Acres of Aspiration
Author: Hannibal B. Johnson
Publisher:
Published: 2002
Total Pages: 288
ISBN-13:
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The Black Towns
Author: Norman L. Crockett
Publisher: University Press of Kansas
Published: 1979
Total Pages: 266
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKFrom Appomattox to World War I, blacks continued their quest for a secure position in the American system. The problem was how to be both black and American -- how to find acceptance, or even toleration, in a society in which the boundaries of normative behavior, the values, and the very definition of what it meant to be an American were determined and enforced by whites. A few black leaders proposed self-segregation inside the United States within the protective confines of an all-black community as one possible solution. The black-town idea reached its peak in the fifty years after the Civil War; at least sixty black communities were settled between 1865 and 1915. Norman L. Crockett has focused on the formation, growth and failure of five such communities. These include Nicodemus, Kansas; Mound Bayou, Mississippi; Langston, Oklahoma; and Boley, Oklahoma. The last two offer opportunity to observe aspects of Indian-black relations in this area.
Up from the Ashes
Author: Hannibal Johnson
Publisher:
Published: 2019-12-15
Total Pages: 42
ISBN-13: 9781681791746
DOWNLOAD EBOOKUP FROM THE ASHES tells the story of the development, destruction, and rebuilding of a dynamic neighborhood from a child's perspective. Based on actual historical events, during the Tulsa, Oklahoma, race riots in 1921, it is a positive, life-affirming book. Readers will discover what it means to be part of a community, with all its ups and downs. The book demonstrates many of the timeless virtues we all cherish, not just for ourselves, but for our children: faith, determination, integrity, humility, and compassion.
Apartheid in Indian Country?
Author: Hannibal B. Johnson
Publisher:
Published: 2012
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9781935632344
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe binding persons of African descent and Native Americans trace back centuries. In Oklahoma, both free and enslaved Africans lived among the "Five Civilized Tribes" - the Cherokee, Muscogee (Creek), Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Seminole Nations. These tribes officially sided with the Confederacy during the Civil War. After that internecine conflict, the tribes-except for the Chickasaws-adopted their respective "Freedmen." The term Freedmen embraced both formerly-enslaved persons of African ancestry, and those free persons of African ancestry who lived among the tribes. In the modern era, the tribes who granted citizenship to hide their Freedmen have sought to disenfranchise them. Freedmen descendants-persons of African ancestry with blood, affinity, and/or treaty ties to the Five Civilized Tribes-still struggle for recognition and inclusion. The Freedmen debate rages in the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, where legal battles in tribal and federal courts have waged, and a confrontation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs over the issue threatens tribal sovereignty. The Cherokee controversy is both illustrative and emblematic of larger questions about the intersection of race, Indian identity, and Native American sovereignty, Johnson traces historical relations between African-American and Native Americans, particularly in Oklahoma, "Indian Country." He examines some legal, political, economic, social and moral issues surrounding the present controversy over the tribal citizenship of the Freedmen. Wrestling with the issues surrounding Freedmen identity and rights will illuminate and advance the American dialogue on race and culture.
Black Towns, Black Futures
Author: Karla Slocum
Publisher: UNC Press Books
Published: 2019-09-17
Total Pages: 193
ISBN-13: 1469653982
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSome know Oklahoma's Black towns as historic communities that thrived during the Jim Crow era—this is only part of the story. In this book, Karla Slocum shows that the appeal of these towns is more than their past. Drawing on interviews and observations of town life spanning several years, Slocum reveals that people from diverse backgrounds are still attracted to the communities because of the towns' remarkable history as well as their racial identity and rurality. But that attraction cuts both ways. Tourists visit to see living examples of Black success in America, while informal predatory lenders flock to exploit the rural Black economies. In Black towns, there are developers, return migrants, rodeo spectators, and gentrifiers, too. Giving us a complex window into Black town and rural life, Slocum ultimately makes the case that these communities are places for affirming, building, and dreaming of Black community success even as they contend with the sometimes marginality of Black and rural America.
