Biomarker Discovery in the Developing World: Dissecting the Pipeline for Meeting the Challenges
Biomarker Discovery in the Developing World: Dissecting the Pipeline for Meeting the Challenges

Author: Sanjeeva Srivastava

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-09-30

Total Pages: 120

ISBN-13: 8132228375

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This book is oriented towards post-graduates and researchers with interest in proteomics and its applications in clinical biomarker discovery pipeline. Biomarker discovery has long been the research focus of many life scientists globally. However, the pipeline starting from discovery to validation to regulation as a diagnostic or therapeutic molecule follows a complex trajectory. This book aims to provide an in-depth synopsis on each of these developmental phases attendant to biomarker “life cycle” with emphasis on the emerging and significant role of proteomics. The book begins with a perspective on the role of biorepositories and need for biobanking practices in the developing world. The next chapter focuses on disease heterogeneity in context to geographical bias towards susceptibility to the disease and the role of multi-omics techniques to devise disruptive innovations towards biomarker discovery. Chapter 3 focuses on various omics-based platforms that are currently being used for biomarker discovery, their principles and workflow. Mass spectrometry is emerging as a powerful technology for discovery based studies and targeted validation. Chapter 4 aims at providing a glimpse of the basic workflow and considerations in mass spectrometry based studies. Rapid and aptly targeted research funding has often been deemed as one of the decisive factors enabling excellent science and path breaking innovations. With the need for sophistication required in multi-omics research, Chapter 5 focuses on innovative funding strategies such as crowdfunding and Angel philanthropy. Chapter 6 provides the latest advances in education innovation, the premise and reality of bioeconomy especially in a specific context of the developing world, not to mention the new concept of “social innovation” to link biomarkers with socially responsible and sustainable applications. Chapter 7, in ways similar to biomarkers, discusses the biosimilars as a field that has received much focus and prominence recently due to their immense potential in clinical and pharmaceutical innovation literatures. The broader goal post-biomarker discovery is to translate their use in clinics. However, the road from bench-to-bed side is arduous and complex that is subject to oversight from various national and international regulatory bodies. Chapter 8 underscores these regulatory science considerations and provides a concise overview on intellectual property rights in biomarker discovery. Thus, this book contributed by eminent biomarker scientists, clinicians, translational researchers and social scientists holistically covers the various facets of the biomarker discovery journey from “cell to society” in developing world. The lessons learned and highlighted here are of interest to the life sciences community in a global and interdependent world.

Agricultural Bioeconomy
Agricultural Bioeconomy

Author: Chetan Keswani

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2022-11-29

Total Pages: 370

ISBN-13: 0323906958

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Agricultural Bioeconomy: Innovation and Foresight in the Post-COVID Era presents recent advancements in biotechnology, exploring the optimal utilization of technologies to provide rapid and impactful economic recovery and sustainable resources in a future that will bear the mark of COVID-19. Understanding that there is a necessary balance between risk and reward, this book provides a foundational hypothesis as well as operational direction for addressing the commercialization and regulatory issues in a bio-based economy where agricultural output is at the core. By presenting adaptable practices to successfully establish and progress agri-based global bioeconomies, the book features a new paradigm focused on technological foresight and response to future risks and disasters. Key considerations include assessing and managing the urban bioeconomy, climate change mitigation, biofuels and bioenergy, GMOs, and employment generation. This book provides the solid next step toward future-proofing global economies using a combination of agricultural technologies and economic goals. Professionals and advanced students focused on the production of renewable biological resources and their conversion into value-added products including food, feed, bio-based products, and bioenergy will find this book useful. - Addresses recent issues emerging in agro-based economies - Empowers utilization of biotechnology to address worldwide ecological issues - Presents adaptable, risk-management approaches to the adoption of socially and financially valuable agri-based technologies

Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America
Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America

Author: National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine

Publisher:

