The manual reflects the results of a 3-year participatory learning process that comprised many meetings, workshops, village case studies, a baseline survey of 20 poor villages, two monitoring trials in another 20 villages, and a full monitoring survey of all 223 villages in Kutai Barat. The principal purpose of this manual is to provide technical guidelines and background information to poverty assessors at district, subdistrict and village level in Kutai Barat. Therefore, the manual is structured in modules according to the tasks of the assessors. It describes the poverty monitoring system step by step, from the development of local poverty indicators to the final analysis and application of monitoring data.
In general, the effectiveness of microfinance-driven poverty-alleviation programs run by Government Organizations (GOs) and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) in developing countries, such as Bangladesh, is assessed by repayment rates, the number of beneficiaries, the area coverage, the amount of loans disbursed, the cost of operations, profitability, and the financial sustainability of the projects. This study argues that these methods are quite restrictive since none of them reflect the perceptions of poor people concerning the effectiveness of such projects. Development agencies such as GOs and NGOs have never been compared on the basis of service delivery effectiveness (a process-based comparison); nor have they ever been compared on the basis of their relative contribution to raising the living standards of the poor (an outcome-based comparison). Both types of comparison are crucial to poverty reduction. The main reason behind the absence of such comparisons is the unavailability of the appropriate parameters that could be used for such analysis. For the process-based comparison, this study develops and validates a two-dimensional multi-item service delivery effectiveness scale through construct, convergent, discriminant and nomological validity. The scale captures different aspects of effectiveness in the delivery of services. These aspects are termed the ‘credibility dimension’ and the ‘focus towards beneficiaries dimension’ of service delivery in poverty-alleviation programs. For the output-based comparison, this study also develops and validates a ‘multidimensional poverty model’ to compare the effectiveness of GOs and NGOs in contributing to the economic, social, political, and cultural elements in the lives of the poor. The methodology is based on 930 samples collected from 12 districts and 107 randomly chosen villages in Bangladesh during September–December 2009.
This volume provides a balanced picture of change and continuity within Dayak societies from an anthropological perspective by exploring diverse ways in which certain kinds of knowledge, performances and practices continue within the context of rapid and profound change. The contributions cover a broad variety of topics including political reform, decentralisation, environmental change and related changes in natural resource management, religion and ritual practice, the (re-)formation of ethnic identities as well as conflict transformation in Indonesian Borneo.
China’s War against the Many Faces of Poverty measures multidimensional poverty in China and deprivation related to income, education, health issues, living standards and social security. The book adopts a well-developed methodology using three different empirical datasets to analyse aspects of regional diversity across rural and urban and migrant populations of China. The book also analyses the links between development policies considered by the government and the various facets of poverty in light of rapid economic growth and addresses important policy implications. In the existing literature, in-depth research on multidimensional poverty in China is almost non-existent. This book is a pioneer study in this important field of research. With its innovative approach in concepts and methodologies and in its analysis of policy implications make this book a definitive and valuable addition to the literature.
