Viral Infections of Humans
Viral Infections of Humans

Author: Alfred S. Evans

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 744

ISBN-13: 1468447270

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also occurs. New outbreaks of yellow fever have occurred in Colombia and Trinidad and new outbreaks of rift valley fever have occurred in Egypt. Chapter 6, Arenaviruses: The biochemical and physical properties have now been clar ified, and they show a remarkable uniformity in the various viruses constituting the group. The possibility that prenatal infection with LCM may result in hydrocephalus and chorioretinitis has been raised. Serologic surveys have suggested the existence of Lassa virus infection in Guinea, Central African Empire, Mali, Senegal, Cameroon, and Benin, in addition to earlier identification in Nigeria, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Chapter 7, Coronaviruses: New studies have confirmed the important role of these viruses in common respiratory illnesses of children and adults. The viruses are now known to contain a single positive strand of RNA. About 50% of corona virus infections result in clinical illness. About 5% of common colds are caused by strain DC 43 in winter. Chapter 8, Cytomegalovirus: Sections on pathogenesis of CMV in relation to organ transplantation and mononucleosis, as well as sections on the risk and features of con genital infection and disease, have been expanded. There are encouraging preliminary results with a live CMV vaccine, but the questions of viral persistence and oncogenicity require further evaluation.

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Author: Roger Finch

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2012-01-05

Total Pages: 409

ISBN-13: 0191628654

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Antimicrobial agents are essential for the treatment of life-threatening infections and for managing the burden of minor infections in the community. In addition, they play a key role in organ and bone marrow transplantation, cancer chemotherapy, artificial joint and heart valve surgery. Unlike other classes of medicines, they are vulnerable to resistance from mutations in target microorganisms, and their adverse effects may extend to other patients (increased risk of cross-infection). As a consequence, there is a constant requirement for new agents, as well as practices that ensure the continued effective prescribing of licensed agents. Public awareness and concerns about drug resistant organisms has led to widespread publicity and political action in the UK, Europe and worldwide. The control of drug resistance and the implementation of good prescribing practice are now legal requirements in the UK as a result of the UK Health Act (2008). These fundamental changes underscore the need for a thorough understanding of the advantages and risks associated with specific antibiotic choices. This sixth edition of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy continues to be a valuable resource for undergraduates and graduates requiring a thorough grounding in the scientific basis and clinical application of these drugs. This new edition is updated to include the most recently licensed agents, notably in the treatment of viral infections including HIV/AIDS, and contains new guidance on prescribing practice and infection control practices that limit the development and spread of resistant organisms.

Principles and Practice of Cancer Infectious Diseases
Principles and Practice of Cancer Infectious Diseases

Author: Amar Safdar

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2014-07-08

Total Pages: 581

ISBN-13: 1607616440

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Principles and Practice of Cancer Infectious Diseases is a comprehensive and insightful work dedicated to elucidating the problem of infections in cancer patients. This essential volume reviews common and less often encountered infections, while establishing the difficulties behind preventing, diagnosing, and treating infectious diseases in cancer patients. Key sections are devoted to the presentation of clinical symptoms and the identification of major etiologic agents. A cadre of leading clinicians provide a detailed assessment of the risk factors for various infections, critical strategies in preventing and managing infections, and study of the interactions between the pathogen and host's immune function and inflammatory response. With its in-depth knowledge and concise treatment of the distinct facets of infections in cancer patients, this volume is an indispensible tool for all infectious disease specialists and clinical oncologists.

Antibiotic Policies
Antibiotic Policies

Author: Ian M. Gould

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-01-26

Total Pages: 758

ISBN-13: 0387228527

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For 50 years, antibiotics have been dispensed like sweets. This must not be allowed to continue. This unique book assembles contributions from experts around the world concerned with responsible use of antibiotics and the consequences of overuse. For the first time, it provides up to the minute texts on both the theoretical aspects of antibiotic stewardship and the practical aspects of its implementation, with consideration of the key differences between developed and developing countries. All concerned with teaching, practice and administration of clinical medicine, surgery, pharmacy, public health, clinical pharmacology, microbiology, infectious diseases and clinical therapeutics will find Antibiotic Policies: Theory and Practice essential reading. Antibiotic use and resistance is not just the responsibility of specialists in the field but the responsibility of all doctors, pharmacists, nurses, healthcare administrators, patients and the general public.

Chemotherapy of Viral Infections
Chemotherapy of Viral Infections

Author: P E. Came

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 580

ISBN-13: 3642684874

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" . . . the motto for the therapeutics of the future will have to be de sedibus et causis pharmacorum. " P. EHRLICH, 1909 Exciting events in the basic disciplines of virology, immunology, and pharmacology continue to advance the understanding of the pathogenesis and control of virus diseases. At the same time, the rational development of antiviral agents is attracting, to an increasing extent, the interest of workers in other disciplines. Improvements in technology facilitate the definition of potential target sites for antiviral intervention and unmask new viral and host genes. The outcome is a further steady development of new antiviral agents which approach the "magic bullets" first proposed by PAUL EHRLICH. Remarkable advances in protein synthetic methods that yield polypeptides which inhibit active sites of viral proteins have aided substantially in the basic and clinical study of these antiviral agents. In addition, the extremely rapid progression in recombinant DNA techniques, leading to the synthesis of large quantities of gene products, is also increasing our opportunities at a dashing pace. New information and developing technology facilitate research on the mechanism of action, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of new agents. The list of clinically effective antiviral agents is expanding and the number of potentially useful compounds is growing rapidly. This book is a combined theoretical text and practical manual which, it is hoped, will be of use to all who have an interest in virus diseases, particularly scientists, physicians and graduate students.

Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World
Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2006-01-03

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13: 0309180686

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Humans coexist with millions of harmless microorganisms, but emerging diseases, resistance to antibiotics, and the threat of bioterrorism are forcing scientists to look for new ways to confront the microbes that do pose a danger. This report identifies innovative approaches to the development of antimicrobial drugs and vaccines based on a greater understanding of how the human immune system interacts with both good and bad microbes. The report concludes that the development of a single superdrug to fight all infectious agents is unrealistic.

Biofilms in Infection Prevention and Control
Biofilms in Infection Prevention and Control

Author: Steven L. Percival

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2014-01-30

Total Pages: 394

ISBN-13: 0123977517

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Biofilms in Infection and Disease Control: A Healthcare Handbook outlines the scientific evidence and rationale for the prevention of infection, the role biofilms play in infection control, and the issues concerning their resistance to antimicrobials. This book provides practical guidance for healthcare and infection control professionals, as well as students, for preventing and controlling infection. Biofilms are the most common mode of bacterial growth in nature. Highly resistant to antibiotics and antimicrobials, biofilms are the source of more than 65 percent of health care associated infections (HCAI), which, according to the WHO, affect 1.4 million people annually. Biofilms are involved in 80 percent of all microbial infections in the body, including those associated with medical devices such as catheters, endotracheal tubes, joint prostheses, and heart valves. Biofilms are also the principle causes of infections of the middle-ear, dental caries, gingivitis, prostatitis and cystic fibrosis. Importantly, biofilms also significantly delay wound healing and reduce antimicrobial efficiency in at-risk or infected skin wounds. - Provides specific procedures for controlling and preventing infection - Includes case studies of HCAI, and identifies appropriate treatments - Presents national government standards for infection prevention and control - Includes extensive references and links to websites for further information

Chemotherapy of Bacterial Infections
Chemotherapy of Bacterial Infections

Author: R. J. Schnitzer

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-09-12

Total Pages: 633

ISBN-13: 1483273091

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Experimental Chemotherapy, Volume II: Chemotherapy of Bacterial Infections: Part I is devoted to the history, development, and progress of experimental chemotherapy of bacterial infections. The subject matter has been arranged according to particular groups of compounds, and in a few instances according to specific diseases. The emphasis of Volume II is placed on synthetic compounds. The literature is covered up to the latter part of 1963. It is hoped that this volume will be found useful by investigators and teachers concerned with experimental work on new substances and by physicians and veterinarians who use them. The book opens with a discussion of chemotherapy with antibacterial dyestuffs. This is followed by separate chapters on the mode of action of antibacterial substances such as sulfonamides, penicillins, and other antibiotics; the main lines on which research into antibacterial drugs has developed; and drug resistance for chemotherapy. Subsequent chapters deal with antibacterial chemotherapy with sulfonamides, the experimental pharmacology and toxicology of sulfonamides, the use of nitrofurans as chemotherapeutic agents, and antibacterial agents of limited action. The final chapters discuss experimental chemotherapy of tuberculosis and leprosy.

Handbook of Animal Models of Infection
Handbook of Animal Models of Infection

Author: Merle A. Sande

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 1999-05-28

Total Pages: 1169

ISBN-13: 0080533558

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Handbook of Animal Models of Infection is a complete revision of a three-volume text that was published in 1986. It incorporates the major advances in the field during the past decade, in particular those concerning molecular biological procedures and new models that have been developed. It focuses on both methods and techniques, which makes it an essential and comprehensive reference as well as a benchtop manual. The Handbook will help investigators save time and effort in formulating an approach to test a new potential therapeutic agent or combination of agents for in vivo efficacy and to position the therapy for specific infections where it may have therapeutic promise. The book is divided into five sections; the first covering the general methodologies, followed by sections describing experimental bacterial, mycotic, parasitic, and viral infections. - Discusses ethical and safety aspects in an introductory background section - Covers principles of animal care and current techniques appropriate for the use of animal models of infection - Details a wide range of animals including rodents, rabbits, cats, and primates - Provides hands-on descriptions of how to set up the model - Discusses the major advantages and limitations of each model - Ensures full coverage of bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic infections

Antiviral Chemotherapy
Antiviral Chemotherapy

Author: D. J. Jeffries

Publisher:

Published: 1995-07-11

Total Pages: 614

ISBN-13:

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Considerable advances have been made in the treatment of antiviral diseases over the last decade. Several new drugs have been introduced while new clinical information has been gathered on the efficacy of existing drugs. This study aims to provide an examination of the basic science (drug formulae, structure and biochemical activity) and clinical information (usage and efficacy) on chemotherapy, as well as describing future potentials.