Advances in Exercise and Health for People With Mobility Limitations
Advances in Exercise and Health for People With Mobility Limitations

Author: David Hollar

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-10-17

Total Pages: 275

ISBN-13: 3319984527

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The purpose of this book is to provide public health, disability, and rehabilitation professionals and practitioners evidence-based science with respect to health disparities faced by people with disabilities, especially people with mobility limitations; alternative methods of rehabilitation and exercise science for this population; assistive device technology; and, improved access to health care, employment, and social participation. According to the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR), approximately 57 million Americans live with a disability. Disability severity and types vary considerably, such that each individual with a disability faces unique physical, social, and environmental barriers in order to enjoy quality of life and full participation in society. A large research literature shows that people with disabilities face substantial employment and health disparities compared to people without disabilities. People with mobility limitations often experience secondary conditions to compound their primary disability. Hollar (2013) and Hollar and Lewis (2015) showed that people with mobility limitations were significantly more likely to experience obesity and lack of access to physical exercise. Other studies have shown that access to proper physical examination facilities and equipment remain a substantial barrier in many clinics and hospitals despite the enactment of the Americans with Disabilities Act 25 years ago. Research on alternative exercise programs and new assistive device technologies offers promise to improve physical functioning and exercise for people with mobility limitations. Furthermore, increased focus on biopsychosocial over traditional medical models for disability will help policymakers and the public to recognize the complex, contextual issues (e.g., personal, social, environmental) that affect the lives of people with disabilities. Readership includes public health practitioners and educators, disability and rehabilitation researchers, clinicians and sports medicine practitioners, and disability advocates. There have been general handbooks on disability, but advances in technology and alternative exercise programs, as well as novel disability health programs, are dispersed in the research literature. This book will help to highlight these programs for health policy experts, especially given the high health and social disparities experienced by this population.

Fragility Fracture Nursing
Fragility Fracture Nursing

Author: Karen Hertz

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-06-15

Total Pages: 169

ISBN-13: 3319766813

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This open access book aims to provide a comprehensive but practical overview of the knowledge required for the assessment and management of the older adult with or at risk of fragility fracture. It considers this from the perspectives of all of the settings in which this group of patients receive nursing care. Globally, a fragility fracture is estimated to occur every 3 seconds. This amounts to 25 000 fractures per day or 9 million per year. The financial costs are reported to be: 32 billion EUR per year in Europe and 20 billon USD in the United States. As the population of China ages, the cost of hip fracture care there is likely to reach 1.25 billion USD by 2020 and 265 billion by 2050 (International Osteoporosis Foundation 2016). Consequently, the need for nursing for patients with fragility fracture across the world is immense. Fragility fracture is one of the foremost challenges for health care providers, and the impact of each one of those expected 9 million hip fractures is significant pain, disability, reduced quality of life, loss of independence and decreased life expectancy. There is a need for coordinated, multi-disciplinary models of care for secondary fracture prevention based on the increasing evidence that such models make a difference. There is also a need to promote and facilitate high quality, evidence-based effective care to those who suffer a fragility fracture with a focus on the best outcomes for recovery, rehabilitation and secondary prevention of further fracture. The care community has to understand better the experience of fragility fracture from the perspective of the patient so that direct improvements in care can be based on the perspectives of the users. This book supports these needs by providing a comprehensive approach to nursing practice in fragility fracture care.

Educating the Student Body
Educating the Student Body

Author: Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2013-11-13

Total Pages: 503

ISBN-13: 0309283140

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Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.

Contextualizing, Promoting, and Estimating Longitudinal Changes of Mobility Outcomes in Older Adults
Contextualizing, Promoting, and Estimating Longitudinal Changes of Mobility Outcomes in Older Adults

