This book covers principles of measurement, instruments, and instrumentation...a systems viewpoint, and covers the analysis of measurement problems associated with systems.
Knowledge of instrumentation is critical in light of the highly sensitive and precise requirements of modern processes and systems. Rapid development in instrumentation technology coupled with the adoption of new standards makes a firm, up-to-date foundation of knowledge more important than ever in most science and engineering fields. Understanding this, Robert B. Northrop produced the best-selling Introduction to Instrumentation and Measurements in 1997. The second edition continues to provide in-depth coverage of a wide array of modern instrumentation and measurement topics, updated to reflect advances in the field. See What's New in the Second Edition: Anderson Current Loop technology Design of optical polarimeters and their applications Photonic measurements with photomultipliers and channel-plate photon sensors Sensing of gas-phase analytes (electronic "noses") Using the Sagnac effect to measure vehicle angular velocity Micromachined, vibrating mass, and vibrating disk rate gyros Analysis of the Humphrey air jet gyro Micromachined IC accelerometers GPS and modifications made to improve accuracy Substance detection using photons Sections on dithering, delta-sigma ADCs, data acquisition cards, the USB, and virtual instruments and PXI systems Based on Northrop's 40 years of experience, Introduction to Instrumentation and Measurements, Second Edition is unequalled in its depth and breadth of coverage.
The book Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement has been written for the students of BE/BTech in Electronics and Communication Engineering, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, and Electronic Instrumentation Engineering. It explains the performance, operation and applications of the most important electronic measuring instruments, techniques and instrumentation methods that include both analog and digital instruments. The book covers a wide range of topics that deal with the basic measurement theory, measurement techniques, such as analog meter movements, digital instruments, power and energy measurement meters, AC and DC bridges, magnetic measurements, cathode ray oscilloscope, display devices and recorders, and transducers. It also explains generation and analysis of signals along with DC and AC potentiometers, and transformers. Key Features • Complete coverage of the subject as per the syllabi of most universities • Relevant illustrations provide graphical representation for in-depth knowledge • A large number of mathematical examples for maximum clarity of concepts • Chapter objectives at the beginning of each chapter for its overview • Chapter-end summary and exercises for quick review and to test your knowledge • A comprehensive index in alphabetical form for quick access to finer topics
The book provides a readable introduction to ordinary workshop and laboratory instrumentation. Material is presented through a careful blend of theory and practice to provide a practical book for those who will soon be in the real world, working with electronics. KEY TOPICS: Contains a section on measurement math and statistics. Discusses technology from the late 19 century to the present to provide a context for the development of current and future technological innovations. Presents the theories and process of measurement to provide readers with an understanding of the practical uses of the instruments being studied. Includes practical material that is oriented toward various fields of measurement: electronic communications, audio, components testing, medical electronics and servicing.
This title presents the general principles of instrumentation processes. It explains the theoretical analysis of physical phenomena used by standard sensors and transducers to transform a physical value into an electrical signal. The pre-processing of these signals through electronic circuits – amplification, signal filtering and analog-to-digital conversion – is then detailed, in order to provide useful basic information. Attention is then given to general complex systems. Topics covered include instrumentation and measurement chains, sensor modeling, digital signal processing and diagnostic methods and the concept of smart sensors, as well as microsystem design and applications. Numerous industrial examples punctuate the discussion, setting the subjects covered in the book in their practical context.
