An in depth examination of manufacturing control systems using structured design methods. Topics include ladder logic and other IEC 61131 standards, wiring, communication, analog IO, structured programming, and communications.Allen Bradley PLCs are used extensively through the book, but the formal design methods are applicable to most other PLC brands.A full version of the book and other materials are available on-line at http://engineeronadisk.com
This introductory text, which requires no prerequisites examines the components used in automated systems. It provides a balanced coverage of sensors, actuators, controllers and control theory and discusses some special-purpose automation components, automation systems and automation concepts. The text is unique in its clear, complete coverage of servosystems.
The text is designed for engineering students at the senior undergraduate level and first-year students at graduate level, and professionals (R&D engineers in the industry and factory managers). The authors offer a unique effort in presenting a unified and systematic treatment of various modeling methodologies and analysis techniques for performance evaluation of automated manufacturing systems. The text begins with an overview of automated manufacturing systems, and then provides a clear and comprehensive discussion of three principal analytical modeling paradigms: Markov Chains, Queues and Queuing Networks, and Petri Nets. Salient Features • Present the first ever treatment of the mathematical modeling of manufacturing systems. • Offers a unified study of principal analytical modeling paradigms for automated manufacturing systems. • Discusses many recent research contributions in the area of modeling of automated manufacturing systems. • Discusses many recent research contributions in the area of modeling of automated manufacturing systems, including deadlock modeling, transient analysis, queuing network approximations, Petri Net modeling, and integrated analytical modeling. • Provides a large number of exercises and problems.
xiv box for Balanced Automation, research in this area is still young and emerging. In our opinion, the development of hybrid balanced solutions to cope with a variety of automation levels and manual approaches, is a much more challenging research problem than the search for a purely automatic solution. Various research activities described in this book illustrate some of these challenges through the development proposals, assisting tools, and initial results. In certain chapters however, the balancing aspects are not yet achieved in the research area, but their inclusion in this book is intended to give a broader and more comprehensive perspective of the multiple areas involved. One important aspect to be noticed is the extension and application of the concept of balanced automation to all areas of the manufacturing enterprise. Clearly, the need for a "balanced" approach is not restricted to the shop floor components, rather it applies to all other areas, as illustrated by the wide spectrum of research contributions found in this book. For instance, the need for an appropriate integration of multiple systems and their perspectives is particularly important for the implantation of virtual enterprises. Although both the BASYS'95 and the BASYS'96 conferences have provided important contributions, approaches, and tools for the implantation of balanced automation systems, there are a number of areas that require further research: .
Deadlock problems in flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) have received more and more attention in the last two decades. Petri nets are one of the more promising mathematical tools for tackling deadlocks in various resource allocation systems. In a system modeled with Petri nets, siphons are tied to the occurrence of deadlock states as a structural object. The book systematically introduces the novel theory of siphons, traps, and elementary siphons of Petri nets as well as the deadlock control strategies for FMS developed from it. Deadlock prevention methods are examined comparatively. The many FMS examples presented to demonstrate the concepts and results of this book range from the simple to the complex. Importantly, to inspire and motive the reader’s interest in further research, a number of interesting and open problems in this area are proposed at the end of each chapter.
This monograph presents the state-of-the-art developments in the design of behaviorally and structurally optimal livenessen-forcing Petri net supervisors with computationally tractable approaches. It details optimal supervisory control problems arising in automated production systems and outlines a methodology to achieve the optimality purposes of deadlock prevention via converting a variety of problems under consideration into integer linear programming models. The book includes a reference bibliography at the end of each chapter and a complete index.
Evolving technologies in mass production have led to the development of advanced techniques in the field of manufacturing. These technologies can quickly and effectively respond to various market changes, necessitating processes that focus on small batches of multiple products rather than large, single-product lines. Formal Methods in Manufacturing Systems: Recent Advances explores this shifting paradigm through an investigation of contemporary manufacturing techniques and formal methodologies that strive to solve a variety of issues arising from a market environment that increasingly favors flexible systems over traditional ones. This book will be of particular use to industrial engineers and students of the field who require a detailed understanding of current trends and developments in manufacturing tools. This book is part of the Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering series collection.
Microprocessors play a dominant role in computer technology and have contributed uniquely in the development of many new concepts and design techniques for modem industrial systems. This contribution is excessively high in the area of robotic and manufacturing systems. However, it is the editor's feeling that a reference book describing this contribution in a cohesive way and covering the major hardware and software issues is lacking. The purpose of this book is exactly to fill in this gap through the collection and presentation of the experience of a number of experts and professionals working in different academic and industrial environments. The book is divided in three parts. Part 1 involves the first four chapters and deals with the utilization of microprocessors and digital signal processors ( DSPs ) for the computation of robot dynamics. The emphasis here is on parallel computation with particular problems attacked being task granularity, task allocation/scheduling and communication issues. Chapter I, by Zheng and Hemami, is concerned with the real-time multiprocessor computation of torques in robot control systems via the Newton-Euler equations. This reduces substantially the height of the evaluation tree which leads to more effective parallel processing. Chapter 2, by D'Hollander, examines thoroughly the automatic scheduling of the Newton-Euler inverse dynamic equations. The automatic program decomposition and scheduling techniques developed are embedded in a tool used to generate multiprocessor schedules from a high-level language program.
This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Manufacturing (RAM 2020). The volume focuses on latest research trends in manufacturing systems such as CAE, CAD/CAM, robotics and automation, reverse engineering, resource planning and simulation, computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) systems, product life-cycle management, collaborative engineering, process monitoring control and traceability technologies, supply chain management, environment risk analysis, and manufacturing systems of renewable energy devices. The topics covered also include emerging fields of the fourth industrial revolution such cyber physical systems and cyber security, and wireless sensors and sensor networks for manufacturing. This book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners interested in latest developments in the field of manufacturing systems.
Master production scheduling II 60 On-line scheduling 65 Specific data requirements 69 Mailbox approaches 70 Conclusion 72 Chapter 7: Cell Level Control 75 Introduction 75 CCS classification 77 What is a cell? 78 CCS operational modes 80 Conclusion 86 Chapter 8: Equipment Level Control 89 Introduction 89 What is meant by equipment? 90 Equipment level control structure 92 Conclusion 94 Chapter 9: Conclusion and Future Trends 95 Overall production planning and control functions 98 Future trends 100 Conclusion 102 Appendix I: Master Production Scheduling II 103 References 107 Index 109 Preface This book is intended as an introduction to production planning and control of automated manufacturing systems. As such, it links together two diverse fields of interest: in the area of production planning and control there is a large body of work completed in analytical models, computer structures and overall systems; equally, for the hardware and detailed control aspects of the equipment used (for example, NC machines, robots, etc), comprehensive studies have also been completed. To cover each area fully would result in a work of several volumes. Instead, this book stresses the important elements of both areas that are vital to effective production planning and control of the whole automated manufacturing system.
