Advances in the Sociology of Trust and Cooperation

Advances in the Sociology of Trust and Cooperation

Author: Vincent Buskens

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2020-10-26

Total Pages: 457

ISBN-13: 3110647494

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The problem of cooperation is one of the core issues in sociology and social science more in general. The key question is how humans, groups, organizations, institutions, and countries can avoid or overcome the collective good dilemmas that could lead to a Hobbesian "war of all against all". The chapters in this book provide state of the art examples of research on this crucial topic. These include theoretical, laboratory, and field studies on trust and cooperation, thereby approaching the issue in three complementary and synergetic ways. The theoretical work covers articles on trust and control, reputation formation, and paradigmatic articles on the benefits and caveats of abstracting reality into models. The laboratory studies test the implications of different models of trust and reputation, such as the effects of social and institutional embeddedness and the potentially emerging inequalities this may cause. The field studies test these implications in applied settings such as business purchasing and supply, informal care, and different kinds of collaboration networks. This book is exemplary for rigorous social science. The focus is on effects of social conditions, in particular different forms of social and institutional embeddedness, on social outcomes at the macro level. Modelling efforts are applied to connect social conditions to social outcomes through micro-level behavior in ways that are easily overlooked when argumentation is intuitive and impressionistic. The book sets forth a mixed-method approach by applying different empirical methods to test hypotheses about similar questions. Several contributions re-evaluate the theoretical strengths and weaknesses following from the laboratory and field studies. Improving the theory in light of these findings facilitates pushing the boundaries of social science .


Urban Humanities

Urban Humanities

Author: Dana Cuff

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2020-04-07

Total Pages: 338

ISBN-13: 0262356996

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Original, action-oriented humanist practices for interpreting and intervening in the city: a new methodology at the intersection of the humanities, design, and urban studies. Urban humanities is an emerging field at the intersection of the humanities, urban planning, and design. It offers a new approach not only for understanding cities in a global context but for intervening in them, interpreting their histories, engaging with them in the present, and speculating about their futures. This book introduces both the theory and practice of urban humanities, tracing the evolution of the concept, presenting methods and practices with a wide range of research applications, describing changes in teaching and curricula, and offering case studies of urban humanities practices in the field. Urban humanities views the city through a lens of spatial justice, and its inquiries are centered on the microsettings of everyday life. The book's case studies report on real-world projects in mega-cities in the Pacific Rim—Tokyo, Shanghai, Mexico City, and Los Angeles—with several projects described in detail, including playful spaces for children in car-oriented Mexico City, a commons in a Tokyo neighborhood, and a rolling story-telling box to promote “literary justice” in Los Angeles.


Strategy, Air Strike and Small Nations

Strategy, Air Strike and Small Nations

Author: Shaun Clarke

Publisher:

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 204

ISBN-13: 9780642265470

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Militarily subordinated by greater partners within the settings of colonialism, Cold War and UN coalition, small modern nations have developed offensive air power capabilities predominantly geared for the 'fielded' battles of land, sea and air. 'Strategic bombing' against the enemy's very will and capacity for war has remained the exclusive franchise of greater nations. Within superpower-led coalition, the traditional small nation focus arguably remains adequate. In the post-Cold War environment, however, as planners increasingly consider the absence of superpower intervention in regional dispute, attention must be directed at understanding the greater air power potentials of individual small nations and non-superpower coalitions. What is the essence of strategic bombing? Is it within the reach of small modern nation offensive air power? Or are the demands of mass, tempo and sustainability - so characteristic of the century's classic strategic bombing campaigns - disqualifiers for small players?


Collaboration in the Holocaust

Collaboration in the Holocaust

Author: M. Dean

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-06-12

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13: 1349621463

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What was the role played by local police volunteers in the Holocaust? Using powerful eye-witness descriptions from the towns and villages of Belorussia and Ukraine, Martin Dean's new book reveals local policemen as hands-on collaborators of the Nazis. They brutally drove Jewish neighbors from their homes and guarded them closely on the way to their deaths. Some distinguished themselves as ruthless murders. Outnumbering German police manpower in these areas, the local police were the foot-soldiers of the Holocaust in the east.