase food production. Photosynthesis is directly related to plant growth and crop production and any fluctuation in the photosynthetic activity imposes great threat to crop productivity. Due to the environmental fluctuations plants are often exposed to the different environmental stresses that cause decreased photosynthetic rate and problems in the plant growth and development. This important book addresses this topic and: Covers topics related to terrestrial and aquatic photosynthesis Highlights the basic effect of environmental fluctuations Explores common stressors such as drought, salinity, alkalinity, temperature, UV-radiations, oxygen deficiency, and more Contains methods and techniques for improving photosynthetic efficiency for greater crop yield Written for biologists and environmentalists, Photosynthesis, Productivity and Environmental Stress offers an overview of the stressors affecting photosynthesis and includes possible solutions for improved crop production.