This text offers comprehensive coverage of electronic instruments and electronics-aided measurements, highlighting the essential components of digital electronic instrumentation and the principles involved in electrical and electronic measurement processes. It also explains the stages involved in data acquisition systems for acquiring, manipulating, processing, storing, displaying and interpreting the sought-for data. The principal instruments presented in this book include cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO), analyzers, signal generators, oscillators, frequency synthesizers, sweep generators, function generators and attenuators. Besides, the book covers several laboratory meters such as phase meters, frequency meters, Q-meters, wattmeters, energy meters, power factor meters, and measurement bridges. Also included are a few important sensors and transducers which are used in the measurement of temperature, pressure, flow rate, liquid level, force, etc. The book also emphasizes the growing use of fibre optic instrumentation. It explains some typical fibre optic sensing systems including the fibre optic gyroscope. Some applications of optical fibre in biomedical area are described as well. The book is intended for a course on Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation prescribed for B.E./B.Tech. students of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Electronics and Control Engineering, and Electronics and Computer Engineering. It will also be a useful book for diploma level students pursuing courses in electrical/electronics/instrumentation disciplines. A variety of worked-out examples and exercises serve to illustrate and test the understanding of the underlying concepts and principles. ADDITIONAL FEATURES • Provides the essential background knowledge concerning the principles of analogue and digital electronics • Conventional techniques of measurement of electrical quantities are also presented • Shielding, grounding and EMI aspects of instrumentation are highlighted • Units, dimensions, standards, measurement errors and error analysis are dealt with in the appendices • Techniques of automated test and measurement systems are briefly discussed in an appendix
Electronic Measurement Systems: Theory and Practice, Second Edition is designed for those who require a thorough understanding of the wide variety of both digital and analogue electronic measurement systems in common use. The first part of the book discusses basic concepts such as system specification, architectures, structures, and components. Later chapters cover topics important for the proper functioning of systems including reliability, guarding/shielding, and noise. Finally, an unusual chapter treats the problems of the human aspects of the design of measurement systems. The book also includes problems and exercises. New to the Second Edition Extended section about signal structures, I/O bussystems, DAQ boards, and their architecture User programmable devices (UPLD's) and the use of microprocessor principles in instrumentation Novel approaches on reliability due to built-in testability becoming a major design feature A brief introduction to the related physics of each transducer energy domain to understand what the principle of operation is Discussion of the ADM method for drift elimination Introduction to the European Electro Magnetic Compatibility legislation and the ISO 9000 system Additional noise calculation techniques and noise in sensors Chapter on autozeroing transducers and sensor interfacing, paying particular attention to bridge circuits for modulating transducers
The importance of electronic measuring instruments and transducers is well known in the various engineering fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of various electronic measuring instruments, transducers, data acquisition system, oscilloscopes and measurement of physical parameters. The book starts with explaining the theory of measurement including characteristics of instruments, classification, statistical analysis and limiting errors. Then the book explains the various analog and digital instruments such as average and true rms responding voltmeters, chopper and sampling voltmeter, types of digital voltmeters, multimeter and ohmmeter. It also includes the discussion of high frequency impedance measurement. The book further explains types of signal generators and various signal analyzers such as wave analyzer, logic analyzer, distortion analyzer and power analyzer. The book teaches various d.c. and a.c. bridges along with necessary derivations and phasor diagrams. The book incorporates the discussion of various types of conventional and special purpose oscilloscopes. The book includes the discussion of time and frequency measurement and types of recorders. The chapter on transducers is dedicated to the detailed discussion of various types of transducers. The book also includes the measurement of various physical parameters such as flow, displacement, velocity, force, pressure and torque. Finally, it incorporates the discussion of data acquisition system. Each chapter gives the conceptual knowledge about the topic dividing it in various sections and subsections. Each chapter provides the detailed explanation of the topic, practical examples and variety of solved problems. The book explains the philosophy of the subject which makes the understanding of the concepts very clear and makes the subject more interesting.
Measurement and Instrumentation: Theory and Application, Second Edition, introduces undergraduate engineering students to measurement principles and the range of sensors and instruments used for measuring physical variables. This updated edition provides new coverage of the latest developments in measurement technologies, including smart sensors, intelligent instruments, microsensors, digital recorders, displays, and interfaces, also featuring chapters on data acquisition and signal processing with LabVIEW from Dr. Reza Langari. Written clearly and comprehensively, this text provides students and recently graduated engineers with the knowledge and tools to design and build measurement systems for virtually any engineering application. - Provides early coverage of measurement system design to facilitate a better framework for understanding the importance of studying measurement and instrumentation - Covers the latest developments in measurement technologies, including smart sensors, intelligent instruments, microsensors, digital recorders, displays, and interfaces - Includes significant material on data acquisition and signal processing with LabVIEW - Extensive coverage of measurement uncertainty aids students' ability to determine the accuracy of instruments and measurement systems