Published: 2022-04-26

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9780309495035

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As the largest generation in U.S. history - the population born in the two decades immediately following World War II - enters the age of risk for cognitive impairment, growing numbers of people will experience dementia (including Alzheimer's disease and related dementias). By one estimate, nearly 14 million people in the United States will be living with dementia by 2060. Like other hardships, the experience of living with dementia can bring unexpected moments of intimacy, growth, and compassion, but these diseases also affect people's capacity to work and carry out other activities and alter their relationships with loved ones, friends, and coworkers. Those who live with and care for individuals experiencing these diseases face challenges that include physical and emotional stress, difficult changes and losses in their relationships with life partners, loss of income, and interrupted connections to other activities and friends. From a societal perspective, these diseases place substantial demands on communities and on the institutions and government entities that support people living with dementia and their families, including the health care system, the providers of direct care, and others. Nevertheless, research in the social and behavioral sciences points to possibilities for preventing or slowing the development of dementia and for substantially reducing its social and economic impacts. At the request of the National Institute on Aging of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America assesses the contributions of research in the social and behavioral sciences and identifies a research agenda for the coming decade. This report offers a blueprint for the next decade of behavioral and social science research to reduce the negative impact of dementia for America's diverse population. Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America calls for research that addresses the causes and solutions for disparities in both developing dementia and receiving adequate treatment and support. It calls for research that sets goals meaningful not just for scientists but for people living with dementia and those who support them as well. By 2030, an estimated 8.5 million Americans will have Alzheimer's disease and many more will have other forms of dementia. Through identifying priorities social and behavioral science research and recommending ways in which they can be pursued in a coordinated fashion, Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America will help produce research that improves the lives of all those affected by dementia.

General Methods in Biomarker Research and their Applications
General Methods in Biomarker Research and their Applications

Author: Victor R. Preedy

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-08-14

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9789400776951

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In the past decade there has been a major sea change in the way disease is diagnosed and investigated due to the advent of high throughput technologies, such as microarrays, lab on a chip, proteomics, genomics, lipomics, metabolomics etc. These advances have enabled the discovery of new and novel markers of disease relating to autoimmune disorders, cancers, endocrine diseases, genetic disorders, sensory damage, intestinal diseases etc. In many instances these developments have gone hand in hand with the discovery of biomarkers elucidated via traditional or conventional methods, such as histopathology or clinical biochemistry. Together with microprocessor-based data analysis, advanced statistics and bioinformatics these markers have been used to identify individuals with active disease or pathology as well as those who are refractory or have distinguishing pathologies. New analytical methods that have been used to identify markers of disease and is suggested that there may be as many as 40 different platforms. Unfortunately techniques and methods have not been readily transferable to other disease states and sometimes diagnosis still relies on single analytes rather than a cohort of markers. There is thus a demand for a comprehensive and focused evidenced-based text and scientific literature that addresses these issues. Hence the formulation of Biomarkers in Disease. The series covers a wide number of areas including for example, nutrition, cancer, endocrinology, cardiology, addictions, immunology, birth defects, genetics and so on. The chapters are written by national or international experts and specialists.

Precision Cancer Medicine
Precision Cancer Medicine

Author: Sameek Roychowdhury

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-01-02

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 3030236374

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Genomic sequencing technologies have augmented the classification of cancer beyond tissue of origin and towards a molecular taxonomy of cancer. This has created opportunities to guide treatment decisions for individual patients with cancer based on their cancer’s unique molecular characteristics, also known as precision cancer medicine. The purpose of this text will be to describe the contribution and need for multiple disciplines working together to deliver precision cancer medicine. This entails a multi-disciplinary approach across fields including molecular pathology, computational biology, clinical oncology, cancer biology, drug development, genetics, immunology, and bioethics. Thus, we have outlined a current text on each of these fields as they work together to overcome various challenges and create opportunities to deliver precision cancer medicine. As trainees and junior faculty enter their respective fields, this text will provide a framework for understanding the role and responsibility for each specialist to contribute to this team science approach.

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Author: Adam Bohr

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2020-06-21

Total Pages: 385

ISBN-13: 0128184396

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Healthcare is more than a comprehensive introduction to artificial intelligence as a tool in the generation and analysis of healthcare data. The book is split into two sections where the first section describes the current healthcare challenges and the rise of AI in this arena. The ten following chapters are written by specialists in each area, covering the whole healthcare ecosystem. First, the AI applications in drug design and drug development are presented followed by its applications in the field of cancer diagnostics, treatment and medical imaging. Subsequently, the application of AI in medical devices and surgery are covered as well as remote patient monitoring. Finally, the book dives into the topics of security, privacy, information sharing, health insurances and legal aspects of AI in healthcare. - Highlights different data techniques in healthcare data analysis, including machine learning and data mining - Illustrates different applications and challenges across the design, implementation and management of intelligent systems and healthcare data networks - Includes applications and case studies across all areas of AI in healthcare data

