Surgical Site Infection
Surgical Site Infection

Author: Andrew Welsh

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 142

ISBN-13: 9781904752691

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Infections that occur in the wound created by an invasive surgical procedure are generally referred to as surgical site infections (SSIs). SSIs are one of the most important causes of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). A prevalence survey undertaken in 2006 suggested that approximately 8% of patients in hospital in the UK have an HCAI. SSIs accounted for 14% of these infections and nearly 5% of patients who had undergone a surgical procedure were found to have developed an SSI. However, prevalence studies tend to underestimate SSI because many of these infections occur after the patient has been discharged from hospital. SSIs are associated with considerable morbidity and it has been reported that over one-third of postoperative deaths are related, at least in part, to SSI. However, it is important to recognise that SSIs can range from a relatively trivial wound discharge with no other complications to a life-threatening condition. Other clinical outcomes of SSIs include poor scars that are cosmetically unacceptable, such as those that are spreading, hypertrophic or keloid, persistent pain and itching, restriction of movement, particularly when over joints, and a significant impact on emotional wellbeing. SSI can double the length of time a patient stays in hospital and thereby increase the costs of health care. Additional costs attributable to SSI of between £814 and £6626 have been reported depending on the type of surgery and the severity of the infection. The main additional costs are related to re-operation, extra nursing care and interventions, and drug treatment costs. The indirect costs, due to loss of productivity, patient dissatisfaction and litigation, and reduced quality of life, have been studied less extensively.

Advances in Patient Safety
Advances in Patient Safety

Author: Kerm Henriksen

Publisher:

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 526

ISBN-13:

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v. 1. Research findings -- v. 2. Concepts and methodology -- v. 3. Implementation issues -- v. 4. Programs, tools and products.

Global Gidelines for the Pevention of Surgical Site Infection
Global Gidelines for the Pevention of Surgical Site Infection

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher:

Published: 2017-01-27

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 9789241549882

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Surgical site infections are caused by bacteria that get in through incisions made during surgery. They threaten the lives of millions of patients each year and contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance. In low- and middle-income countries, 11% of patients who undergo surgery are infected in the process. In Africa, up to 20% of women who have a caesarean section contract a wound infection, compromising their own health and their ability to care for their babies. But surgical site infections are not just a problem for poor countries. In the United States, they contribute to patients spending more than 400 000 extra days in hospital at a cost of an additional US $10 billion per year. No international evidence-based guidelines had previously been available before WHO launched its global guidelines on the prevention of surgical site infection on 3 November 2016, and there are inconsistencies in the interpretation of evidence and recommendations in existing national guidelines. These new WHO guidelines are valid for any country and suitable to local adaptations, and take account of the strength of available scientific evidence, the cost and resource implications, and patient values and preferences.

Infections in Surgery
Infections in Surgery

Author: Massimo Sartelli

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-01-29

Total Pages: 279

ISBN-13: 3030621162

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Although most clinicians are aware of the problem of antimicrobial resistance, most also underestimate its significance in their own hospital. The incorrect and inappropriate use of antibiotics and other antimicrobials, as well as poor prevention and poor control of infections, are contributing to the development of such resistance. Appropriate use of antibiotics and compliance with infection prevention and control measures should be integral aspects of good clinical practice and standards of care. However, these activities are often inadequate among clinicians, and there is a considerable gap between the best evidence and actual clinical practice. In hospitals, cultural determinants influence clinical practice, and improving behaviour in terms of infection prevention and antibiotics-prescribing practice remains a challenge. Despite evidence supporting the effectiveness of best practices, many clinicians fail to implement them, and evidence-based processes and practices that are known to optimize both the prevention and the treatment of infections tend to be underused. Addressing precisely this problem, this volume offers an essential toolkit for all surgeons and intensivists interested in improving their clinical practices.

