Calculated Molecular Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Calculated Molecular Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Author: R. A. Hites

Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company

Published: 1987

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are widespread contaminants of the environment arising from both natural and anthropogenic combustion and pyrolysis of organic matter. PAH comprise the largest class of carcinogens known to man. Despite their importance, there is a dearth of information concerning the properties of PAH and many authentic standards are not available. This volume contains a compilation of calculated molecular properties for 272 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and monomethylated PAH, listed in sequence according to their increasing molecular weight. The Chemical Abstracts Registry number is also included for easy reference. The molecular properties were calculated using the semiempirical MNDO method with geometric optimization. These parameters include the heats of formation, the frontier orbital energies, the electronic and nuclear energies, the dipole moment, and the net atomic charges on each atom. The shape parameter and the length/breadth ratio from the optimized geometries is also computed.

WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality
WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality

Author:

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 488

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs): Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate and Biological Effects
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs): Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate and Biological Effects

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2015-03-02

Total Pages: 685

ISBN-13: 0444633006

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book focuses on those organic chemicals that are regulated by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). as well as organic chemical with the attributes of being persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic to ecosystem and human beings, criteria used by the Stockholm Convention for screening POP candidates. Because of the unfavourable properties of POPs, numerous research efforts have been directed toward investigating their input sources, fate, and effects, with the help of continuously improving analytical technologies. The contributors to this book provide an integrated assessment of existing data, which will benefit both the scientific and management communities in planning further research projects and/or pollution control measures. - Comprehensive overview of recent advances in analyzing persistent organic pollutants (POPs) - Covers input sources, fate and biological effects of POPs - Contains essential information for environmental management

Bitumens and Bitumen Emissions, and Some N- and S-heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Bitumens and Bitumen Emissions, and Some N- and S-heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Author: IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of bitumens and their emissions, the N-heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons benz[a]acridine, benz[c]acridine, dibenz[a,h]acridine, dibenz[a,j]acridine, dibenz[c,h]acridine, carbazole and 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole, as well as the S-hetrocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene and dibenzothiophene. Bitumens are produced by distillation of crude oil during petroleum refining, and also occur naturally. Bitumens can be divided into six broad classes, according to their physical properties and specifications required for different applications. The major use (about 80%) of bitumens is for road paving; other uses include roofing, waterproofing, sealing and painting. The term "bitumen" should not be confused with "asphalt", which refers to the mixture of bitumen (4-10% by weight), small stones, sand and filler used for road paving. Bitumens are complex mixtures that contain a large number of organic chemical compounds. Application of bitumens may generate emissions (fumes and vapours) that may contain, among volatile and non-volatile compounds, a number of known or probable carcinogens. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of various occupations that entail exposure to bitumens and bitumen emissions, including road paving, roofing, and application of mastic asphalt, and to various heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic compounds.

PAHs
PAHs

Author: Peter E. T. Douben

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2003-07-25

Total Pages: 404

ISBN-13: 047086429X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), or polyarenes, are one of the largest and most structurally diverse class of organic molecules known. High percentages of polyarenes, representing a wide range of molecular sizes and structural types, are present in coal tars and petroleum residues. The major sources of PAHs are crude oil, coal and oil shale. The fuels produced from these fossil sources constitute the primary source of energy for the industrial nations of the world, and the petrochemicals from these raw materials are the basis of the synthetic fibre and plastics industries. PAHs are however, widespread pollutants and their impact on the environment and human health must be monitored and controlled. This book will review and assess our scientific understanding of the ecological exposure and effects PAHs have in different environments and habitats. It will accomplish this by taking the recipients of the pollution in the environment as starting points and working its way back through pathways to access what is required for our understanding of effects and rationale for control. Although this book will concentrate on ecological exposure of PAHs, the general impacts of PAHs on human populations will be touched upon. It is thought to be the first book to focus on the ecological aspects of PAHs.

Pyrolysis of Organic Molecules
Pyrolysis of Organic Molecules

Author: Serban C. Moldoveanu

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2009-09-16

Total Pages: 737

ISBN-13: 0080932150

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Pyrolysis of Organic Molecules with Applications to Health and Environmental Issues, the 28th volume in the Techniques and Instrumentation in Analytical Chemistry series, gives a systematic and comprehensive description of pyrolysis of non-polymeric organic molecules. Pyrolysis is involved in many practical applications as well as in many common human activities, but harmful compounds can be generated in the process. The study of pyrolysis and of the formation of undesirable compounds as a result of pyrolytic processes is of considerable interest to chemists, chemical engineers, and toxicologists. - Pyrolysis results for compounds not previously studied or reported - Updated information from a large body of results published on pyrolysis of individual compounds or classes of compounds - Information on mechanisms and kinetics of numerous pyrolytic processes

Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals, Second Edition
Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals, Second Edition

Author: Donald Mackay

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2006-03-14

Total Pages: 1000

ISBN-13: 9781566706872

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Transport and transformation processes are key for determining how humans and other organisms are exposed to chemicals. These processes are largely controlled by the chemicals’ physical-chemical properties. This new edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is a comprehensive series in four volumes that serves as a reference source for environmentally relevant physical-chemical property data of numerous groups of chemical substances. The handbook contains physical-chemical property data from peer-reviewed journals and other valuable sources on over 1200 chemicals of environmental concern. The handbook contains new data on the temperature dependence of selected physical-chemical properties, which allows scientists and engineers to perform better chemical assessments for climatic conditions outside the 20–25-degree range for which property values are generally reported. This second edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is an essential reference for university libraries, regulatory agencies, consultants, and industry professionals, particularly those concerned with chemical synthesis, emissions, fate, persistence, long-range transport, bioaccumulation, exposure, and biological effects of chemicals in the environment. This resource is also available on CD-ROM