Cellulose Hydrolysis

Cellulose Hydrolysis

Author: Liang-tseng Fan

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 204

ISBN-13: 3642725759

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Recent economic trends, especially the worldwide decline in oil prices, and an altered political climate in the United States have combined to bring about major reductions in research on renewable energy resources. Yet there is no escaping the "facts of life" with regard to these resources. The days of inexpensive fossil energy are clearly numbered, the credibility of nuclear energy has fallen to a new low, and fusion energy stands decades or more from practical realization. Sooner than we may wish ,we will have to turn to renewable raw materials - plant "biomass" and, especially, wood - as significant suppliers of energy for both industry and everyday needs. It is therefore especially important to have a single, comprehensive and current source of information on a key step in any process for the technological exploitation of woody materials, cellulose hydrolysis. Further more, it is essential that any such treatment be unbiased with respect to the two methods - chemical and biochemical - for the breakdown of cellulose to sugars. Researchers on cellulose hydrolysis have frequently been chided by persons from industry, especially those individuals concerned with determining the economic feasibility of various technological alternatives. They tell us that schemes for the utilization of wood and other such resources fly in the face of economic realities.


Biomass Utilization

Biomass Utilization

Author: Wilfred Cote

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-12-01

Total Pages: 720

ISBN-13: 1475708335

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This proceedings volume represents the culmination of nearly three years of planning, organizing and carrying out of a NATO Ad vanced Study Institute on Biomass Utilization. The effort was initi ated by Dr. Harry Sobel, then Editor of Biosources Digest, and a steering committee representing the many disciplines that this field brings together. . When the fiscal and logistical details of the original plan could not be worked out, the idea was temporarily suspended. In the spring of 1982, the Renewable Materials Institute of the State University of New York at the College of Environmental Science and Forestry in Syracuse, New York revived the plan. A number of modifications had to be made, including the venue which was changed from the U.S.A. to Portugal. Additional funding beyond the basic support provided by the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO had to be obtained. Ul timately there were supplementary grants from the Foundation for Microbiology and the Anne S. Richardson Fund to assist student participants. The New York State College of Forestry Foundation, Inc. provided major support through the Renewable Ma terials Institute. The ASI was held in Alcabideche, Portugal from September 26 to October 9, 1982. Eighty participants including fifteen principal lecturers were assembled at the Hotel Sintra Estoril for the program that was organized as a comprehensive course on biomass utilization. The main lectures were supplemented by relevant short papers offered by the participants.


Cellulosome

Cellulosome

Author: Vladimir N. Uversky

Publisher: Nova Publishers

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 338

ISBN-13: 9781594549502

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A combination of biochemical, biophysical, immunochemical and ultrastructural techniques, followed by molecular biological verification, led to the definition and proof of the cellulosome concept. The birth of the discrete, multi-enzyme cellulosome complex was thus documented. Today, cellulosomes have been confirmed in numerous but not all cellulolytic bacteria. The cellulosome-producing strains exhibit surprising diversity in the composition and architecture of the component parts.


Cellulose Science and Technology

Cellulose Science and Technology

Author: Jean-Luc Wertz

Publisher: EPFL Press

Published: 2010-06-21

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13: 9781420066883

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An ideal reference for scientists in natural and synthetic polymer research, this book applies basic biology as well as polymer and sugar chemistry to the study of cellulose, and it provides key requirements for understanding this complex science.


Handbook of Nanocellulose and Cellulose Nanocomposites

Handbook of Nanocellulose and Cellulose Nanocomposites

Author: Hanieh Kargarzadeh

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-03-02

Total Pages: 914

ISBN-13: 3527689990

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An up-to-date and comprehensive overview summarizing recent achievements, the state of the art, and trends in research into nanocellulose and cellulose nanocomposites. Following an introduction, this ready references discusses the characterization as well surface modification of cellulose nanocomposites before going into details of the manufacturing and the self-assembly of such compounds. After a description of various alternatives, including thermoplastic, thermosetting, rubber, and fully green cellulose nanocomposites, the book continues with their mechanic and thermal properties, as well as crystallization and rheology behavior. A summary of spectroscopic and water sorption properties precedes a look at environmental health and safety of these nanocomposites. With its coverage of a wide variety of materials, important characterization tools and resulting applications, this is an essential reference for beginners as well as experienced researchers.


Biomass Recalcitrance

Biomass Recalcitrance

Author: Michael Himmel

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Published: 2008-06-23

Total Pages: 552

ISBN-13:

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This book examines the connection between biomass structure, ultrastructure, and composition, to resistance to enzymatic deconstruction, with the aim of discovering new cost-effective technologies for biorefineries. It contains chapters on topics extending from the highest levels of biorefinery design and biomass life-cycle analysis, to detailed aspects of plant cell wall structure, chemical treatments, enzymatic hydrolysis, and product fermentation options."--Pub. desc.


Sustainable Degradation of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Sustainable Degradation of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Author: Anuj Chandel

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2013-05-15

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 9535111191

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This book provides important aspects of sustainable degradation of lignocellulosic biomass which has a pivotal role for the economic production of several value-added products and biofuels with safe environment. Different pretreatment techniques and enzymatic hydrolysis process along with the characterization of cell wall components have been discussed broadly. The following features of this book attribute its distinctiveness: This book comprehensively covers the improvement in methodologies for the biomass pretreatment, hemicellulose and cellulose breakdown into fermentable sugars, the analytical methods for biomass characterization, and bioconversion of cellulosics into biofuels. In addition, mechanistic analysis of biomass pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis have been discussed in details, highlighting key factors influencing these processes at industrial scale.


Peat

Peat

Author: Charles Fuchsman

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 298

ISBN-13: 0323157114

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Peat: Industrial Chemistry and Technology explores the chemistry and chemical technology of peat as a chemical feedstock. The processes that generate peat chemicals, such as solvent extraction and acid hydrolysis, are discussed. Some of the more important implications of peat use for humans and nature are also pointed out. This book describes alternative technologies for each of the major organic components of peat, including solvent extraction of peat bitumens; decolorization and oxidation of peat waxes; acid hydrolysis of unfractionated peat; and coke production. Other chapters discuss chemical characterization and analysis of peat; composition and hydrolysis of peat carbohydrates; composition of peat hydrolysates intended for yeast production; production of organic chemicals by peat hydrolysis; and scale of peat chemical operations. The final chapter examines the ecological and other environmental factors affecting the chemical technology of peat. This monograph will be a useful source of information for chemists, engineers, and managers interested in the industrial potential of peat as a chemical feedstock.