The History of Science and Technology

The History of Science and Technology

Author: Bryan H. Bunch

Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 792

ISBN-13: 9780618221233

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In this age of genetic engineering and global warming, it is more important than ever to understand the history and current trends of science and technology. With so much information out there, though, it's hard to know where to start. That's where The History of Science and Technology -- the most comprehensive and up-to-date chronology of its kind -- comes in. From the first stone tools to the first robot surgery, this easy-to-read, handy reference book offers more than seven thousand concise entries organized within ten major historical periods and categorized by subject, such as archaeology, biology, computers, food and agriculture, medicine and health, materials, and transportation. You can follow the world's scientific and technological feats forward or backward, year by year, and subject by subject. Under 8400 BCE Construction, you will discover that the oldest known wall was built in Jericho. Jump to 1454 Communication and you will learn about Johann Gutenberg's invention of movable type. Take an even larger leap to 2002 Computers and find out about the invention of the Earth Simulator, a Japanese supercomputer. The History of Science and Technology answers all the what, when, why, and how questions about our world's greatest discoveries and inventions: How are bridges built? When were bifocal eyeglasses invented and by whom? What medical discovery led to the introduction of sterilization, vaccines, and antibiotics? What is the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) process, and why is it one of the pillars of the biotechnology revolution? Not only can you discover how our world came to be and how it works, but with cross-referenced entries you can also trace many intricate and exciting connections across time. Highly browsable yet richly detailed, expertly researched and indexed, The History of Science and Technology is the perfect desktop reference for both the science novice and the technologically advanced reader alike.


John Buridan, Quaestiones super octo libros Physicorum Aristotelis (secundum ultimam lecturam)

John Buridan, Quaestiones super octo libros Physicorum Aristotelis (secundum ultimam lecturam)

Author: John Buridan

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2016-08-01

Total Pages: 578

ISBN-13: 9004322353

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John Buridan (d. ca. 1360) was one of the most talented and influential philosophers of the later Middle Ages. He spent his career as a master in the Arts Faculty at the University of Paris, producing commentaries and independent treatises on logic, metaphysics, natural philosophy, and ethics. His Questions Commentary on the eight books of Aristotle's Physics is the most important witness to Buridan's teachings in the field of natural philosophy. The commentary was widely read during the later Middle Ages and the Renaissance. This volume presents the first critical edition of books III and IV of the final redaction of Buridan's Questions Commentary on the Physics. The critical edition of the Latin text is accompanied by a detailed guide to the contents of Buridan's questions.


Aether and Gravitation

Aether and Gravitation

Author: William George Hooper

Publisher: Good Press

Published: 2019-12-05

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13:

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This book, like others from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, explores the connection between physics research and electromagnetism. While gravitational effects are also discussed, much of the work focuses on electromagnetic effects. It is intriguing to ponder why this emphasis existed and whether physics has advanced in the right direction since that time. The book provides a glimpse into the scientific thinking of the past and raises questions about the evolution of scientific thought over time.


The Timetables of Technology

The Timetables of Technology

Author: Bryan H. Bunch

Publisher: Touchstone

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 9780671887674

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Entries cover different fields, including architecture, construction, communication, energy, food, agriculture, medicine, tools and transportation.


On the Heavens

On the Heavens

Author: Aristotle

Publisher: Aeterna Press

Published: 1969

Total Pages: 124

ISBN-13:

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On the Heavens (Greek: Περὶ οὐρανοῦ, Latin: De Caelo or De Caelo et Mundo) is Aristotle’s chief cosmological treatise: written in 350 BC it contains his astronomical theory and his ideas on the concrete workings of the terrestrial world. It should not be confused with the spurious work On the Universe (De mundo, also known as On the Cosmos).


The Necessary Structure of the All-pervading Aether

The Necessary Structure of the All-pervading Aether

Author: Peter Forrest

Publisher:

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 9783868381665

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This book investigates the necessary structure of the aether--the material that fills the whole universe--and comes to a variety of conclusions: 1. There is an enormous variety of structures that the aether might have. 2. Probably, the aether is point-free. 3. In that case, it should be distinguished from space-time, which is either a fiction or a construct. 4. Even if the aether has points, we should reject the orthodoxy that all regions are grounded in points by summation. 5. If the aether is point-free but not continuous, its most likely structure has extended atoms that are not simples. 6. Space-time is symmetrical if and only if the aether is continuous. 7. If the aether is continuous, we should reject the standard interpretation of General Relativity, in which geometry determines gravity. 8. Contemporary physics undermines an objection to discrete aether based on scale invariance, but does not offer much positive support.


Planets, Stars, and Orbs

Planets, Stars, and Orbs

Author: Edward Grant

Publisher: CUP Archive

Published: 1996-07-13

Total Pages: 852

ISBN-13: 9780521565097

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Edward Grant describes the extraordinary range of themes, ideas, and arguments that constituted scholastic cosmology for approximately five hundred years, from around 1200 to 1700. Primary emphasis is placed on the world as a whole, what might lie beyond it, and the celestial region, which extended from the Moon to the outermost convex surface of the cosmos.


Oxford Physics in the Thirteenth Century

Oxford Physics in the Thirteenth Century

Author: Cecilia Trifogli

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2022-05-16

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 9004453008

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This volume deals with the reception of Aristotle's natural philosophy in Oxford between 1250 and 1270. It examines a group of ten unedited commentaries on Aristotle's Physics. This book consists of four main chapters devoted respectively to the concepts of motion, infinity, place, and time. Topics included are the question about the nature of motion, the discussion of the actual infinity in numbers, the relation between Aristotle's concepts of place in the Physics and in the Categories, the debate about the reality and the unicity of time. This book offers a comprehensive philosophical analysis of a hitherto unexplored phase of the Aristotelian natural philosophy in the Middle Ages.


The Necessary Structure of the All-pervading Aether

The Necessary Structure of the All-pervading Aether

Author: Peter Forrest

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2013-05-02

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 3110325926

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In this book I investigate the necessary structure of the aether – the stuff that fills the whole universe. Some of my conclusions are. 1. There is an enormous variety of structures that the aether might, for all we know, have. 2. Probably the aether is point-free. 3. In that case, it should be distinguished from Space-time, which is either a fiction or a construct. 4. Even if the aether has points, we should reject the orthodoxy that all regions are grounded in points by summation. 5. If the aether is point-free but not continuous, its most likely structure has extended atoms that are not simples. 6. Space-time is symmetric if and only if the aether is continuous. 7. If the aether is continuous, we should reject the standard interpretation of General Relativity, in which geometry determines gravity. 8. Contemporary physics undermines an objection to discrete aether based on scale invariance, but does not offer much positive support.