Sepsis Management in Resource-limited Settings
Sepsis Management in Resource-limited Settings

Author: Arjen M. Dondorp

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-02-08

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 3030031438

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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. It constitutes a unique source of knowledge and guidance for all healthcare workers who care for patients with sepsis and septic shock in resource-limited settings. More than eighty percent of the worldwide deaths related to sepsis occur in resource-limited settings in low and middle-income countries. Current international sepsis guidelines cannot be implemented without adaptations towards these settings, mainly because of the difference in local resources and a different spectrum of infectious diseases causing sepsis. This prompted members of the Global Intensive Care working group of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) and the Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU, Bangkok, Thailand) - among which the Editors – to develop with an international group of experts a comprehensive set of recommendations for the management of sepsis in resource-limited settings. Recommendations are based on both current scientific evidence and clinical experience of clinicians working in resource-limited settings. The book includes an overview chapter outlining the current challenges and future directions of sepsis management as well as general recommendations on the structure and organization of intensive care services in resource-limited settings. Specific recommendations on the recognition and management of patients with sepsis and septic shock in these settings are grouped into seven chapters. The book provides evidence-based practical guidance for doctors in low and middle income countries treating patients with sepsis, and highlights areas for further research and discussion.

Hernia Repair Sequelae
Hernia Repair Sequelae

Author: Volker Schumpelick

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-03-10

Total Pages: 496

ISBN-13: 3642115411

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Even the best hernia repair can result in postoperative difficulties for the patient caused by repair sequelae as for example pain, infertility, infection, adhesion and dislocation of the protheses. That can happen many years later and now, where the general principle of hernia repair is well understood all over the world, these sequelae are noticed more and more. To define them, to evaluate the absolute and relative risk of these sequelaes and to describe the ways of their prevention, diagnosis and treatment, the 5th Suvretta meeting had focussed on this subject. We discussed if there’s a principle risk by technique, material or both. The results of these discussions and the future handling and evaluation of this problem was the aim of this meeting. Even the best method can be made better by optimization of its single components. Even the best hernia repair can result in postoperative difficulties for the patient caused by repair sequelae such as pain, infertility, infection, adhesion and dislocation of the prostheses. This can happen many years later, and now that the general principle of hernia repair is broadly understood all over the world, these sequelae are being noticed more and more. The 5th Suvretta meeting was held in order to define these sequelae, to evaluate the absolute and relative risks they pose, and to discuss the methods of their prevention, diagnosis and treatment. We discussed whether the principal risk was related to technique, material or both. This discussion and the future approach to and evaluation of this problem were the aims of the meeting, working on the premise that even the best method can be made better by optimizing its individual components.

Complications in Equine Surgery
Complications in Equine Surgery

Author: Luis M. Rubio-Martinez

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2021-02-08

Total Pages: 896

ISBN-13: 1119190088

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Complications in Equine Surgery is the first reference to focus exclusively on understanding, preventing, recognizing, managing, and prognosing, technical and post-procedural complications in equine surgery. Edited by two noted experts on the topic, the book presents evidence-based information using a clear approach, organized by body system. Featuring color images, the book contains detailed coverage of the gastrointestinal, respiratory, musculoskeletal, urogenital, and neurological systems. Each chapter contains a short introduction of the procedure with explanations of when and how the procedure is to be performed. All chapters review how to recognize and prevent technical complications and explain how to manage post-operative complications. This important text: Offers the first resource specifically focused on complications encountered in equine surgery Takes a helpful format organized by body system Provides consistently formatted chapters for ease of use Covers clinically relevant information for dealing with technical and post-operative complications Presents more than 350 color images to illustrate the concepts described Written for general practitioners and specialists, Complications in Equine Surgery is an essential resource to decreasing morbidity and mortality and increasing surgical success in horses.

Anthrax in Humans and Animals
Anthrax in Humans and Animals

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 219

ISBN-13: 9241547537

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This fourth edition of the anthrax guidelines encompasses a systematic review of the extensive new scientific literature and relevant publications up to end 2007 including all the new information that emerged in the 3-4 years after the anthrax letter events. This updated edition provides information on the disease and its importance, its etiology and ecology, and offers guidance on the detection, diagnostic, epidemiology, disinfection and decontamination, treatment and prophylaxis procedures, as well as control and surveillance processes for anthrax in humans and animals. With two rounds of a rigorous peer-review process, it is a relevant source of information for the management of anthrax in humans and animals.

Clinical Infectious Disease
Clinical Infectious Disease

Author: David Schlossberg

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2015-04-23

Total Pages: 1509

ISBN-13: 110703891X

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A clinically oriented, user-friendly text on the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases for practising clinicians, students and residents.