The Spanish Second Republic Revisited
The Spanish Second Republic Revisited

Author: Manuel Álvarez Tardío

Publisher: Liverpool University Press

Published: 2013-02-04

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13: 1836242271

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The Spanish Civil War is one of the most studied events in modern European history. This book analyses the main obstacles to the consolidation of democracy in Spain and debates the principal stereotypes of the traditional historiography of both left and right.

Winter_1962_Foreign_Amateur_Callbook
Winter_1962_Foreign_Amateur_Callbook

Author: Anonymous

Publisher: Hassell Street Press

Published: 2021-09-10

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 9781015165106

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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Pope Alexander III (1159–81)
Pope Alexander III (1159–81)

Author: Anne J. Duggan

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-04-22

Total Pages: 509

ISBN-13: 1317078365

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Alexander III was one of the most important popes of the Middle Ages and his papacy (1159-81) marked a significant watershed in the history of the Western Church and society. This book provides a long overdue reassessment of his papacy and his achievements, bringing together thirteen essays which review existing scholarship and present the latest research and new perspectives. Individual chapters cover topics such as Alexander's many contributions to the law of the Church, which had a major impact upon Western society, notably on marriage, his relations with Byzantium, and the extension of papal authority at the peripheries of the West, in Spain, Northern Europe and the Holy Land. But dominant are the major clashes between secular and spiritual authority: the confrontation between Henry II of England and Thomas Becket after which Alexander eventually secured the king's co-operation and the pope's eighteen-year conflict with the German emperor, Frederick I. Both the papacy and the Western Church emerged as stronger institutions from this struggle, largely owing to Alexander's leadership and resilience: he truly mastered the art of survival.