Advances in Biomedical Sensing, Measurements, Instrumentation and Systems
Advances in Biomedical Sensing, Measurements, Instrumentation and Systems

Author: Aimé Lay-Ekuakille

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-12-24

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 3642051677

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Advances in technological devices unveil new architectures for instrumentation and improvements in measurement techniques. Sensing technology, related to biomedical aspects, plays a key role in nowadays applications; it promotes different advantages for: healthcare, solving difficulties for elderly persons, clinical analysis, microbiological characterizations, etc.. This book intends to illustrate and to collect recent advances in biomedical measurements and sensing instrumentation, not as an encyclopedia but as clever support for scientists, students and researchers in other to stimulate exchange and discussions for further developments.

Digital Pathology
Digital Pathology

Author: Liron Pantanowitz

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 304

ISBN-13: 9780891896104

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The definitive, complete reference of digital pathology! An extraordinarily comprehensive and complete book for individuals with anything from minimal knowledge to deep, accomplished experience in digital pathology. Easy to read and plainly written, Digital Pathology examines the history and technological evolution of digital pathology, from the birth of scanning technology and telepathology to three-dimensional imaging on large multi-touch displays and computer aided diagnosis. A must-have book for anyone wishing to learn more about and work in this exciting and critical information environment including pathologists, laboratory professionals, students and any other medical practitioners with a particular interest in the history and future of digital pathology. It can also be a useful reference for anyone, medical or non-medical, who have an interest in learning more about the field. Digital pathology is truly a game changer, and this book is a crucial tool for anyone wishing to know more. Subjects discussed in depth include: Static digital imaging; basics and clinical use. Digital imaging processes. Telepathology. While slide imaging. Clinical applications of whole slide imaging. Digital pathology for educational, quality improvement, research and other settings. Forensic digital imaging.

Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030
Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2019-04-21

Total Pages: 243

ISBN-13: 0309473926

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For nearly a century, scientific advances have fueled progress in U.S. agriculture to enable American producers to deliver safe and abundant food domestically and provide a trade surplus in bulk and high-value agricultural commodities and foods. Today, the U.S. food and agricultural enterprise faces formidable challenges that will test its long-term sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience. On its current path, future productivity in the U.S. agricultural system is likely to come with trade-offs. The success of agriculture is tied to natural systems, and these systems are showing signs of stress, even more so with the change in climate. More than a third of the food produced is unconsumed, an unacceptable loss of food and nutrients at a time of heightened global food demand. Increased food animal production to meet greater demand will generate more greenhouse gas emissions and excess animal waste. The U.S. food supply is generally secure, but is not immune to the costly and deadly shocks of continuing outbreaks of food-borne illness or to the constant threat of pests and pathogens to crops, livestock, and poultry. U.S. farmers and producers are at the front lines and will need more tools to manage the pressures they face. Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 identifies innovative, emerging scientific advances for making the U.S. food and agricultural system more efficient, resilient, and sustainable. This report explores the availability of relatively new scientific developments across all disciplines that could accelerate progress toward these goals. It identifies the most promising scientific breakthroughs that could have the greatest positive impact on food and agriculture, and that are possible to achieve in the next decade (by 2030).

The Immunology of Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Pathology
The Immunology of Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Pathology

Author: Susanne Sattler

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-06-30

Total Pages: 285

ISBN-13: 3319576135

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Cardiovascular immunology is a newly emerging research area, investigating the crosstalk between the cardiovascular and the immune system. This crosstalk is evident through (1) crucial immunological capacities and functions of cardiovascular cell types, including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, pericytes and cardiac resident macrophages, (2) the impact of aberrant immune function on the development of cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis, direct and indirect immune-mediated heart disease and vasculitis, and (3) the crucial role of the immune system in cardiac repair and regeneration. The Immunology of Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Pathology covers all these aspects of cardiovascular immunology, starting with homeostatic immunological functions of traditional cardiovascular cell types, and moving then to the role of the immune system in cardiovascular pathology and to recent research into targeting the immune system to boost cardiac healing and regeneration.