Author: Sabrina Figueiredo

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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"The world population is aging. This phenomenon is accompanied by an increase in the number of disabilities, morbidity, and mortality. Mobility limitations are the second most prevalent type of disability in Canada, affecting individuals, society, and the health care system. Yet, it is understudied. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to contribute evidence towards the contextualization, promotion, and estimation of longitudinal changes of mobility outcomes in older adults. To achieve this overall goal, this thesis entailed five distinct components. The aim of Manuscript 1, entitled "Heterogeneity in the course of age-related mobility limitations. Trajectories from the NuAge Study", was to identify the course of five mobility indicators over three years as well as clusters of declining outcomes in 1,793 healthy seniors. Participants were stratified by age and sex. This study identified great heterogeneity in the development of mobility limitations. For instance, seniors did not deteriorate in all five indicators at the same time. Instead, they were more likely to deteriorate in 3-4 outcomes according to their age group. In addition, muscle strength and capacity to move from sitting to standing were the most common declining outcomes. This work is in preparation to be submitted to the New England Journal of Medicine. In Manuscript 2, entitled "Identifying mobility needs among vulnerable seniors: Can we use patients' own perception?", a survey of 103 vulnerable seniors, suggested that self-rated health could be used to identify seniors in need of further rehabilitation services upon hospital discharge. This study has been accepted for publication by the Canadian Geriatrics Journal. The aim of Manuscript 3, entitled "Managing Mobility Outcomes in Vulnerable Seniors (MMOVeS): A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study", was to estimate whether a 6-month individualized self-management home exercise program (MMOVES) was more effective than exercise information in improving mobility-related outcomes of vulnerable seniors. 60 participants were randomized. Findings suggested that participants receiving the MMOVES program had 3 times greater odds of improving mobility outcomes. In addition, Number Needed to Treat (NNT) indicated that 4 individuals need to be treated with this program for one person to achieve a positive result. This study has been accepted for publication by the Clinical Rehabilitation Journal. Despite its potential for efficacy, the MMOVES will only be sustainable if it is adopted by future clinicians. In Manuscript 4 (Future professionals' behavior and intentions towards self-management support), the MMOVeS program was disseminated through educational and practical modules among future clinicians. Two focus groups indicated that knowledge and skills regarding the use of self-management improved; however, intention to adopt such an approach remained low. This study has been published by Physiotherapy Canada. Manuscript 5, entitled "Challenges of measuring mobility outcomes for RCTs of seniors: Composite Change Matrix (CCM) as a potential solution", presented the CCM as a method to combine two mobility outcomes while still conforming to the CONSORT guidelines. Combined outcomes were categorized by changes based on the minimal important changes (MIC). CCM results were reported as Odds Ratio and NNT, which are more meaningful estimates for clinical decision making. Another benefit of the CCM is that any two outcomes with known MIC can be used. This study has been submitted to the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. The field of rehabilitation research is full of opportunities for advancement of methods, interventions, and outcomes. The novel work presented in this thesis illustrates some of these opportunities and challenges. In addition, different components of this thesis can be used to inform different rehabilitation practice settings. " --

Fitness for Senior Citizens with Limited Mobility
Fitness for Senior Citizens with Limited Mobility

Author: Ron Kness

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2017-02-23

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13: 9781543288131

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We want to be physically healthier and mentally more alert. We also want to be more in control of our health and wellbeing. And we want to exercise as a senior citizen with limited mobility! We can achieve ALL of these goals with the newest release from Ron Kness called -Fitness For Senior Citizens With Limited Mobility-. Based on these exciting teachings, you will learn about all the dramatic benefits of exercising regardless of age and just moving about frequently to stay active and to keep arthritis pain at bay. This book is built around a very clear, concept: keeping the mobility you currently have. It's not just about anti-aging through exercising regardless of mobility issues. Having great looks and health as they age is linked to being active, exercising and eating foods that support bone health. This is because they value a healthy lifestyle as they age. In this book, we look at all of the ways you can improve your own looks and health as you age, starting with exercising within your limitations regularly and frequently. This book will also look at the many other steps that can be taken to support this goal, from seeing your healthcare professional first before starting an exercise program for advice on what you can and can't do, to then staying within the parameters set by your doctor. Even the choices you make about which exercises to do based on mobility limitations can have an impact on your looks and health as you age. In -Fitness For Senior Citizens With Limited Mobility-, we'll cover all the bases, giving you everything you need to know to exercise and stay young and healthy for your age and relatively pain-free.

Enabling America
Enabling America

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1997-11-24

Total Pages: 423

ISBN-13: 0309063744

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The most recent high-profile advocate for Americans with disabilities, actor Christopher Reeve, has highlighted for the public the economic and social costs of disability and the importance of rehabilitation. Enabling America is a major analysis of the field of rehabilitation science and engineering. The book explains how to achieve recognition for this evolving field of study, how to set priorities, and how to improve the organization and administration of the numerous federal research programs in this area. The committee introduces the "enabling-disability process" model, which enhances the concepts of disability and rehabilitation, and reviews what is known and what research priorities are emerging in the areas of: Pathology and impairment, including differences between children and adults. Functional limitationsâ€"in a person's ability to eat or walk, for example. Disability as the interaction between a person's pathologies, impairments, and functional limitations and the surrounding physical and social environments. This landmark volume will be of special interest to anyone involved in rehabilitation science and engineering: federal policymakers, rehabilitation practitioners and administrators, researchers, and advocates for persons with disabilities.