Accessing and Sharing the Benefits of the Genomics Revolution
Accessing and Sharing the Benefits of the Genomics Revolution

Author: Peter W.B. Phillips

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-05-09

Total Pages: 213

ISBN-13: 1402058225

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This volume explores the legal, economic and political debate over intellectual property rights for traditional knowledge and genetic resources, analyzing theory and practice of access and benefits sharing around the world. The book investigates current flashpoints — the battle between Monsanto and Percy Schmeiser over farmers’ rights; disputes over coexistence of genetically modified and organic produce; and ownership and control of human genetic materials stored in human gene banks around the world.

Accessing and Sharing the Benefits of the Genomics Revolution
Accessing and Sharing the Benefits of the Genomics Revolution

Author: Peter W.B. Phillips

Publisher:

Published: 2007-07-23

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13:

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This volume explores the legal, economic and political debate over intellectual property rights for traditional knowledge and genetic resources, analyzing theory and practice of access and benefits sharing around the world. The book investigates current flashpoints — the battle between Monsanto and Percy Schmeiser over farmers’ rights; disputes over coexistence of genetically modified and organic produce; and ownership and control of human genetic materials stored in human gene banks around the world.

Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge
Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge

Author: Tania Bubela

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2012-01-01

Total Pages: 393

ISBN-13: 1781002622

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This fascinating study describes efforts to define and protect traditional knowledge and the associated issues of access to genetic resources, from the negotiation of the Convention on Biological Diversity to the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the Nagoya Protocol. Drawing on the expertise of local specialists from around the globe, the chapters judiciously mix theory and empirical evidence to provide a deep and convincing understanding of traditional knowledge, innovation, access to genetic resources, and benefit sharing. Because traditional knowledge was understood in early negotiations to be subject to a property rights framework, these often became bogged down due to differing views on the rights involved. New models, developed around the notion of distributive justice and self-determination, are now gaining favor. This book suggests – through a discussion of theory and contemporary case studies from Brazil, India, Kenya and Canada – that a focus on distributive justice best advances the interests of indigenous peoples while also fostering scientific innovation in both developed and developing countries. Comprehensive as well as nuanced, Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge will be of great interest to scholars and students of law, political science, anthropology and geography. National and international policymakers and those interested in the environment, indigenous peoples' rights and innovation will find the book an enlightening resource.

Science, Society, and the Supermarket
Science, Society, and the Supermarket

Author: David Castle

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2006-12-22

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 0470055499

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The new science of nutrigenomics and its ethical and societal challenges Gene-diet interactions--which underlie relatively benign lactose intolerance to life-threatening conditions such as cardiovascular disease--have long been known. But until now, scientists lacked the tools to fully understand the underlying mechanisms that cause these conditions. In recent years, however, strides in human genomics and the nutritional sciences have allowed for the advancement of a new science--dubbed nutrigenomics. Although this science may lead to personalized nutrition and dietary recommendations that can mitigate, prevent, or cure sickness, current oversight mechanisms and regulations for emerging direct-to-public nutrigenomic tests are still in their infancy. Science, Society, and the Supermarket: The Opportunities and Challenges of Nutrigenomics discusses the many ethical, legal, and social challenges presented by nutrigenomics. Concerning itself with the basic uses of nutrigenomic research as well as its clinical and commercial aspects, this text sheds light on such issues as: * Opportunities and challenges for nutrigenomics * The science of nutrigenomics * The ethics of nutrigenomic tests and information both in a clinical setting and by private third parties * Alternatives for nutrigenomics service delivery * Nutrigenomics and the regulation of health claims for foods and drugs * Equity and access to nutrigenomics in industrialized and developing countries * Intellectual property issues By taking a proactive bioethical stance on the subject, Science, Society, and the Supermarket offers a thorough and timely analysis on both the benefits and risks of nutrigenomics. Along with a thought-provoking examination of the issues, this book provides ethical guidelines and recommendations for further study in policy and regulatory development.

Handbook on Agriculture, Biotechnology and Development
Handbook on Agriculture, Biotechnology and Development

Author: Stuart J. Smyth

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2014-03-28

Total Pages: 881

ISBN-13: 0857938355

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This book is a compendium of knowledge, experience and insight on agriculture, biotechnology and development. Beginning with an account of GM crop adoptions and attitudes towards them, the book assesses numerous crucial processes, concluding with detai

Ethical Issues and Social Dilemmas in Knowledge Management: Organizational Innovation
Ethical Issues and Social Dilemmas in Knowledge Management: Organizational Innovation

Author: Morais da Costa, Goncalo Jorge

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2010-09-30

Total Pages: 357

ISBN-13: 1615208747

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"This book considers ethical issues and social dilemmas at two levels: the individual vs. individual and the individual vs. the collective, providing a thorough treatment of these facets and demonstrating the philosophical underpinnings of each dimension of knowledge management"--Provided by publisher.

Intellectual Property and Human Development
Intellectual Property and Human Development

Author: Tzen Wong

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-10-21

Total Pages: 449

ISBN-13: 113949001X

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This book examines the social impact of intellectual property laws. It addresses issues and trends relating to health, food security, education, new technologies, preservation of bio-cultural heritage and contemporary challenges in promoting the arts. It explores how intellectual property frameworks could be better calibrated to meet socio-economic needs in countries at different stages of development, with local contexts and culture in mind. A resource for policy-makers, stakeholders, non-profits and students, this volume furthermore highlights alternative modes of innovation that are emerging to address such diverse challenges as neglected or resurgent diseases in developing countries and the harnessing of creative possibilities on the Internet. The collected essays emphasize not only fair access by individuals and communities to intellectual property – protected material, whether a cure, a crop variety, clean technology, a textbook or a tune – but also the enhancement of their own capabilities in cultural participation and innovation.

Decentering Biotechnology
Decentering Biotechnology

Author: Michael S. Carolan

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-04-08

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 1317154088

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Decentering Biotechnology explores the nature of technology, objects and patent law. Investigating the patenting of organic life and the manner in which artifacts of biotechnology are given their object-ive appearance, Carolan details the enrollment mechanisms that give biotechnology its momentum. Drawing on legal judgements and case studies, this fascinating book examines the nature of object-ification, as a thought and a thing, without which biotechnology, as it is done today, would not be possible. Unable to reject biotechnology per se, recognizing that such a rejection would essentialize the very object-ive categories shown to be manufactured, Carolan ultimately argues for doing biotechnology differently. A theoretically sophisticated analysis of the nature of objects and the role of technology as a form of life which shapes the social landscape, Decentering Biotechnology engages with questions of power, globalization, development, resistance, exclusion, and participation that arise from treating biological objects differently from conventional property forms. As such, it will appeal to social theorists, sociologists and philosophers, as well as scholars of law and science and technology studies.

The Ethics of Research Biobanking
The Ethics of Research Biobanking

Author: Jan Helge Solbakk

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-07-31

Total Pages: 361

ISBN-13: 0387938729

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Biobanking, i.e. storage of biological samples or data emerging from such samples for diagnostic, therapeutic or research purposes, has been going on for decades. However, it is only since the mid 1990s that these activities have become the subject of considerable public attention, concern and debate. This shift in climate is due to several factors. The purpose of this book is to investigate some of the ethical, legal and social challenges raised by research biobanking in its different modern forms and formats. The issues raised by research biobanking in its modern form can be divided into four main clusters: how biological materials are entered into the bank; research biobanks as institutions; under what conditions researchers can access materials in the bank, and problems concerning ownership of biological materials and of intellectual property arising from such materials; and how the information is collected and stored, e.g. access-rights, disclosure, confidentiality, data security and data protection.