Base isolation, passive energy dissipation and active control represent three innovative technologies for protection of structures under environmental loads. Increasingly, they are being applied to the design of new structures or to the retrofit of existing structures against wind, earthquakes and other external loads. This book, with contributions from leading researchers from Japan, Europe, and the United States, presents a balanced view of current research and world-wide development in this exciting and fast expanding field. Basic principles as well as practical design and implementational issues associated with the application of base isolation systems and passive and active control devices to civil engineering structures are carefully addressed. Examples of structural applications are presented and extensively discussed.
Need to develop, document, and synthesize?This comprehensive handbook is designed to provide you with the knowledge needed to successfully implement an active, hybrid or semi-active control system to a structure for safeguarding it against environmental forces such as wind or earthquakes.
With Active Control of Structures, two global pioneers present the state-of-the-art in the theory, design and application of active vibration control. As the demand for high performance structural systems increases, so will the demand for information and innovation in structural vibration control; this book provides an effective treatise of the subject that will meet this requirement. The authors introduce active vibration control through the use of smart materials and structures, semi-active control devices and a variety of feedback options; they then discuss topics including methods and devices in civil structures, modal analysis, active control of high-rise buildings and bridge towers, active tendon control of cable structures, and active and semi-active isolation in mechanical structures. Active Control of Structures: Discusses new types of vibration control methods and devices, including the newly developed reduced-order physical modelling method for structural control; Introduces triple high-rise buildings connected by active control bridges as devised by Professor Seto; Offers a design strategy from modelling to controller design for flexible structures; Makes prolific use of practical examples and figures to describe the topics and technology in an intelligible manner.
My objective in writing this book was to cross the bridge between the structural dynamics and control communities, while providing an overview of the potential of SMART materials for sensing and actuating purposes in active vibration c- trol. I wanted to keep it relatively simple and focused on systems which worked. This resulted in the following: (i) I restricted the text to fundamental concepts and left aside most advanced ones (i.e. robust control) whose usefulness had not yet clearly been established for the application at hand. (ii) I promoted the use of collocated actuator/sensor pairs whose potential, I thought, was strongly underestimated by the control community. (iii) I emphasized control laws with guaranteed stability for active damping (the wide-ranging applications of the IFF are particularly impressive). (iv) I tried to explain why an accurate pred- tion of the transmission zeros (usually called anti-resonances by the structural dynamicists) is so important in evaluating the performance of a control system. (v) I emphasized the fact that the open-loop zeros are more difficult to predict than the poles, and that they could be strongly influenced by the model trun- tion (high frequency dynamics) or by local effects (such as membrane strains in piezoelectric shells), especially for nearly collocated distributed actuator/sensor pairs; this effect alone explains many disappointments in active control systems.
This book presents a comprehensive introduction to the field of structural vibration reduction control, but may also be used as a reference source for more advanced topics. The content is divided into four main parts: the basic principles of structural vibration reduction control, structural vibration reduction devices, structural vibration reduction design methods, and structural vibration reduction engineering practices. As the book strikes a balance between theoretical and practical aspects, it will appeal to researchers and practicing engineers alike, as well as graduate students.
This book focuses on safeguarding civil structures and residents from natural hazards such as earthquakes through the use of active control. It proposes novel proportional-derivative (PD) and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers, as well as discrete-time sliding mode controllers (DSMCs) for the vibration control of structures involving nonlinearities. Fuzzy logic techniques are used to compensate for nonlinearities. The first part of the book addresses modelling and feedback control in inelastic structures and presents a design for PD/PID controllers. In the second part, classical PD/PID and type-2 fuzzy control techniques are combined to compensate for uncertainties in the structures of buildings. The methodology for tuning the gains of PD/PID is obtained using Lyapunov stability theory, and the system’s stability is verified. Lastly, the book puts forward a DSMC design that does not require system parameters, allowing it to be more flexibly applied. All program codes used in the paper are presented in a MATLAB®/Simulink® environment. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to mechanical and civil engineers, and to advanced undergraduate and graduate engineering students in the areas of structural engineering, structural vibration, and advanced control.
This innovative volume provides a systematic treatment of the basic concepts and computational procedures for structural motion design and engineering for civil installations. The authors illustrate the application of motion control to a wide spectrum of buildings through many examples. Topics covered include optimal stiffness distributions for building-type structures, the role of damping in controlling motion, tuned mass dampers, base isolation systems, linear control, and nonlinear control. The book's primary objective the satisfaction of motion-related design requirements such as restrictions on displacement and acceleration and seeks the optimal deployment of material stiffness and motion control devices to achieve these design targets as well as satisfy constraints on strength. The book is ideal for practicing engineers and graduate students.
Structural control represents a high technology proposal for civil engineering innovation. This book collects the invited papers presented at the 3rd International Workshop on Structural Control. The geographical coverage and the high quality of the invited speaker's contributions make the book a unique update in the areas of intelligent structures, structural control and smart materials for civil and infrastructure engineers. Contents: An Identification Algorithm for Feedback Active Control (N D Anh); Application of Control Techniques to Masonry and Monumental Constructions (A Baratta et al.); Monitoring of Infrastructures in the Marine Environment (A Del Grosso); Health Monitoring and Optimum Maintenance Programs for Structures in Seismic Zones (L Esteva & E Heredia-Zavoni); Outline of Safety Evaluation of Structural Response-Control Buildings and Smart Structural Systems as Future Trends (K Yoshikazu & T Hiroyuki); Recent Developments in Smart Structures Research in India (S Narayanan & V Balamurugan); Perspective of Application of Active Damping of Cable Structures (A Preumont & F Bossens); Parametric and Nonparametric Adaptive Identification of Nonlinear Structural Systems (A W Smyth et al.); Active Control Requirements in Railway Projects (H Wenzel); and other papers. Readership: Civil engineers and scientists working in the areas of intelligent systems and smart materials.
This book features chapters based on selected presentations from the International Congress on Advanced Earthquake Resistance of Structures, AERS2016, held in Samsun, Turkey, from 24 to 28 October 2016. It covers the latest advances in three widely popular research areas in Earthquake Engineering: Performance-Based Seismic Design, Seismic Isolation Systems, and Structural Health Monitoring. The book shows the vulnerability of high-rise and seismically isolated buildings to long periods of strong ground motions, and proposes new passive and semi-active structural seismic isolation systems to protect against such effects. These systems are validated through real-time hybrid tests on shaking tables. Structural health monitoring systems provide rapid assessment of structural safety after an earthquake and allow preventive measures to be taken, such as shutting down the elevators and gas lines, before damage occurs. Using the vibration data from instrumented tall buildings, the book demonstrates that large, distant earthquakes and surface waves, which are not accounted for in most attenuation equations, can cause long-duration shaking and damage in tall buildings. The overview of the current performance-based design methodologies includes discussions on the design of tall buildings and the reasons common prescriptive code provisions are not sufficient to address the requirements of tall-building design. In addition, the book explains the modelling and acceptance criteria associated with various performance-based design guidelines, and discusses issues such as selection and scaling of ground motion records, soil-foundation-structure interaction, and seismic instrumentation and peer review needs. The book is of interest to a wide range of professionals in earthquake engineering, including designers, researchers, and graduate students.
An innovative concept, smart structural systems have proven to be extremely effective in absorbing damaging energy and/or counteracting potentially devastating force, thus limiting structural collapse and subsequent injury. As this technology rapidly evolves, there is an ever-increasing need for an authoritative reference that will allow those in t