Growing Up with the Country
Author: Kendra Taira Field
Publisher: Yale University Press
Published: 2018-01-09
Total Pages: 256
ISBN-13: 0300182287
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe masterful and poignant story of three African-American families who journeyed west after emancipation, by an award-winning scholar and descendant of the migrants Following the lead of her own ancestors, Kendra Field’s epic family history chronicles the westward migration of freedom’s first generation in the fifty years after emancipation. Drawing on decades of archival research and family lore within and beyond the United States, Field traces their journey out of the South to Indian Territory, where they participated in the development of black and black Indian towns and settlements. When statehood, oil speculation, and Jim Crow segregation imperiled their lives and livelihoods, these formerly enslaved men and women again chose emigration. Some migrants launched a powerful back-to-Africa movement, while others moved on to Canada and Mexico. Their lives and choices deepen and widen the roots of the Great Migration. Interweaving black, white, and Indian histories, Field’s beautifully wrought narrative explores how ideas about race and color powerfully shaped the pursuit of freedom.
God's Little Acre
Author: Erskine Caldwell
Publisher:
Published: 1958
Total Pages: 160
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe March
Author: E. L. Doctorow
Publisher: Random House (NY)
Published: 2005
Total Pages: 384
ISBN-13: 0375506713
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn the last years of the Civil War, General William Tecumseh Sherman marched 60,000 Union troops through Georgia and the Carolinas, cutting a 60-mile wide swath of pillage and destruction. That event comes back in this magisterial novel. High school & older.
Black Wall Street
Author: Hannibal B Johnson
Publisher: Eakin Press
Published: 2021-06
Total Pages: 316
ISBN-13: 9781681792187
DOWNLOAD EBOOKEarly in the twentieth century, the black community in Tulsa- the "Greenwood District"- became a nationally renowned entrepreneurial center. Frequently referred to as "The Black Wall Street of America," the Greenwood District attracted pioneers from all over America who sought new opportunities and fresh challenges. Legal segregation forced blacks to do business among themselves. The Greenwood district prospered as dollars circulated within the black community. But fear and jealousy swelled in the greater Tulsa community. The alleged assault of a white woman by a black man triggered unprecedented civil unrest. The worst riot in American history, the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 destroyed people, property, hopes, and dreams. Hundreds of people died or were injured. Property damage ran into the millions. The Greenwood District burned to the ground. Ever courageous, the Greenwood District pioneers rebuilt and better than ever. By 1942, some 242 businesses called the Greenwood district home. Having experienced decline in the '60s, '70s, and early '80s, the area is now poised for yet another renaissance. Black Wall Street speaks to the triumph of the human spirit.
We Made a Garden
Author: Margery Fish
Publisher: Batsford Books
Published: 2024-06-06
Total Pages: 176
ISBN-13: 1849949611
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAn elegant new edition of a classic book from one of the twentieth century's greatest garden writers. This landmark work on creating a garden was first published in 1956 and has rarely been out of print since. We Made a Garden is the story of how Margery Fish, one of the leading British gardeners of the mid-20th century, and her husband Walter transformed an acre of wilderness into a stunning cottage garden, still open to the public at East Lambrook Manor, Somerset, England. Quirky and readable, this book details her creation of a world-renowned cottage garden, as well as her battles with Walter in the process, who preferred the standard suburban approach. In this beautiful and timeless work, she recounts the trials and tribulations, the successes and failures of her venture with ease and humour. Topics covered are colourful and diverse, ranging from the most suitable hyssop for the terraced garden through composting, hedges and making paths to the best time to lift and replant tulip bulbs. This book has been hailed as everything from a blueprint for the creation of a modern cottage garden to a feminist manifesto, and the author's practical knowledge, imaginative ideas and general good sense will encourage and inspire gardeners everywhere.
